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Contextualism has become one of the leading paradigms in contemporary epistemology. According to this view, there is no context-independent standard of knowledge, and as a result, all knowledge ascriptions are context-sensitive. Contextualists contend that their account of this analysis allows us to resolve some major epistemological problems such as skeptical paradoxes and the lottery paradox, and that it helps us explain various other linguistic data about knowledge ascriptions. The apparent ease with which contextualism seems to solve numerous epistemological quandaries has inspired the burgeoning interest in it. This comprehensive anthology collects twenty original essays and critical commentaries on different aspects of contextualism, written by leading philosophers on the topic. The editors' introduction sketches the historical development of the contextualist movement and provides a survey and analysis of its arguments and major positions. The papers explore, inter alia, the central problems and prospects of semantic (or conversational) contextualism and its main alternative approaches such as inferential (or issue) contextualism, epistemic contextualism, and virtue contextualism. They also investigate the connections between contextualism and epistemic particularism, and between contextualism and stability accounts of knowledge. Elke Brendel is Professor of Philosophy at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, Germany. She has published numerous articles on logic, epistemology, the philosophy of science, and the philosophy of language. She is the author of Die Wahrheit über den Lügner (The Truth About the Liar, 1992), Grundzüge der Logik II - Klassen, Relationen, Zahlen (Foundations of Logic II - Sets, Relations, Numbers, with Wilhelm K. Essler, 1993), and Wahrheit und Wissen (Truth and Knowledge, 1999). Christoph Jäger is Lecturer in Philosophy at Aberdeen University, United Kingdom, and Privatdozent of Philosophy (honorary office) at the University of Leipzig, Germany. He has published numerous articles on epistemology, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of religion. Books: Selbstreferenz und Selbstbewusstsein (Self-reference and Self-knowledge, 1999), Analytische Religionsphilosophie (Analytic Philosophy of Religion, ed., 1998), Kunst und Erkenntnis (Art and Knowledge, ed., with Georg Meggle, 2004), Religion und Rationalität (Religion and Rationality, forthcoming).

Theory of knowledge --- epistomologie --- kennisleer

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What follows is a translation of Phantasie, Bildbewusstsein, 1 Erinnerung (1898-1925), Volume XXIII in the Husserliana series, the critical edition of the works of Edmund Husserl. Husserliana XXIII brings together a broad range of posthumous texts on p- ception, phantasy, image consciousness, memory, time, and a variety of related topics. They were written during a period of enormous productivity and pivotal development in Husserl's philosophical life, reaching from the years immediately preceding the publication of the Logical Investigations (1900-1901) almost to the time of his reti- ment in 1928. As Eduard Marbach, the editor of Husserliana XXIII points out, Husserl formulated grand plans early in the last century for the s- tematic development and presentation of his thought, particularly of the phenomenology of reason. Part of this project would consist of 2 a ˜very comprehensive work on perception, phantasy, and time. '  Husserl never in fact realized his idea of exploring these topics c- lectively in a single work, but he did offer courses and write sketches touching on all of them. A selection of these materials, mainly from the ?rst decade of the last century and devoted to time consciousness, 3 was published in 1928 in Husserl's Jahrbuch with a brief foreword 1 Edmund Husserl, Phantasie, Bildbewusstsein, Erinnerung. Zur Phanomenolo ¨ gie der anschaulichen Vergegenwartigung ¨ en. Texte aus dem Nachlass (1898-1925). Husserliana XXIII, hrsg. Eduard Marbach (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1980). Page references to Husserliana XIII will be included in parentheses within the text.

Philosophy --- Psychology --- Theory of knowledge --- filosofie --- epistomologie --- kennisleer --- existentialisme --- persoonlijkheidsleer

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Theory of knowledge --- Didactics of mathematics --- didactiek --- epistomologie --- kennisleer --- wiskunde

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Genetic epistemology --- Cognition in children --- Epistémologie génétique --- Cognition chez l'enfant --- BPB0510 --- 165 --- Kennisleer. Epistemologie --- 165 Kennisleer. Epistemologie --- Genetic epistemology. --- Epistémologie génétique

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During its century-long unfolding, spreading in numerous directions, Husserlian phenomenology while loosening inner articulations, has nevertheless maintained a somewhat consistent profile. As we see in this collection, the numerous conceptions and theories advanced in the various phases of reinterpretations have remained identifiable with phenomenology. What conveys this consistency in virtue of which innumerable types of inquiry-scientific, social, artistic, literary - may consider themselves phenomenological? Is it not the quintessence of the phenomenological quest, namely our seeking to reach the very foundations of reality at all its constitutive levels by pursuing its logos? Inquiring into the logos of the phenomenological quest we discover, indeed, all the main constitutive spheres of reality and of the human subject involved in it, and concurrently, the logos itself comes to light in the radiation of its force (Tymieniecka).

Philosophy --- Metaphysics --- Psychology --- Theory of knowledge --- filosofie --- epistomologie --- kennisleer --- existentialisme --- persoonlijkheidsleer --- metafysica