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The book presents a collection of papers focused on recent progress in key areas of photogrammetry for environmental research. Applications oriented to the understanding of natural phenomena and quantitative processes using dataset from photogrammetry (from satellite to unmanned aerial vehicle images) and terrestrial laser scanning, also by a diachronic approach, are reported. The book covers topics of interest of many disciplines from geography, geomorphology, engineering geology, geotechnology, including landscape description and coastal studies. Mains issues faced by the book are related to applications on coastal monitoring, using multitemporal aerial images, and investigations on geomorphological hazard by the joint use of proximal photogrammetry, terrestrial and aerial laser scanning aimed to the reconstruction of detailed surface topography and successive 2D/3D numerical simulations for rock slope stability analyses. Results reported in the book bring into evidence the fundamental role of multitemporal surveys and reliable reconstruction of morphologies from photogrammetry and laser scanning as support to environmental researches.

damage --- n/a --- plain area --- UAS --- photogrammetry --- geological hazard --- ZY3-02 --- UAV --- Remote sensing --- geohazards --- declassified satellite imagery --- TLS --- rock slope stability --- field work --- Pleiades --- georelief --- landslide mapping --- talus cones --- coastline --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- SfM photogrammetry --- beach monitoring --- LiDAR --- poplar plantation --- air photos --- canopy height --- remote sensing --- monitoring --- torrential rainfall --- SfM-MVS --- rockfall runout --- rockfall hazard --- SfM --- Lefkada Island --- slope stability --- coastal observatory

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The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) plays an important role in supporting human activities. Man is concentrating more and more on intellectual work, and trying to automate practical activities as much as possible in order to increase their efficiency. In this regard, the use of drones is increasingly becoming a key aspect of this automation process, offering many advantages, including agility, efficiency and reduced risk, especially in dangerous missions. Hence, this Special Issue focuses on applications, platforms and services where UAVs can be used as facilitators for the task at hand, also keeping in mind that security should be addressed from its different perspectives, ranking from communications security to operational security, and furthermore considering privacy issues.

History of engineering & technology --- computer vision --- oil well working condition --- real-time detection --- sort --- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) --- YOLOv3 --- UAV --- autonomous landing --- vision-based --- ArduSim --- ArUco marker --- blind signature --- security --- MEC --- UAVs --- FANET --- 5G --- IoT --- Mutual authentication --- Privacy --- Traceable --- BAN logic --- coverage model --- human mobility model --- UAVs/drones positioning --- energy model --- UAS --- horizon --- undistortion --- FPGA --- sense-and-avoid --- LoRaWAN --- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles --- topology control --- virtual spring forces --- firefighting communications --- n/a

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have already become an affordable and cost-efficient tool to quickly map a targeted area for many emerging applications in the arena of ecological monitoring and biodiversity conservation. Managers, owners, companies, and scientists are using professional drones equipped with high-resolution visible, multispectral, or thermal cameras to assess the state of ecosystems, the effect of disturbances, or the dynamics and changes within biological communities inter alia. We are now at a tipping point on the use of drones for these type of applications over natural areas. UAV missions are increasing but most of them are testing applicability. It is time now to move to frequent revisiting missions, aiding in the retrieval of important biophysical parameters in ecosystems or mapping species distributions. This Special Issue shows UAV applications contributing to a better understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem status, threats, changes, and trends. It documents the enhancement of knowledge in ecological integrity parameters mapping, long-term ecological monitoring based on drones, mapping of alien species spread and distribution, upscaling ecological variables from drone to satellite images: methods and approaches, rapid risk and disturbance assessment using drones, mapping albedo with UAVs, wildlife tracking, bird colony and chimpanzee nest mapping, habitat mapping and monitoring, and a review on drones for conservation in protected areas.

Pinus nigra --- unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) --- biological conservation --- precision --- flight altitude --- accuracy --- multiscale approach --- low-cost UAV --- LTER --- small UAV --- ecological monitoring --- Sequoia --- long-term monitoring --- albedo --- image processing --- vegetation indices --- Tanzania --- ground-truth --- Sentinel-2 --- biodiversity threats --- field experiments --- effective management --- great apes --- drone --- ecological integrity --- multispectral --- rice crops --- conservation --- protected areas --- survey --- response surface --- aerial survey --- bird censuses --- multispectral mapping --- drones --- UAS --- hyperspectral --- UAV --- random forest --- Pinus sylvestris --- NDVI --- UAVs --- Parrot Sequoia --- supervised classification --- drone mapping --- RPAS --- greenness index --- image resolution --- Plegadis falcinellus --- Motus --- biodiversity --- Landsat 8 --- Sentinel --- boreal forest --- phenology --- LTSER --- western swamphen --- Parrot SEQUOIA --- native grassland --- forêt Montmorency --- drought --- forest regeneration --- radio-tracking

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Coastal areas are remarkable regions with high spatiotemporal variability. A large population is affected by their physical and biological processes—resulting from effects on tourism to biodiversity and productivity. Coastal ecosystems perform several critical ecosystem services and functions, such as water oxygenation and nutrients provision, seafloor and beach stabilization (as sediment is controlled and trapped within the rhizomes of the seagrass meadows), carbon burial, as areas for nursery, and as refuge for several commercial and endemic species. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of marine habitats is prerequisite information for the conservation and sustainable use of marine resources. Remote sensing from UAVs to spaceborne sensors is offering a unique opportunity to measure, analyze, quantify, map, and explore the processes on the coastal areas at high temporal frequencies. This Special Issue on “Application of Remote Sensing in Coastal Areas” is specifically addresses those successful applications—from local to regional scale—in coastal environments related to ecosystem productivity, biodiversity, sea level rise.

Research & information: general --- Geography --- satellite remote sensing --- Landsat --- coastline --- barrier island --- morphological change --- coastal ocean --- Photon-counting lidar --- MABEL --- land cover --- remote sensing --- signal photons --- ground settlement --- marine reclamation land --- time series InSAR --- Sentinel-1 --- Xiamen New Airport --- Pleiades --- photogrammetry --- LiDAR --- RTK-GPS --- beach topography --- cliff coastlines --- time-series analysis --- terrestrial laser scanner --- southern Baltic Sea --- non-parametric Bayesian network --- satellite-derived bathymetry --- hydrography --- CubeSats --- hypertemporal --- zones of confidence --- PlanetScope --- vegetation mapping --- dunes --- unmanned aerial system --- pixel-based classification --- object-based classification --- dune vegetation classification --- coastal monitoring --- multispectral satellite images --- multi-temporal NDVI --- pixels based supervised classification --- Random Forest --- harmonization --- shoreline mapping --- semi-global subpixel localization --- intensity integral error --- polarimetric SAR --- polarimetric decomposition --- ship detection --- Euclidean distance --- mutual information --- new feature --- Bohai sea ice --- sea ice extent --- OLCI imagery --- sea ice information index --- waterline extraction --- sub-pixel --- surface water mapping --- data cube --- contour extraction --- water extraction --- water indices --- thresholding --- Coastal process --- wind wake --- heat advection --- multi-sensor --- ASAR --- oceanic thermal response --- Hainan Island --- coastal remote sensing --- habitat mapping --- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) --- unmanned aircraft system (UAS) --- drone --- object-based image analysis (OBIA) --- UAS data acquisition --- n/a

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being increasingly used in different applications in both military and civilian domains. These applications include surveillance, reconnaissance, remote sensing, target acquisition, border patrol, infrastructure monitoring, aerial imaging, industrial inspection, and emergency medical aid. Vehicles that can be considered autonomous must be able to make decisions and react to events without direct intervention by humans. Although some UAVs are able to perform increasingly complex autonomous manoeuvres, most UAVs are not fully autonomous; instead, they are mostly operated remotely by humans. To make UAVs fully autonomous, many technological and algorithmic developments are still required. For instance, UAVs will need to improve their sensing of obstacles and subsequent avoidance. This becomes particularly important as autonomous UAVs start to operate in civilian airspaces that are occupied by other aircraft. The aim of this volume is to bring together the work of leading researchers and practitioners in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles with a common interest in their autonomy. The contributions that are part of this volume present key challenges associated with the autonomous control of unmanned aerial vehicles, and propose solution methodologies to address such challenges, analyse the proposed methodologies, and evaluate their performance.

n/a --- super twisting sliding mode controller (STSMC) --- monocular visual SLAM --- modulation --- bio-inspiration --- simulation --- horizontal control --- sensor fusion --- ADRC --- high-order sliding mode --- over-the-horizon air confrontation --- longitudinal motion model --- autonomous control --- real-time ground vehicle detection --- maneuver decision --- nonlinear dynamics --- UAV automatic landing --- harmonic extended state observer --- image processing --- General Visual Inspection --- actuator faults --- actuator fault --- remote sensing --- aerial infrared imagery --- agricultural UAV --- SC-FDM --- tilt rotors --- mass eccentricity --- wind disturbance --- decoupling algorithm --- adaptive discrete mesh --- disturbance --- super twisting extended state observer (STESO) --- heuristic exploration --- sliding mode control --- UAS --- Q-Network --- UAV communication system --- UAV --- reinforcement learning --- autonomous landing area selection --- peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) --- slung load --- aircraft maintenance --- flight mechanics --- octree --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- convolutional neural network --- aircraft --- performance evaluation --- quadrotor --- vertical take off --- data link --- path planning --- coaxial-rotor --- fixed-time extended state observer (FTESO) --- multi-UAV system --- hardware-in-the-loop --- distributed swarm control --- vertical control