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Après la Révolution belge de 1830, la justice militaire a continué de fonctionner sur le modèle mis en place au début de la période hollandaise, mais elle s'est adaptée aux circonstances et à l'esprit du temps. Des principes constitutionnels nouveaux, tels la séparation des pouvoirs et l'indépendance de la justice, ont conduit à un repositionnement des différents acteurs. Centrée sur l'évolution des normes et du cadre institutionnel, la première partie de l'ouvrage montre comment, dans les deux décennies qui suivent l'indépendance de la Belgique, la justice militaire gagne en autonomie et tend à se rapprocher des pratiques de la justice ordinaire. La seconde partie dresse le portrait des auditeurs militaires, hommes clés de la procédure. Qui sont-ils ? De quelle marge de manœuvre disposent-ils par rapport à la hiérarchie militaire ? Comment perçoivent-ils leur rôle et comment l'exercent-ils ? Permettant d'étudier le parcours professionnel de ces magistrats, les documents qu'ils ont produits dans le cadre de leurs fonctions aident également à mieux cerner leurs pratiques quotidiennes.

Military courts --- Belgium --- History --- 1830-1849 --- Military law --- Belgique --- justice militaire --- justice --- XIXème siècle

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Authorities often fear societal change as it implies finding a new balance to live together within society. Whether it is defined by economic, political, social or cultural factors, the transformation of life in society is considered by authorities as a 'risk' that needs to be framed and controlled. The state's response to this situation of transformation can be analysed through the prism of the police. Informally or not, police systems adapt their regulatory frameworks, their structures and their practices in order to respond risks, new threats and new rules. This process, which is mostly of a contemporary nature, is also deeply historic. Analysing it on the long run is therefore particularly relevant. From the late nineteenth-century until the second half of the twentieth-century, Policing New Risks in Modern European History provides a panorama of political and police reactions to the 'risks' of societal change in a Western European perspective, focusing on Belgium, France, and The Netherlands, but also colonial perspectives.

History of Europe --- anno 1900-1999 --- Police --- Social change --- History. --- History --- Social history. --- Civilization-History. --- Europe-History. --- History, Modern. --- Police. --- Social History. --- Cultural History. --- European History. --- Modern History. --- Policing. --- Cops --- Gendarmes --- Law enforcement officers --- Officers, Law enforcement --- Officers, Police --- Police forces --- Police officers --- Police service --- Policemen --- Policing --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Criminal justice personnel --- Peace officers --- Public safety --- Security systems --- Modern history --- World history, Modern --- World history --- Descriptive sociology --- Social conditions --- Social history --- Sociology --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Civilization—History. --- Europe—History. --- Europe, Western. --- Europe, Western --- West Europe --- Police - Europe, Western - History. --- Social change - Europe, Western - History.

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This book focuses on one part of the judicial system: the criminal justice chainches This involves all the activities and actors dealing with policing, prosecution, judgment, and sanctioning of crimes. In the last decades, reforms have been implemented in several European countries. In Belgium, for example, there was the so-called Octopus reform in 1998. The police was restructured, leading to an integration of the police forces on a national and local level. New steering instruments were introduced, such as regional security plans. With regard to the sanctioning of crimes, a new institution was installed, called the sentence implementation court. This book evaluates these reforms and discusses the current reform on the reorganization of the judicial landscape. In addition, it examines the relation between trust and distrust and the application to the judicial system. It discusses the human capital aspect of the system, by means of a study on the prosopography of the Belgian magistrates that analyses the Magistracy as socio-professional group, and focuses on situations of system building, transformations under constraint (occupations), and transfers (colonial experience). Lastly, the book presents a comparative study of Belgium and France regarding the new techniques and instruments that are needed to accelerate the judicial response time and to ensure that the judicial system delivers its services on time.

#SBIB:35H143 --- #SBIB:343.9H0 --- Bijzondere korpsen: rechterlijke macht --- Criminologie --- Law. --- Personnel management. --- History. --- Private international law. --- Conflict of laws. --- International law. --- Comparative law. --- Public administration. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law. --- Criminology and Criminal Justice, general. --- History, general. --- Public Administration. --- Human Resource Management. --- Criminal justice, Administration of --- Law reform --- Legal reform --- Administration of criminal justice --- Law and legislation --- Law --- Personnel management --- History --- Private international law --- Conflict of laws --- International law --- Comparative law --- Public administration --- Justice pénale --- Droit --- Personnel --- Histoire --- Droit international privé --- Droit international --- Droit comparé --- Administration publique --- Administration --- Réforme --- Direction --- Administration, Public --- Delivery of government services --- Government services, Delivery of --- Public management --- Public sector management --- Political science --- Administrative law --- Decentralization in government --- Local government --- Public officers --- Comparative jurisprudence --- Comparative legislation --- Jurisprudence, Comparative --- Law, Comparative --- Legislation, Comparative --- Law of nations --- Nations, Law of --- Public international law --- Choice of law --- Intermunicipal law --- International law, Private --- International private law --- Legal polycentricity --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Corporations --- Employment management --- Human resource management --- Human resources management --- Manpower utilization --- Personnel administration --- Management --- Employees --- Employment practices liability insurance --- Supervision of employees --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Civil law --- Criminologie. --- Bijzondere korpsen: rechterlijke macht. --- Justice, Administration of --- Crime --- Criminal law --- Criminals --- Criminology. --- Private International Law, International & Foreign Law, Comparative Law . --- Social sciences --- Study and teaching --- Justice pénale --- Réforme --- Droit international privé --- Droit comparé

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Les actes des dix-neuvièmes journées belgo-néerlandaises d’histoire du droit offrent un aperçu général de la recherche actuelle en histoire du droit et de la justice, en particulier des travaux de jeunes chercheurs. Les études réunies dans ce recueil couvrent une large palette chronologique: - Droit et justice au XXe siècle - De l’Antiquité romaine au Moyen-Âge - Histoire de la justice du Moyen-Âge au XVIIe siècle - Le temps des Révolutions - XIXe siècle : le pouvoir judiciaire face au bouillonnement sociétal - Quelques aspects oubliés de l’histoire récente du droit. De akten van het negentiende Belgisch-Nederlands Rechtshistorisch Colloquium geven een algemeen overzicht van het lopend onderzoek op het gebied van de justitie- en rechtsgeschiedenis, in het bijzonder van de oriëntaties van jonge onderzoekers. De bijdragen in deze bundel bestrijken een grote chronologische diversiteit: - Recht en justitie in de 20ste eeuw - Van de Romeinse Oudheid tot de Middeleeuwen - Justitiegeschiedenis van de Middeleeuwen tot de 17de eeuw - Het tijdperk van de Revoluties - 19de eeuw: de gerechtelijke macht en de maatschappelijke onwentelingen - Enkele vergeten kanten van de recente rechtsgeschiedenis.

History of the law --- History as a science --- Histoire du droit --- --Histoire de la justice --- --Colloque --- --2008 --- --Louvain-la-Neuve --- --actes --- --BPB1101 --- 34 <09> <493> --- Geschiedenis van het recht --- Rechtsgeschiedenis --(algemeen)--België --- BPB1101 --- 34 <09> <493> Rechtsgeschiedenis --(algemeen)--België --- --History of the law --- ιστορία του δικαίου --- historia prawa --- história práva --- rättshistoria --- история на правото --- retshistorie --- zgodovina prava --- istoria dreptului --- историја на правото --- историја права --- História do Direito --- storia del diritto --- historia e së drejtës --- Rechtsgeschichte --- õigusajalugu --- history of law --- tiesību vēsture --- historie práva --- storja tad-dritt --- historia del Derecho --- geschiedenis van het recht --- oikeushistoria --- teisės istorija --- povijest prava --- jogtörténet --- историја на јуриспруденцијата --- dějiny právní vědy --- dějiny práva --- historie právní vědy --- stair an dlí --- Histoire de la justice --- Colloque --- Louvain-la-Neuve --- Droit --- Justice --- Histoire --- Administration --- France --- Pays-Bas --- Belgique --- Law --- Justice, Administration of --- History --- Economic aspects --- droit romain --- justice (histoire) --- justice pénale

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De nos jours, dans les villes, la violence des jeunes alarme, inquiète. « Ils sont de plus en plus violents, de plus en plus jeunes », entend-on régulièrement de l’opinion publique. Pourtant, ces commentaires ne reposent sur aucune base scientifique fiable : ils relèvent d’un discours construit depuis près de deux cents ans sur des faits peu représentatifs et des impressions non critiquées. Jusqu’ici, ville et violence, jeunesse et violence, voire jeunesse et ville étaient analysées de manière séparée ; en revanche, la problématique de la violence des jeunes dans l’espace public urbain n’avait pas donné lieu à des recherches croisées. Par la confrontation systématique des sources (répressives, discursives) et selon une pluralité d’approches méthodologiques (travail sur archives, enquête orale), les auteurs de ce livre, historiens, criminologues ou sociologues, tentent de cerner l’écart existant entre perception et réalité du phénomène aux différentes périodes de l’histoire. Sur la base de recherches récentes, ils proposent de mieux comprendre quand, comment et pourquoi s’est construite dans la société européenne cette représentation de la jeunesse comme vecteur de violence associé à la vie urbaine.

Criminal justice, Administration of --- Crime --- History. --- 858 Geweld --- 844.6 Samenlevingsproblemen --- Juvenile delinquency --- Europe --- Social conditions --- Social life and customs --- Urban violence --- Violence urbaine --- Délinquance juvénile --- History --- Histoire --- Suburban crimes --- Juvenile delinquency - Europe --- Europe - Social conditions --- Europe - Social life and customs --- délinquance juvénile --- déviance --- violences juvéniles urbaines --- répression --- Marseille --- Bruxelles --- Anvers --- Paris