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This text explores how the public purpose doctrine reconciles the often conflicting, but equally binding, obligations that states have to engage in regulatory sovereignty while honoring host-state obligations to protect foreign investment. The work examines the multiple permutations and iterations of the public purpose doctrine and concludes that this principle needs to be reconceptualized to meet the imperatives of economic globalization and of a new paradigm of sovereignty that is based on the interdependence, and not independence, of states. It contends that the historical expression of the public purpose doctrine in customary and conventional international law is fraught with fundamental flaws that, if not corrected, will give rise to disparities in the relationship between investors and states, asymmetries with respect to industrialized nations and developing states, and, ultimately, process legitimacy concerns.

Public policy (International law) --- International law --- International and municipal law. --- Law --- Municipal and international law --- Influence --- International law influences

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European Union. --- International and municipal law --- -International law --- Law --- Municipal and international law --- International law --- Influence --- International law influences --- -International and municipal law --- E.U.

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International and municipal law. --- European Union countries. --- International law --- Law --- Municipal and international law --- Influence --- International law influences --- EU countries --- Euroland --- Europe

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We live in an interconnected world in which expressive and religious cultures increasingly commingle and collide. In a globalized and digitized era, we need to better understand the relationship between the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and international borders. This book focuses on the exercise and protection of cross-border and beyond-border expressive and religious liberties, and on the First Amendment's relationship to the world beyond US shores. It reveals a cosmopolitan First Amendment that protects cross-border conversation, facilitates the global spread of democratic principles, recognizes expressive and religious liberties regardless of location, is influential across the world, and encourages respectful engagement with the liberty regimes of other nations. The Cosmopolitan First Amendment is the product of historical, social, political, technological and legal developments. It examines the First Amendment's relationship to foreign travel, immigration, cross-border communication and association, religious activities that traverse international borders, conflicts among foreign and US speech and religious liberty models, and the conduct of international affairs and diplomacy.

Freedom of expression --- Law --- International and municipal law. --- International law --- Municipal and international law --- American influences. --- Influence --- International law influences --- United States. --- General and Others

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341 --- 100 Recht --- Internationaal recht. Volkenrecht --(algemeen) --- 341 Internationaal recht. Volkenrecht --(algemeen) --- International and municipal law --- Rule of law --- Supremacy of law --- Administrative law --- Constitutional law --- International law --- Law --- Municipal and international law --- Influence --- International law influences