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LITERATURE AND SCIENCES --- PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE --- SCIENCE --- STUDY AND TEACHING

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Quels rapports, depuis les commencements, les philosophes ontils noués avec la science ? Il ne s'agit pas ici de dresser l'inventaire des problèmes philosophiques que soulèvent les sciences ou la science, ni d'évaluer les réponses qui y furent apportées, mais, à l'inverse, de s'interroger sur les manières multiples dont les philosophes se sont représenté la science - état d'un sujet connaissant ou activité savante - système d'énoncés ou méthode de recherche, voire ensemble de disciplines constituées - et les problèmes afférents à chacune de ces représentations. A l'exhaustivité historique, il a été préféré le questionnement philosophique. L'ouvrage se déploie à partir de quatre grandes problématiques : " La science " ? (Platon ; Descartes, Newton ; Leibniz ; L'Encyclopédie ; Carnap) ; Critiques et limites de la science (empirisme et scepticisme anglais ; Kant ; Bergson, Brunschvicg ; Heidegger ; Wittgenstein) ; Science et naturalisme (Aristote ; Mach ; Bolzano ; Husserl ; Quine) Science, histoire et société (Comte ; Durkheim ; l'école de Francfort ; Bachelard, Canguilhem, Foucault ; logique de la science et révolutions scientifiques).

Philosophy and science - History --- Science - Philosophy - History --- Philosophes --- Philosophie des sciences --- Philosophie et sciences --- Philosophy and science --- Science

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God --- Philosophical anthropology --- Philosophy and science --- Metaphysics --- Mysticism --- Dieu --- Anthropologie philosophique --- Philosophie et sciences --- Métaphysique --- Mysticisme --- Métaphysique --- Physique --- Philosophie

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Filosofie en wetenschap --- Philosophie et science --- Philosophy and science --- Philosophy and science. --- Science --- 1 --- 5 --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Science and philosophy --- Philosophy. --- Filosofie. Psychologie --- Wiskunde. Natuurwetenschappen --- 5 Wiskunde. Natuurwetenschappen --- 1 Filosofie. Psychologie --- Philosophy --- 5 Mathematics. Natural sciences --- Mathematics. Natural sciences --- 1 Philosophy. Psychology --- Philosophy. Psychology

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This book tackles the question of the symbolic structure of physics, a topic which is implicit in any theory of knowledge, but one that often seems to be ignored as an explicit and central element in today's epistemological debates. The elucidation of this problem should benefit a number of ongoing discussions and can help to avoid much recurring confusion. The contributions to the book have been chosen so as to provide a coherent view, ultimately addressing the relation between the concepts used in science and the real world. The first part provides an introduction to the problem as it arises in physics, and to the modern history of symbols. The subject of the second part is the epistemological discussion taking place between physicists and philosophers about the role of symbols in our knowledge of Nature. The third part addresses key issues related to the methodology of physics and the character of its symbolic structures. The aim of this book is to provide a consistent, if not comprehensive, view, emphasizing aspects that are paradigmatic for the natural sciences as a whole.

Physics --- Semiotics --- Signs and symbols. --- Philosophy. --- Physics. --- Philosophy and science. --- Epistemology. --- History and Philosophical Foundations of Physics. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Science and philosophy --- Science --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics