Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This is a book about life during the HIV epidemic in Ethiopia, and seeks to understand how and why the global effort to achieve universal HIV treatment has shifted away from its initial focus on the excessive human suffering precipitated by the epidemic. When antiretroviral drugs became available in Ethiopia, they emerged as powerful agents of change: not only did they cure individuals, they also helped people overcome their fear of – and break the silence around – AIDS, while healing the social ruptures caused by the epidemic. Nevertheless, as this book argues, the very same agents have silently “reversed” these changes over the course of the past decade. These reversals have dissolved connections, re-incurred invisible social fissures, and allowed a large majority of people to stay indifferent to the suffering of individuals whose lives remain vulnerable under the current treatment regime. This whole process is a product of neoliberal global health interventions that determine which lives are worthy or unworthy of investment. This book will interest scholars of biopolitics and public health, those who study the developing world, and those interested in how pandemic interventions alter the lives of many. Makoto Nishi is an associate professor at the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University. His current research projects focus on the care environment for families affected by some neurological conditions, including parasite-induced epilepsy in post-conflict northern Uganda and autism during Covid time in neoliberal Japan.

Pure sciences. Natural sciences (general) --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- volksgezondheid --- wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- Medicine and the humanities. --- Public health. --- Science—History. --- Medical Humanities. --- Public Health. --- History of Science.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book examines a century of research on the relationship between bilingualism and intelligence and relates it to more recent research on bilingualism and executive functioning. In doing so, it highlights how bilingualism research has been understood and used by wider society and its impact on current debates in cognitive science as well as language policy and education. The book probes the correlation between the fact that while early intelligence research suggested a negative effect of bilingualism on intelligence, the so-called “Bilingual Problem”, later research implied a positive effect, “the Bilingual Advantage.” It questions whether the negative consequences that arose from the Bilingual Problem are influencing researchers’ reluctance to let go of the Bilingual Advantage. Findings on both the bilingual ‘advantage’ and ‘disadvantage’ are shown to have suffered from similar methodological problems, with research into the former finding itself at the centre of the ongoing replication crisis in psychology. This book provides fresh insights that will be of particular interest to students and scholars of cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, bilingualism, applied linguistics, education and the history of science

Cognitive psychology --- Psychology --- Didactics of languages --- Pure sciences. Natural sciences (general) --- Psycholinguistics --- Language and literature --- wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- psychologie --- geschiedenis --- talenonderwijs --- cognitieve psychologie --- psycholinguïstiek --- meertaligheid --- Multilingualism --- Social sciences—History --- Language and languages—Study and teaching --- Science—History

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The late eighteenth century and subsequent Napoleonic Era witnessed a turning point in the establishment of agricultural science as a well-defined discipline in northern Italy. In this book, Martino Lorenzo Fagnani traces these developments by reviewing the correspondence of naturalists and agriculturists as well as the research plans of universities, academies, societies, institutes, and governments. He explores the establishment of a broad knowledge network encompassing all of Europe while also investigating the reasons behind the exchange of seeds, the establishment of spaces for experimentation such as scientific gardens and experimental fields, and the organization of specialized journals and monographs. This work represents an important contribution to the historiography of Italian agricultural science, filling a significant gap in our knowledge of related developments. Martino Lorenzo Fagnani is a Postdoctoral Researcher in Early Modern History at the University of Pavia, Italy.

Pure sciences. Natural sciences (general) --- History --- History of Italy --- History of Eastern Europe --- History of Europe --- wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- nieuwste tijd --- geschiedenis --- Europese geschiedenis --- nieuwe tijd --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1999 --- Europe --- Italy—History. --- Europe—History—1492-. --- Science—History. --- Human ecology—History. --- History of Italy. --- History of Modern Europe. --- History of Science. --- Environmental History.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book tells the comprehensive history of cosmography from the 15th Century Age of Discovery onward. During this time, cosmography—a science that combined geography and astronomy to inform us about our place in the universe—was deeply tied to ongoing developments in politics, exploration, culture, and technology. The book offers in-depth historical context over nearly four centuries, focusing in particular on the often neglected role that Portugal and Spain played in the development of cosmography. It details the great activity emerging from the Iberian and Italic peninsulas, including numerous voyagers of exploration, a clear commercial intention, and advancements in map-making techniques. In doing so, it provides a unique perspective on the “Longitude problem” not available in most other literature on the topic. Rigorously researched and sweeping in scope, this book will serve as an invaluable source for historians and readers interested in the history of science, of astronomy, and of exploration from a southern European perspective.

Pure sciences. Natural sciences (general) --- Space research --- Astronomy --- History of Europe --- wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- Europese geschiedenis --- ruimte (astronomie) --- astronomie --- Europe --- Physics—History. --- Astronomy—Observations. --- Science—History. --- Europe—History. --- History of Physics and Astronomy. --- Astronomy, Observations and Techniques. --- History of Science. --- European History. --- Science

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The relationship between alcohol consumption and liver cirrhosis has long been contested by doctors and medical professionals, creating numerous implications for the public reputation of alcohol in Britain. Despite this, it was not until the 1970s that cirrhosis came to be understood as an ‘alcoholic disease’. This book contextualises developments in this debate through the twentieth century by examining the significant influence that medical expertise had on policy responses to alcohol misuse, as well as the social reputation of alcohol consumption. It demonstrates how the degree to which drinking was seen to be responsible for liver disease directly shaped how different groups, such as the temperance movement and the drinks industry, exaggerated or downplayed the destructive properties of alcohol. Covering a series of themes including the science of disease causation, the social standing of medical expertise, and alcohol and public health policy, this book argues that in order to properly understand the trajectory of debates around drinking we need to consider the twentieth-century ‘alcohol problem’ as primarily a medical issue. Contrary to the tendency by existing works to disassociate perceptions and responses to alcohol use from the objective knowledge of its effects on the body, this book shows that medical understandings of liver disease influenced how alcohol was conceptualised in relation to its harms. Offering a fresh perspective on the interaction between scientific knowledge and policy during the twentieth century, this book provides insights for those researching the social, political and cultural history of modern Britain, as well as historians of medicine and health. Ryosuke Yokoe is a JSPS Postdoctoral Fellow based in the Graduate School of Economics at the University of Tokyo, Japan. He is a historian of medicine and previously studied and taught at the University of Sheffield in the UK.

Politics --- Pure sciences. Natural sciences (general) --- History of human medicine --- World history --- History --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- History of Eastern Europe --- wetenschapsgeschiedenis --- geneeskunde --- geschiedenis --- politiek --- sociale geschiedenis --- wereldpolitiek --- Europese geschiedenis --- anno 1500-1799 --- anno 1800-1999 --- Great Britain—History. --- Science—History. --- Medicine—History. --- History, Modern. --- World politics. --- Social history. --- History of Britain and Ireland. --- History of Science. --- History of Medicine. --- Modern History. --- Political History. --- Social History.