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Cathars have long been regarded as posing the most organised challenge to orthodox Catholicism in the medieval West, even as a "counter-Church" to orthodoxy in southern France and northern Italy. Their beliefs, understood to be inspired by Balkan dualism, are often seen as the most radical among medieval heresies. However, recent work has fiercely challenged this paradigm, arguing instead that "Catharism" was a construct of its persecutors, mis-named and mis-represented by generations of subsequent scholarship, and its supposedly radical views were a fantastical projection of the fears of orthodox commentators.
This volume brings together a wide range of views from some of the most distinguished international scholars in the field, in order to address the debate directly while also opening up new areas for research. Focussing on dualism and anti-materialist beliefs in southern France, Italy and the Balkans, it considers a number of crucial issues. These include: what constitutes popular belief; how (and to what extent) societies of the past were based on the persecution of dissidents; and whether heresy can be seen as an invention of orthodoxy. At the same time, the essays shed new light on some key aspects of the political, cultural, religious and economic relationships between the Balkans and more western regions of Europe in the Middle Ages.

Antonio Sennis isSenior Lecturer in Medieval History at University College London Contributors: John H. Arnold, Peter Biller, Caterina Bruschi, David d'Avray, Jörg Feuchter, Bernard Hamilton, Robert I. Moore, MarkGregory Pegg, Rebecca Rist, Lucy Sackville, Antonio Sennis, Claire Taylor, Julien Théry-Astruc, Yuri Stoyanov

Albigenses. --- Cathares --- Christian church history --- anno 500-1499 --- France --- Italy --- Balkan Peninsula --- Albigenses --- Albigensians --- Cathari --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Christian heresies --- History --- Balkan States --- Balkans --- Europe, Southeastern --- Southeastern Europe

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Albigenses --- Christian heresies --- Cathares --- Hérésies chrétiennes --- Early works to 1800 --- History --- Sources --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Histoire --- Hérésies chrétiennes --- Albigensians --- Cathari --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Albigenses - Controversial literature - Early works to 1800 --- Albigenses - Italy - Early works to 1800

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Albigenses --- Albigensians --- Albigenzen --- Albigeois (Secte) --- Cathares --- Cathares -- Doctrines --- Cathari --- Catharism --- Catharisme --- Catharisme -- Moyen âge --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Katharen --- Katharisme --- Albigenses. --- Mysticism --- History --- Mysticism - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- CATHARES --- RELIGION

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Albigenses --- Albigensians --- Albigenzen --- Albigeois (Secte) --- Cathares --- Cathares -- Doctrines --- Cathari --- Catharism --- Catharisme --- Catharisme -- Moyen âge --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Graal --- Grail --- Katharen --- Katharisme --- Gral --- Gréal --- Holy Grail --- Sangraal --- Sangreal --- Chalices --- Folklore --- Christian heresies --- Legends&delete& --- History and criticism --- History --- Legends --- GRAAL --- EGLISE CATHOLIQUE --- HERESIES ET HERETIQUES --- CATHARES --- DOCTRINE, APOLOGIES, CONTROVERSES --- 600-1500 (MOYEN AGE) --- HISTOIRE --- MOYEN AGE

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How should historians read sources which record inquisitorial trials in the Middle Ages? How can we understand the fears felt by those on trial? By analysing six volumes of depositions in the trial of Cathar and Waldensian heretics in Languedoc between the late twelfth and the fourteenth century, in this book, Caterina Bruschi challenges old methodologies in the study of dissent. She examines the intrinsic narratological problems related to the sources and, using approaches from the social sciences, analyses the different fears felt by deponents and how those fears affected their actions and decisions. In so doing, she sheds light on itinerancy within the ecclesial structure of non-conformist movements and contextualises the problem of itinerancy as a benchmark for the definition of heresy. Focusing on the lives and attitudes of trial witnesses, this innovative account is a major contribution to our understanding of the nature of religious non-conformity in the Middle Ages.

Albigenses --- Christian heresies --- Cathares --- Hérésies chrétiennes --- History --- Histoire --- Languedoc (France) --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- Heresies, Christian --- History. --- Church history. --- Hérésies chrétiennes --- Albigensians --- Cathari --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Inquisition --- Trials (Heresy) --- Nomads --- Nomadic peoples --- Nomadism --- Pastoral peoples --- Vagabonds --- Wanderers --- Persons --- Herders --- Heresy --- Holy Office --- Autos-da-fé --- Arts and Humanities