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The volume contains the text of nineteen contributions, elaborated by professors of eight European universities, linked together in the "Réseau Thématique Plutarque" (Madrid, Málaga, Coimbra, Paris X, Leuven, Groningen, Salerno, Florence) and intends to comment on the news provided from Plutarch on the life and activities, the importance and influence of the great figures of ancient Athens. Relevant contributions are proposed on famous political figures (Teseo, Solone, Pericle and Cimone); on the great Athenian philosophers (in particular Socrates, the tradition of the Platonic Academy and of the Peripate); on the astrologer Metone and Epimenide, the purifier of Athens; but also on famous women (in particular, Aspasia). Two chapters deal with the historical situation of Athens at the time of the Diadochi and in the Roman age. Two other chapters deal with the reception of two specific plutarchic works during the Renaissance: Gloria degli Ateniesi (Glory of Athenians) e Detti degli Ateniesi (Sayings of the Athenians).

Athens (Greece) --- Athens (Greece) --- History.

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Few people are aware that shortly after 1456, when Athens yielded without fighting to the bitter end, she had become one of the bigger Balkan towns within the Ottoman Empire. The limited area confined within the boundaries of the late Roman fortification walls soon developed into a town of thirty-six mahalles. A thorough analysis of the town/country relationship within the Ottoman feudal system of production in general, and as related to Athens in particular, reveals the dynamic conditions of urban development. Athens shared many of the characteristics of prosperity based on specific modes of appropriation of surpluses and patterns of division of labour between town and countryside. Strange though it might seem, it was only after the middle of the 17th century, when land-tenure conditions changed and Athens was heading towards decline, that an 'Ottoman' character as such could be detected in its built environment, although Christians still strongly outnumbered Muslim citizens. That^ being so, the presence at that time in Athens of representatives of the European Enlightenment, hypnotized by the myth of its artistic and cultural treasures, did not affect the general conditions of development. In the 1830s, Athens, by that time a provincial town of secondary importance, was 'ordered' to stride from feudalism to capitalism, to transform itself into a modern capital city of a new-born state. The shift from a small town under Ottoman rule to the modern city of the Hellenic Kingdom implied the quick transformation of belonging to a community (understood in terms of sharing common cultural characteristics) to a sense of being a member of a society (understood as an institution, as an externality demanding obedience). The amorphous masses of the medieval quarters that had arranged themselves so that unity within variety was established, where each particular architectural entity retained its meaning in so far as it was experienced as part of the whole urban fabric, had to ^give way to the early 19th-century planning environment, conceived more or less as a series of autonomous architectural identities understood only within a specific urban complex. It was not easy for Athens to cross the 'line' in 1834. The rejection of the first plan should not be naively understood as an urban restructuring triggering the virulent dissent of those Athenian landowners who detected threats to their vested interests. A violent break with the past was necessary so that new compositional stratagems could be implemented. But ever since Athens became a capital city, the pendulum of its history swung dramatically between tradition and modernism, not least because nationalism kept propagating an idealistic vision of an historical continuum that ran from the glorious ancient past down to the euphoria of the modern Greek state. Although Athens did make steady steps towards becoming a 'modern', 'European-like' city, comprehensive planning and centralized control of public works^ ^as they had been essayed in central and western European cities in the second half of the 19th century, were totally incompatible with the build-as-you-please practice foisted on the capital city of Greece. Architectural and urban analysis of Athens between 1456 and 1920 discloses the metamorphosis of a town to a city, experienced as an invigorating adventure through the meandering routes of history. This is what this book is about.

Athens (Greece) --- Athens (Greece) --- History --- History

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#gsdbA --- Acropolis (Athens, Greece)

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John Dover Wilson's New Shakespeare, published between 1921 & 1966, became the classic Cambridge edition of Shakespeare's plays & poems until the 1980s. The series, long since out-of-print, is now reissued. Each work is available both individually & as a set, & each contains a lengthy & lively introduction, main text, & substantial notes & glossary printed at the back. The edition, which began with The Tempest ended with The Sonnets, put into practice the techniques & theories that had evolved under the 'New Bibliography'. Remarkably by today's standards, although it took the best part of half a century to produce, the New Shakespeare involved only a small band of editors besides Dover Wilson himself. As the volumes took shape, many of Dover Wilson's textual methods acquired general acceptance & became an established part of later editorial practice.

Fairies --- Athens (Greece) --- Drama

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Art --- Architecture --- Athens (Greece)