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The use of static analysis techniques to prove the partial correctness of C code has recently attracted much attention due to the high cost of software errors - particularly with respect to security vulnerabilities. However, research into new analysis techniques is often hampered by the technical difficulties of analysing accesses through pointers, pointer arithmetic, coercion between types, integer wrap-around and other low-level behaviour. Axel Simon provides a concise, yet formal description of a value-range analysis that soundly approximates the semantics of C programs using systems of linear inequalities (polyhedra). The analysis is formally specified down to the bit-level while providing a precise approximation of all low-level aspects of C using polyhedral operations and, as such, it provides a basis for implementing new analyses that are aimed at verifying higher-level program properties precisely. One example of such an analysis is the tracking of the NUL position in C string buffers, which is shown as an extension to the basic analysis and which thereby demonstrates the modularity of the approach. While the book focuses on a sound analysis of C, it will be useful to any researcher and student with an interest in static analysis of real-world programming languages. In fact, many concepts presented here carry over to other languages such as Java or assembler, to other applications such as taint analysis, array and shape analysis and possibly even to other approaches such as run-time verification and test data generation.

Computer Science. --- Logics and Meanings of Programs. --- Software Engineering. --- Numeric Computing. --- Computer science. --- Software engineering. --- Logic design. --- Electronic data processing. --- Informatique --- Génie logiciel --- Structure logique --- C (Computer program language). --- Memory management (Computer science). --- C (Computer program language) --- Memory management (Computer science) --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Management of computer memory --- Programming languages (Electronic computers). --- Computer logic. --- Numerical analysis. --- Programming Languages, Compilers, Interpreters. --- Computer storage devices --- Loop tiling (Computer science) --- ADP (Data processing) --- Automatic data processing --- Data processing --- EDP (Data processing) --- IDP (Data processing) --- Integrated data processing --- Computers --- Office practice --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Design, Logic --- Design of logic systems --- Digital electronics --- Electronic circuit design --- Logic circuits --- Machine theory --- Switching theory --- Informatics --- Science --- Automation --- Mathematical analysis --- Computer science logic --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Computer languages --- Computer program languages --- Computer programming languages --- Machine language --- Electronic data processing --- Languages, Artificial

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How to develop innovative architectures based on emerging molecular devices? The simple yet ambitious objective of Molecular Electronics Materials, Devices and Applications is to give the reader the necessary information to understand the challenges and opportunities of this recent field of research. In order to provide a good overview and understanding, the main molecular devices are first presented. A complete set of presentation and discussion of the actual molecular architectures follows. Nevertheless, another goal of Molecular Electronics Materials, Devices and Applications is also to promote a practical approach. As a starting point for future developments, a pragmatic methodology for VHDL-AMS device modelling and circuit design based on experimental data is then proposed. It includes an original fault tolerant memory architecture based on molecular electronics. Academics, researchers, students, and “random” people looking for an exhaustive state of the art in nanotechnologies will find in Molecular Electronics Materials, Devices and Applications, accessible to most readers interested in sciences, the more complete reference on molecular electronics covering technologies, devices and architectures.

Electronic apparatus and appliances. --- Molecular electronics. --- Molectronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Electronic devices --- Electronics --- Physical instruments --- Scientific apparatus and instruments --- Electronic instruments --- Apparatus and appliances --- Electronics. --- Nanotechnology. --- Memory management (Computer scie. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Memory Structures. --- Memory management (Computer science) --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Management of computer memory --- Computer storage devices --- Loop tiling (Computer science) --- Microelectronics. --- Computer memory systems. --- Computer memory systems --- Computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Storage devices, Computer --- Computer input-output equipment --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Memory systems --- Storage devices

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics, PPAM 2007, held in Gdansk, Poland, in September 2007. The 63 revised full papers of the main conference presented together with 85 revised workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from over 250 initial submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on parallel/distributed architectures and mobile computing, numerical algorithms and parallel numerics, parallel and distributed non-numerical algorithms, environments and tools for as well as applications of parallel/distributed/grid computing, evolutionary computing, meta-heuristics and neural networks. The volume proceeds with the outcome of 11 workshops and minisymposia dealing with novel data formats and algorithms for dense linear algebra computations, combinatorial tools for parallel sparse matrix computations, grid applications and middleware, large scale computations on grids, models, algorithms and methodologies for grid-enabled computing environments, scheduling for parallel computing, language-based parallel programming models, performance evaluation of parallel applications on large-scale systems, parallel computational biology, high performance computing for engineering applications, and the minisymposium on interval analysis.

Parallel processing (Electronic computers) --- Mathematics --- Parallélisme (Informatique) --- Mathématiques --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Computer Science --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Math --- Computer science. --- Computer memory systems. --- Computer communication systems. --- Software engineering. --- Algorithms. --- Computer science --- Computer mathematics. --- Computer Science. --- Software Engineering/Programming and Operating Systems. --- Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity. --- Mathematics of Computing. --- Memory Structures. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. --- Mathematics. --- Computer mathematics --- Discrete mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Algorism --- Algebra --- Arithmetic --- Computer software engineering --- Engineering --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Network computers --- Computer memory systems --- Computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Storage devices, Computer --- Computer input-output equipment --- Memory management (Computer science) --- Informatics --- Science --- Foundations --- Distributed processing --- Memory systems --- Storage devices --- Computer software. --- Memory management (Computer scie. --- Software, Computer --- Computer systems --- Computer science—Mathematics. --- Computer storage devices. --- Memory management (Computer science). --- Computer networks. --- Mathematics—Data processing. --- Software Engineering. --- Computer Memory Structure. --- Management of computer memory --- Computer storage devices --- Loop tiling (Computer science)

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For the technological progress in communication technology it is necessary that the advanced studies in circuit and software design are accompanied with recent results of the technological research and physics in order to exceed its limitations. This book is a guide which treats many components used in mobile communications, and in particular focuses on non-volatile memories. It emerges following the conducting line of the non-volatile memory in the wireless system: On the one hand it develops the foundations of the interdisciplinary issues needed for design analysis and testing of the system. On the other hand it deals with many of the problems appearing when the systems are realized in industrial production. These cover the difficulties from the mobile system to the different types of non-volatile memories. The book explores memory cards, multichip technologies, and algorithms of the software management as well as error handling. It also presents techniques of assurance for the single components and a guide through the Datasheet lectures.

Wireless communication systems. --- Computer storage devices. --- Computer memory systems --- Computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Storage devices, Computer --- Computer input-output equipment --- Memory management (Computer science) --- Communication systems, Wireless --- Wireless data communication systems --- Wireless information networks --- Wireless telecommunication systems --- Telecommunication systems --- Memory systems --- Storage devices --- Systems engineering. --- Electronics. --- Telecommunication. --- Optical materials. --- Memory management (Computer scie. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Memory Structures. --- Optics --- Materials --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Telecommunications --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Engineering systems --- System engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial engineering --- System analysis --- Management of computer memory --- Computer storage devices --- Loop tiling (Computer science) --- Design and construction --- Electronic circuits. --- Microelectronics. --- Electrical engineering. --- Electronic materials. --- Computer memory systems. --- Electronic materials --- Electric engineering --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Electronics --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes

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A team of outstanding scientists in the field of modern magnetic nanotechnologies illustrates the state of the art in several areas of advanced magneto-electronic devices, magnetic micro-electromechanical systems and high density information storage technologies. The physics and chemistry of nano-scale systems have made rapid advances and there are real prospects of translating exciting scientific findings into a new generation of processes and high technology products with a potential impact on several industrial sectors. In particular the development of nano-structured magnetic materials plays a leading role in the increasing miniaturization of devices with superior performances. The application areas considered are: i) "magneto-electronics", where the control of electron spins in magnetic hetero-structures offers new and improved functionalities in devices of integrated digital electronics. Magnetic random access memories, MRAM are among the principal applications for new non-volatile RAM with fast dynamics, toward the pico-, femto-second range. ii) "magnetic MEMS" (micro-electro-mechanical systems), which are the integration of mechanical and electro/ferromagnetic elements (micro-actuators and sensors) with conventional electronics MEMS, promise a revolution in several product categories. In fact the proposed integration enables the development of smart products, where sensors can gather information from the environment by measuring thermal, magnetic, electric, mechanical, biological chemical, optical characteristics and the electronic section processes the information and the actuator promotes the action realizing a complete control of the environment. iii) "Magnetic recording" is a leading technology in the information storage domain and the most relevant application in the field of magnetics, showing surprising continuous progress over several decades towards the limit of terabit per square inch of areal density.>.

Nanoelectromechanical systems --- Nanostructures. --- Nanoscience --- Physics --- Nano-electro-mechanical systems --- Nanoelectromechanical devices --- Nanomechanical devices --- Nanomechanical machines --- Nanomechanical systems --- Nanometer scale devices --- Nanoscale devices --- Nanoscale electronic devices --- Nanostructured devices --- NEMS (Nanotechnology) --- Nanoelectronics --- Nanostructures --- Engineering. --- Information theory. --- Nanotechnology. --- Magnetism. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Memory management (Computer scie. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Theory of Computation. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films. --- Memory Structures. --- Memory management (Computer science) --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Mathematical physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Communication theory --- Communication --- Cybernetics --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Management of computer memory --- Computer storage devices --- Loop tiling (Computer science) --- Computers. --- Magnetic materials. --- Materials—Surfaces. --- Thin films. --- Computer memory systems. --- Computer memory systems --- Computers --- Electronic digital computers --- Storage devices, Computer --- Computer input-output equipment --- Films, Thin --- Solid film --- Solid state electronics --- Solids --- Coatings --- Thick films --- Materials --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Memory systems --- Storage devices --- Surfaces. --- Surface phenomena --- Friction --- Surfaces (Physics) --- Tribology --- Surfaces