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Since the broad diffusion of Computer-Assisted survey tools (i.e. web surveys), a lively debate about innovative scales of measure arose among social scientists and practitioners. Implications are relevant for applied Statistics and evaluation research since while traditional scales collect ordinal observations, data from sliders can be interpreted as continuous. Literature, however, report excessive times of completion of the task from sliders in web surveys. This experimental protocol is aimed at testing hypotheses on the accuracy in prediction and dispersion of estimates from anonymous participants who are recruited online and randomly assigned into tasks in recognition of shades of colour. The treatment variable is two scales: a traditional multipoint 0-10 multipoint vs a slider 0-100. Shades have a unique parametrisation (true value) and participants have to guess the true value through the scale. These tasks are designed to recreate situations of uncertainty among participants while minimizing the subjective component of a perceptual assessment and maximizing information about scale-driven differences and biases. We propose to test statistical differences in the treatment variable: (i) mean absolute error from the true value (ii), time of completion of the task. To correct biases due to the variance in the number of completed tasks among participants, data about participants can be collected through both pre-tasks acceptance of web cookies and post-tasks explicit questions.

Slides (Photography)

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Photography in education. --- Slides (Photography)

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Visual education. --- Cognitive psychology. --- Psychology, Cognitive --- Cognitive science --- Psychology --- Education, Visual --- Visual instruction --- Object-teaching --- Audio-visual education --- Slides (Photography) --- Visual aids

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Within the field of education there is a growing body of research focused on the use of video as a mediational tool for reflection. The purpose of this volume is to bring together research and research-based practices from wide array of literacy scholars and practitioners who are using video in educational research and/or teaching and for the purposes of reflection. This volume will recruit authors internationally to provide a cutting edge treatment of video reflection as pertaining to literacy education. We seek educators including individuals involved with: teacher education, professional development, classroom teaching, evaluation, literacy practicums, centers and clinics or other educational settings. Inter-disciplinary chapters (e.g., science and literacy, the arts and literacy) are also welcome.

Literacy --- Visual education. --- Reading teachers --- Reading, Teachers of --- Teachers --- Education, Visual --- Visual instruction --- Object-teaching --- Audio-visual education --- Slides (Photography) --- Visual aids --- Illiteracy --- Education --- General education --- Study and teaching. --- Training of. --- Teachers' classroom resources & material. --- General.

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We find that data transparency policy reforms, reflected in subscriptions to the IMF’s Data Standards Initiatives (SDDS and GDDS), reduce the spreads of emerging market sovereign bonds. To overcome endogeneity issues regarding a country’s decision to adopt such reforms, we first show that the reform decision is largely independent of its macroeconomic development. By using an event study, we find that subscriptions to the SDDS or GDDS leads to a 15 percent reduction in the spreads one year following such reforms. This finding is robust to various sensitivity tests, including careful consideration of the interdependence among the structural reforms.

Transparencies. --- Audio-visual materials --- Pictures --- Slides (Photography) --- Banks and Banking --- Finance: General --- Investments: Bonds --- Data Transmission Systems --- International Finance: General --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Financial Institutions and Services: General --- Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects --- Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data --- Data Access --- Finance --- Investment & securities --- Data capture & analysis --- Sovereign bonds --- Yield curve --- Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS) --- Emerging and frontier financial markets --- Financial institutions --- Financial services --- Economic and financial statistics --- Financial markets --- Bonds --- Interest rates --- Data transmission systems --- Financial services industry --- United States