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Geology --- Earth & Atmospheric Sciences. --- Geology.

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Dürresommer 2003, Hochwasser 2002, Lawinenwinter 1999/2000, Wintersturm Lothar 1999: Vier zentral-europäische Naturkatastrophen der letzten Jahre. Mit welchen extremen Wetterereignissen müssen wir in Zukunft rechnen? Welche wirtschaftlichen Folgen sind damit verbunden? Wie können sich besonders gefährdete Wirtschaftsbranchen vor zu großer Schadenswirkung schützen? Welche Aufgaben muss dabei die Politik übernehmen? Dies sind die zentralen Kernfragen des vorliegenden Buches, in dem erstmals KlimaforscherInnen gemeinsam mit VertreterInnen der Wirtschaftsbranchen dieses aktuelle Problemfeld behandeln.

Climate change. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Environmental economics. --- Environmental management. --- Ecotoxicology. --- Climate Change. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Environmental Economics. --- Environmental Management. --- Ecotoxicology.

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Based on data from an experiment which ran for ten years, this book summarizes the results of the Atmospheric Physics Department of the St. Petersburg University and the Main Geophysical Observatory. The processed data now forms a rich dataset of spectral values of radiative characteristics under different atmospheric conditions. The analysis of this database clearly shows that the solar radiative absorption in a dusty and cloudy atmosphere is significantly higher than assumed to date. Both graduate students of atmospheric sciences as well as scientists and researchers in the field of meteorology and climatology will find a wealth of new data and information in this monograph.

Solar radiation --- Meteorology. --- Aerology --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Atmospheric science --- Planetology. --- Physical geography. --- Astrophysics. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics). --- Geography --- Planetary sciences --- Planetology --- Astronomical physics --- Astronomy --- Cosmic physics --- Physics --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Geophysics. --- Space sciences. --- Science and space --- Space research --- Cosmology --- Science --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Atmospheric sciences

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This volume is the latest of eight books as a result of the activities of the scientific program on ”The Response of the Earth System to Impact Processes” (IMPACT) of the European Science Foundation (ESF). The ESF is the European association of national funding organisations of fundamental research, with more than 60 member organisations from more than 20 countries. One of the main goals of ESF is to bring European scientists together to work on topics of common interest. The ESF IMPACT program deals with all aspect of impact research, mainly through the organisation of workshops, exchange program, short course, and related activities. An important aspect of the program is to stimulate interdisciplinary and international research. Impacts of asteroids or comets on the earth surface have played an important role in the evolution of the planet. The ESF IMPACT program is an interdisciplinary program aimed at understanding impact processes and their effect on the earth system, including environmental, biological, and geological changes, and consequences for the biodiversity of ecosystems. The key goal of the program, to comprehend the processes that are responsible for these interactions, has been met with by eight workshops and published proceedings from these. The workshop from which this volume resulted, was devoted to impact tectonic studies. It was located in the small town of Mora in the western part of the ring basin of the very large Siljan impact structure in Sweden.

Cryptoexplosion structures --- Geology, Structural --- Craters, Crypto-explosion --- Crypto-explosion craters --- Cryptoexplosive structures --- Cryptovolcanic structures --- Structures, Cryptoexplosion --- Geology. --- Physical geography. --- Geomorphology. --- Geophysics/Geodesy. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Geography --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Geophysics. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Atmospheric sciences --- Atmosphere --- Geological physics --- Terrestrial physics --- Physics --- Geomorphic geology --- Physiography --- Physical geography --- Landforms

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Soil moisture plays an important role in the runoff process, and its evaluation can be used as a marker of flood risk or drought occurrence. The data is also required to validate the soil moisture component in a variety of soil types of hydrologic models before a possible flood event, and potentially improves the accuracy of their prediction. Keeping the above in view, enormous efforts have gone into measurement of soil moisture by in situ and remote sensing techniques using microwaves. The subject still remains an important point of investigation for it depends upon a number of parameters, for example, texture, topography and shows space and temporal variability. The advantages of both passive and active remote sensing techniques are discussed in detail. The book begins with the basics of soil physics and the soil moisture. Soil moisture measurement techniques presented are confined to microwave frequencies. A summary of theoretical models and a mix-up of experimental and theoretical details is included to offer a comparison. A special chapter is added on an upcoming technique of synthetic aperture radar. The book finally concludes with a summary of recent trends and techniques with a possible direction for future work. The book is primarily aimed to benefit postgraduates and researchers in the area of soil, agriculture physics and microwave remote sensing. The aim is to initiate beginners in the subject. The author will consider his efforts rewarded if it succeeds in such an endeavor.

Remote sensing. --- Soil moisture. --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Moisture of soils --- Soil water --- Groundwater --- Soil physics --- Soil infiltration rate --- Soils, Irrigated --- Sedimentology. --- Soil conservation. --- Agriculture. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Petrology --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Soil science. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Agriculture