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The notion of a superior ‘Germanic’ or ‘Nordic’ race was a central theme in the ideology of the Nazis. But it was also a commonly accepted idea in the early twentieth century, and an actual scientific concept originating from anthropological research on the physical characteristics of Europeans. The Scandinavian Peninsula was considered to be the historical cradle and the core area of this ‘master race’. This book investigates the role played by Scandinavian scholars in inventing this so-called superior race, and discusses how this concept put its stamp on Norwegian physical anthropology, prehistory, national identity, and on the Norwegian eugenics movement. It also explores the decline and scientific disputation of these ideas in the 1930s as they came to be associated with the ‘genetic cleansing’ of Nazi Germany. This is the first comprehensive study on Norwegian physical anthropology, and its findings shed new light on current political and scientific debates about race across the globe.
Physical anthropology --- Anthropometry --- Craniometry --- History. --- Skull --- Skeletal remains --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Measurement --- Cephalometry --- Craniology --- Body size --- Anthropology --- Human biology --- Nazi ideology --- anthropology --- scientific discourse --- eugenics
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Etrange légende. L'homme ne serait qu'un accident génétique, une erreur de la vie. Quelle est donc cette malédiction du XXe siècle, cette croyance, version néodarwinienne de nos origines ? En 1987, une importante découverte en paléontologie humaine montre comment les crânes se sont transformés depuis soixante millions d'années, des plus anciens fossiles jusqu'à l'homme. Tout se passe, au cours du développement embryonnaire, d'une façon logique et ordonnée, et non pas hasardeuse. La science dévoile une loi. C'est une véritable révolution : l'homme découvre qu'il est un processus en cours. Anne Dambricourt présente cette découverte qui touche directement nos origines. Parce qu'elle est scientifique, elle soumet les éléments du débat. Parce qu'elle s'interroge sur les origines de la pensée, elle confronte ses résultats aux réflexions de Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Parce que sa recherche personnelle l'a conduite de l'athéisme à la compréhension du sens de la foi, elle met en lumière les dangers spirituels de la récupération du néodarwinisme par l'athéisme. Parce qu'elle est femme, enfin, elle nous parle de l'homme, non pas comme d'une simple mécanique biologique, mais comme d'une personne humaine, l'autre, l'enfant porté et attendu, auquel la mère accepte de dire oui, un oui dont la source mystérieuse et essentielle reste l'amour.
evolutietheorie (darwinisme) --- théorie de l'évolution (darwinisme) --- Human evolution --- Physical anthropology. --- Philosophy. --- Physical anthropology --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Philosophy --- Anthropology --- Human biology
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Physical anthropology --- Anthropology, Physical. --- Biological Evolution. --- Physical anthropology. --- Argentina. --- biological anthropology --- physical anthropology --- evolution and human variation --- primatology --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Anthropology --- Human biology --- Evolution, Biological --- Sociobiology --- Physical Anthropology --- Argenṭinah --- Argenṭine --- Argentine Confederation --- Argentine Nation --- Argentine Republic --- Confederación Argentina --- Nación Argentina --- República Argentina --- South America --- Aruzenchin
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Physical anthropology --- Anthropology --- Anthropology, Physical. --- Anthropology. --- Physical anthropology. --- Physical Anthropology --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- physical anthropology --- human biology --- evolution and human variation --- Human biology --- Human beings --- Anthropology, Physical --- Periodicals. --- Antropologia física. --- Antropobiologia --- Antropologia biològica --- Somatologia --- Antropologia --- Antropologia dental --- Antropologia forense --- Antropometria --- Color de la pell --- Craniologia --- Evolució humana --- Genètica humana --- Paleoantropologia --- Raça --- Primats --- Biologia humana --- Primitive societies
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The theory of evolution has clearly altered our views of the biological world, but in the study of human beings, evolutionary and preevolutionary views continue to coexist in a state of perpetual tension. The Taming of Evolution addresses the questions of how and why this is so. Davydd Greenwood offers a sustained critique of the nature/nurture debate, revealing the complexity of the relationship between science and ideology. He maintains that popular contemporary theories, most notably E. O. Wilson's human sociobiology and Marvin Harris's cultural materialism, represent pre-Darwinian notions overlaid by elaborate evolutionary terminology. Greenwood first details the humoral-environmental and Great Chain of Being theories that dominated Western thinking before Darwin. He systematically compares these ideas with those later influenced by Darwin's theories, illuminating the surprising continuities between them. Greenwood suggests that it would be neither difficult nor socially dangerous to develop a genuinely evolutionary understanding of human beings, so long as we realized that we could not derive political and moral standards from the study of biological processes.
Biological Evolution. --- Human evolution --- Nature and nurture --- Physical anthropology --- -Sociobiology --- Biologism --- Human biology --- Psychology, Comparative --- Social evolution --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Anthropology --- Environment --- Genetics and environment --- Heredity and environment --- Nature --- Nature versus nurture --- Nurture and nature --- Genetics --- Heredity --- Human beings --- Evolution (Biology) --- Evolutionary psychology --- Evolution, Biological --- Sociobiology --- Philosophy --- Social aspects --- Nurture --- Effect of environment on --- Origin --- Human evolution. --- Nature and nurture. --- Sociobiology. --- Philosophy. --- Biological Evolution --- Environment and genetics --- Environment and heredity --- Evolution
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Primates have unusual heads among mammals. Their big brains, relatively short faces and forward-facing eyes are part of a unique combination of traits that have captured the interest of biological anthropologists for decades. Describing the patterns of primate craniofacial evolution as well as sorting out the functional consequences of this evolutionary history has been fundamental in developing our current understanding of primates. Primate Craniofacial Function and Biology surveys current research on primate heads emphasizing the recent progress and diversity of functional studies into primate and mammalian craniofacial form. Much of the work included in this volume was inspired by William L. Hylander and his life-long contribution to research on primate craniofacial form and function.
Masticatory muscles. --- Physical anthropology. --- Primates --- Skull. --- Anatomy. --- Evolution. --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Anthropology --- Human biology --- Craniomandibular muscles --- Masticatory apparatus --- Muscles of mastication --- Muscles --- Brain case --- Braincase --- Brainpan --- Cranium --- Fontanel --- Fontanelle --- Bones --- Skeleton --- Head --- Evolution (Biology). --- Zoology. --- Animal physiology. --- Morphology (Animals). --- Developmental biology. --- Anthropology. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal Physiology. --- Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology. --- Developmental Biology. --- Human beings --- Development (Biology) --- Biology --- Growth --- Ontogeny --- Animal morphology --- Animals --- Body form in animals --- Zoology --- Morphology --- Animal physiology --- Anatomy --- Natural history --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Physiology --- Evolutionary biology. --- Animal anatomy. --- Animal anatomy
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Anthropology, Physical --- Physiological Processes --- Physical anthropology --- Anthropologie physique --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Anthropology, Physical. --- Physiological Phenomena. --- Physical anthropology. --- Social Sciences --- Anthropology --- physical anthropology --- human adaptability --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Human biology --- Physiological Concepts --- Physiological Phenomenon --- Physiological Process --- Concept, Physiological --- Concepts, Physiological --- Phenomena, Physiological --- Phenomenas, Physiological --- Phenomenon, Physiological --- Physiological Concept --- Process, Physiological --- Processes, Physiological --- Physical Anthropology --- Biological anthropology. Palaeoanthropology --- Physiological Phenomena --- Anthropologie physique. --- physical anthropology. --- Antropologia física. --- Antropobiologia --- Antropologia biològica --- Somatologia --- Antropologia --- Antropologia dental --- Antropologia forense --- Antropometria --- Color de la pell --- Craniologia --- Evolució humana --- Genètica humana --- Paleoantropologia --- Raça --- Primats --- Biologia humana
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In the present as in the past, the dead have been deployed to promote visions of identity, as well as ostensibly wider human values. Through a series of case studies from ancient Egypt through prehistoric, historic, and present-day Europe, this book discusses what is constant and what is locally and historically specific in our ways of interacting with the remains of the dead, their objects, and monuments. Postmortem interaction encompasses not only funerary rituals and intergenerational engagement with forebears, but also concerns encounters with the dead who died centuries and millennia ago. Drawing from a variety of disciplines such as archaeology, bioarchaeology, literary studies, ancient Egyptian philology, and sociocultural anthropology, this volume provides an interdisciplinary account of the ways in which the dead are able to transcend temporal distances and engender social relationships. Until quite recently, literary sciences and archaeology were generally regarded as incommensurable in their aims, methodologies, and source material. Although archaeologists and literary critics have been increasingly willing to borrow concepts and terminology from the other discipline, this book is one examples of a genuinely collaborative endeavor. This is an open access book.
Archaeology --- Anthropology --- Literature: history & criticism --- mortuary archaeology --- dead-body politics --- memory studies --- agency of the dead --- archaeological theory --- literary studies --- medieval relics --- mass graves --- burial monuments --- prehistoric graves --- History of Egyptian Sepulchral Monuments --- Iron Age in Northern Central Europe --- Historic Sources about the Uses of the Dead --- Literary Tombs in the Twelfth Century --- Archaeological Traces in Beowulf --- National Identity through Merovingian Burials --- Skeletal Remains of Saint Erik --- Dissolving Subjects in Medieval Reliquaries --- Shakespearean Exhumations --- Archaeology. --- Physical anthropology. --- Literature --- Physical-Biological Anthropology. --- Literary History. --- History and criticism. --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Evaluation of literature --- Criticism --- Literary style --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Human biology --- Archeology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Appraisal --- Evaluation
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Morphometrics has undergone a revolutionary transformation in the past two decades as new methods have been developed to address shortcomings in the traditional multivirate analysis of linear distances, angles, and indices. While there is much active research in the field, the new approaches to shape analysis are already making significant and ever-increasing contributions to biological research, including physical anthropology. Modern Morphometrics in Physical Anthropology highlights the basic machinery of the most important methods, while introducing novel extensions to these methods and illustrating how they provide enhanced results compared to more traditional approaches. Modern Morphometrics in Physical Anthropology provides a comprehensive sampling of the applications of modern, sophisticated methods of shape analysis in anthropology, and serves as a starting point for the exploration of these practices by students and researchers who might otherwise lack the local expertise or training to get started. This text is an important resource for the general morphometric community that includes ecologists, evolutionary biologists, systematists, and medical researchers.
Physical anthropology --- Morphology --- Anthropometry. --- Craniometry. --- Methodology. --- Mathematics. --- Computer simulation. --- Statistical methods. --- Skull --- Cephalometry --- Craniology --- Skeletal remains --- Body size --- Biological form --- Biological structure --- Comparative morphology --- Form in biology --- Structure in biology --- Anatomy, Comparative --- Morphogenesis --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Anthropology --- Human biology --- Measurement --- Anthropology. --- Ecology. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography. --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biology --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Human beings --- Ecology --- Ecology . --- Evolutionary biology. --- Animal systematics. --- Animal taxonomy. --- Animal classification --- Animal systematics --- Animal taxonomy --- Classification --- Systematic zoology --- Systematics (Zoology) --- Taxonomy, Animal --- Zoological classification --- Zoological systematics --- Zoological taxonomy --- Zoology --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences
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Olympic athletes --- Physical anthropology --- Human genetics --- Anthropometry --- Anthropology, Physical. --- Sport --- Genetics, Medical. --- Antropologie --- Genetica --- Sports Medicine. --- 572.087 --- 572.512 --- 612.6 --- 796.012 --- Athletes --- -Human genetics --- Biological anthropology --- Somatology --- Anthropology --- Human biology --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Sports persons --- Sportspeople --- Sportspersons --- Sports personnel --- Medicine, Sport --- Medicine, Sports --- Sport Medicine --- Psychology, Sports --- Physical Conditioning, Human --- Human Genetics --- Medical Genetics --- Genetics, Human --- Anthropology, Physical --- Chromosome Disorders --- Sex Chromosome Disorders --- Genetic Diseases, Inborn --- Molecular Medicine --- Physical Anthropology --- Anthropologie --- Génétique --- Antropometrie --- Metingen en proporties van het menselijk lichaam. Dimensies --- Voortplanting. Groei. Ontwikkeling --- Movement and motor functions: tests and measurement --- Human genetics. --- Physical anthropology. --- Genetics, Human. --- Sport medicine. --- Anthropometry. --- 796.012 Movement and motor functions: tests and measurement --- Genetics, Medical --- Sports Medicine --- Olympians (Olympic athletes) --- Olympics athletes
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