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1998 (7)

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Analysis of SAR data of the polar oceans: recent advances
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3540628029 3642643345 3642602827 Year: 1998 Publisher: Berlin Springer

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Abstract

This book reviews recent advances in the use of SAR imagery for operational applications and for supporting science investigations of the polar oceans. The important parameters which can be extracted from spaceborne SAR imagery are discussed. Algorithms used in such analyses are described and data systems used in producing the sea ice products are provided.

Buoyant convection in geophysical flows
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 0792351762 9401061254 9401150583 9780792351764 Year: 1998 Volume: 513 Publisher: Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers,

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Studies of convection in geophysical flows constitute an advanced and rapidly developing area of research that is relevant to problems of the natural environment. During the last decade, significant progress has been achieved in the field as a result of both experimental studies and numerical modelling. This led to the principal revision of the widely held view on buoyancy-driven turbulent flows comprising an organised mean component with superimposed chaotic turbulence. An intermediate type of motion, represented by coherent structures, has been found to play a key role in geophysical boundary layers and in larger scale atmospheric and hydrospheric circulations driven by buoyant forcing. New aspects of the interaction between convective motions and rotation have recently been discovered and investigated. Extensive experimental data have also been collected on the role of convection in cloud dynamics and microphysics. New theoretical concepts and approaches have been outlined regarding scaling and parameterization of physical processes in buoyancy-driven geophysical flows. The book summarizes interdisciplinary studies of buoyancy effects in different media (atmosphere and hydrosphere) over a wide range of scales (small scale phenomena in unstably stratified and convectively mixed layers to deep convection in the atmosphere and ocean), by different research methods (field measurements, laboratory simulations, numerical modelling), and within a variety of application areas (dispersion of pollutants, weather forecasting, hazardous phenomena associated with buoyant forcing).

The atmospheric sciences : entering the twenty-first century
Author:
ISBN: 0309064155 0309517656 0585142785 9780585142784 9780309064156 0305064155 0309174295 9780309174299 9780309517652 Year: 1998 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press,

Physics of the space environment
Author:
ISBN: 052160768X 1316170683 1316176223 1316173917 051197034X 1316178080 0511529473 0511824254 1316175014 9781316178089 9780511529474 052159264X 9780521592642 9780521607681 Year: 1998 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the physical phenomena that result from the interaction of the sun and the planets - often termed space weather. Physics of the Space Environment explores the basic processes in the Sun, in the interplanetary medium, in the near-Earth space, and down into the atmosphere. The first part of the book summarizes fundamental elements of transport theory relevant for the atmosphere, ionosphere and the magnetosphere. This theory is then applied to physical phenomena in the space environment. The fundamental physical processes are emphasized throughout, and basic concepts and methods are derived from first principles. This book is unique in its balanced treatment of space plasma and aeronomical phenomena. Students and researchers with a basic mathematics and physics background will find this book invaluable in the study of phenomena in the space environment.

The impacts of climate variability on forests.
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3540691073 3540646817 Year: 1998 Publisher: Berlin Springer

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This volume contains a selection of scientific papers which were presented at an international workshop on the impacts of climatic variability held in Wengen, Switzerland, September 1997. For the first time, an assessment is made of the interactions between physical and biological elements of the Earth System on the basis of shifts in extreme climatic conditions, rather than simply changes in mean atmospheric conditions which research has tended to focus on until recently. Natural ecosystems and forests are typical examples of systems which, while constrained within certain ranges of mean climate, can undergo rapid and often irreversible damage in the face of short-lived but intense extreme events.

Keywords

Climatic changes --- Forests and forestry --- Meteorology & Climatology --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- 630*11 --- 551.586 --- 551.583 --- -Climatic changes --- -Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Natural resources --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- 551.583 Variations of climate. Climatic change --- Variations of climate. Climatic change --- 551.586 Biometeorology. Bioclimatology. Agroclimatoloy --- Biometeorology. Bioclimatology. Agroclimatoloy --- 630*11 Site factors. Climate, situation, soil in forestry. Forest hydrology and meteorology --- Site factors. Climate, situation, soil in forestry. Forest hydrology and meteorology --- Congresses --- Environmental aspects --- -Congresses --- -551.583 Variations of climate. Climatic change --- Changes, Climatic --- Environmental aspects&delete& --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Air pollution. --- Agriculture. --- Forestry. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Pollution --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Control --- Global environmental change

Carbon dioxide mitigation in forestry and wood industry
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3540634339 3642083307 3662036088 Year: 1998 Publisher: Berlin Springer

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Abstract

The lntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has recently summarized the state ofthe art in research on climate change (Climate Change 1995). The most up to date research findings have been divided into three volumes: • the Science ofClimate Change (working group I), • the Impacts, Adaption and Mitigation of Climate Change (working group II), and • the Economic and Social Dimensions ofClimate Change (working group III) There is a general consensus that a serious change in climate can only be avoided if the future emissions of greenhouse gases are reduced considerably from the business as usual projection and if at the same time the natural sinks for greenhouse gases, in particular that of CO , are maintained at the present level or 2 preferrably increased. Forests, forestry and forestry industry are important parts of the global carbon cycle and therefore they are also part of the mitigation potentials in at least a threefold way: 1. During the time period between 1980 and 1989 there was a net emission of CO from changes in tropical land use (mostly tropical deforestation) of 2 1. 6 +/- 1 GtC/a, but at the same time it was estimated that the forests in the northem hemisphere have taken up 0. 5 +/- 0. 5 GtC/a and additionally other terrestrial sinks (including tropical forests where no clearing took place) have been a carbon sink ofthe order of l. 3 +/- l.

Keywords

Plant ecology. Plant sociology --- Forestry --- 630*1 --- 630*8 --- 630*9 --- 550.46 --- 551.510.4 --- Carbon dioxide mitigation --- -Forest management --- -#ABIB:abos --- Forest administration --- Forest plants --- Forest resource administration --- Forest resource management --- Forest stewardship --- Forest vegetation management --- Forestry management --- Forests and forestry --- Stewardship, Forest --- Vegetation management, Forest --- Ecosystem management --- Natural resources --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Pollution prevention --- Environmental factors in forestry. Forest biology --- Forest products and their utilization --- Forests and forestry from the national point of view. Forestry policy. Afforestation policy. Social economics of forestry --- Geochemistry and geochemical action of the hydrosphere and atmosphere --- Composition of the atmosphere. Impurities. Dust --- Congresses --- Environmental aspects --- -Congresses --- Management --- Administration --- Control --- Forest management --- Congresses. --- 551.510.4 Composition of the atmosphere. Impurities. Dust --- 550.46 Geochemistry and geochemical action of the hydrosphere and atmosphere --- 630*9 Forests and forestry from the national point of view. Forestry policy. Afforestation policy. Social economics of forestry --- 630*8 Forest products and their utilization --- 630*1 Environmental factors in forestry. Forest biology --- Carbon dioxide capture --- #ABIB:abos --- Environmental aspects&delete& --- Air pollution. --- Agriculture. --- Forestry. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Environmental economics. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Environmental Economics. --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Forest land --- Forest lands --- Forest planting --- Forest production --- Forest sciences --- Forestation --- Forested lands --- Forestland --- Forestlands --- Forestry industry --- Forestry sciences --- Land, Forest --- Lands, Forest --- Silviculture --- Sylviculture --- Woodlands --- Woods (Forests) --- Agriculture --- Afforestation --- Arboriculture --- Logging --- Timber --- Tree crops --- Trees --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Air --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Pollution --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Economic aspects

Lowering the cost of emission reduction : joint implementation in the Framework Convention on Climate Change
Author:
ISBN: 0792349148 9401062110 940115256X Year: 1998 Volume: 10 Publisher: Boston, Mass. Dordrecht London Kuwer Academic Publishers

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Lowering the Cost of Emission Reduction by Dr Michael Ridley investigates a novel way to reduce the cost of carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide emission reduction. This book asks whether allowing countries to substitute emission reduction undertaken abroad in lieu of emission reduction at home will reduce the cost of emission reduction and allow more rapid and acute falls in pollution. Analysing US Department of Energy data on US emission reduction projects undertaken in Eastern Europe and Central America, this book explains differences in the cost of emission reduction by method and by country. The book sets out the conditions that would allow a joint implementation system to evolve into a full-blown tradable permits system. Political and practical objections to joint implementation are aired and addressed. This book is targeted at the environmental policy community, government officials, academics, the NGO community, economists and financiers, members of large corporations and museum educators everywhere.

Keywords

Air--Pollution--Emissions trading --- Atmosphère--Pollution--Échanges des droits d'émission --- Autorisations en matière d'environnement --- Belasting op koolstofuitstoot --- Bourse climatique --- Bourse du dioxyde de carbone --- Carbon taxes --- Certificats de droits à polluer --- Crédits d'émission (Environnement) --- Droits d'émission (Environnement) --- Droits de polluer --- Emissiehandel --- Emissions credit trading --- Emissions right trading --- Emissions trading --- Handel in emissierechten --- Marché de droits à polluer --- Marché des droits de polluer --- Marché des permis de polluer --- Marché des quotas d'émission (Environnement) --- Marché du dioxyde de carbone --- Permis d'émission (Environnement) --- Permis d'émission négociables (Environnement) --- Permis de pollution négociables --- Quotas d'émission (Environnement) --- Quotas environnementaux --- Taxes carbones --- Trading emissions credits --- Échange des droits d'émission (Environnement) --- Échanges des droits d'émission (Environnement) --- Échanges des droits de polluer --- Échanges des permis de pollution --- Échanges des quotas d'émission (Environnement) --- Écopoints --- Émissions négociables (Environnement) --- Air --- Carbon taxes. --- Emissions trading. --- Pollution --- Economic aspects. --- Economic aspects --- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) --- Environmental management. --- Environmental economics. --- Environmental law. --- Environmental policy. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Air pollution. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental Economics. --- Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution. --- Air contaminants --- Air pollutants --- Air pollution --- Air pollution control --- Air toxics --- Airborne pollutants --- Atmosphere --- Contaminants, Air --- Control of air pollution --- Pollutants, Air --- Toxics, Air --- Air quality --- Atmospheric deposition --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Environment and state --- Environmental control --- Environmental management --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- Environment law --- Environmental policy --- Law --- Sustainable development --- Economics --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Control --- Government policy --- Law and legislation --- Environmental aspects --- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change --- Carbon tax --- Environmental impact charges --- Emissions rights trading --- Marketable permits for carbon dioxide emissions --- Tradeable emission permits --- Carbon offsetting --- Climate Change Convention --- Convention cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques --- FC --- FCCC --- Förenta Nationernas konvention om klimatförändringar --- Förenta Nationernas ramkonvention om klimatförändringar --- Framework Convention on Climate Change --- Kihu Pyŏnhwa e kwanhan Kukche Yŏnhap Kibon Hyŏbyak --- UN Climate Change Convention --- UN-FCCC --- UN Framework Convention on Climate Change --- UNFCCC --- United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change --- Convention on Climate Change

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