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¿Tiene conciencia la ciencia? Sí, a través de los seres humanos que construyen los saberes científicos, porque el conocimiento, como tal, o es una experiencia o no es conocimiento. Por eso, la teoría del conocimiento siempre viene después, no antes de la experiencia. La pregunta que inicia el diálogo con la naturaleza no es nunca una pregunta por la esencia, sino por el dónde se encuentra el hombre y ese es el fundamento de la conciencia de la ciencia. En la pregunta por la realidad, la ciencia no es, desde luego, la única respuesta posible, pero sí constituye un camino privilegiado en la estructuración del entendimiento humano, que garda una estrechisima relación con la conciencia. Este ensayo encuentra su justificación en el fascinante contexto que rodea al quehacer científico, con su incoercible búsqueda por comprender por qué el mundo es como es y no de otro modo.

Philosophie des sciences --- Philosophie des sciences.

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Une étude de la phénoménologie appliquée aux concepts et aux pratiques scientifiques : logique, mathématiques, idéalisation, mesure, causalité, sciences cognitives, informatique et génétique. ©Electre 2016

Phénoménologie --- Philosophie des sciences --- Phenomenology --- Science --- Philosophy --- Phénoménologie --- Science - Philosophy

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Aristotle's study of the natural world plays a tremendously important part in his philosophical thought. He was very interested in the phenomena of motion, causation, place and time, and teleology, and his theoretical materials in this area are collected in his Physics, a treatise of eight books which has been very influential on later thinkers. This volume of new essays provides cutting-edge research on Aristotle's Physics, taking into account recent changes in the field of Aristotle in terms of its understanding of key concepts and preferred methodology. The contributions reassess the key concepts of the treatise (including nature, chance, teleology, art, and motion), reconstruct Aristotle's methods for the study of nature, and determine the boundaries of his natural philosophy. Because of the foundational nature of Aristotle's Physics itself, the volume will be a must-read for all scholars working on Aristotle.

Physics --- Philosophy, Ancient. --- Science --- Philosophie ancienne --- Sciences --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Aristotle. --- Physique --- Philosophie antique --- Philosophie des sciences --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Philosophy --- Aristote, --- Early works to 1800. --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Physics (Aristotle) --- Philosophie antique. --- Philosophie des sciences. --- Aristote --- Science - Philosophy

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Ce volume, constitué de près de 120 écrits, éclaire la pensée du philosophe et médecin français sur l'histoire des sciences, l'épistémologie, mais aussi sur le réexamen de sa philosophie biologique ainsi que sur sa réflexion éthique à propos de la technique et de la médecine. ©Electre 2018

Sciences --- Philosophie des sciences --- Philosophie --- Histoire --- Canguilhem, Georges, --- Science --- Political science --- Science politique --- Philosophy. --- History --- Philosophy --- Épistémologie. --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophie des sciences. --- Histoire. --- Filosofía. --- Política --- Philosophie. --- Philosophy of Science --- Epistemology --- Canguilhem, Georges --- Medicine --- Biology --- Life (Biology) --- Biologie --- Vie (biologie) --- Médecine --- Science - History --- Biology - Philosophy --- Medicine - Philosophy --- Politique.

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"People have always been xenophobic, but an explicit philosophical and scientific view of human racial difference only began to emerge during the modern period. Why and how did this happen? Surveying a range of philosophical and natural-scientific texts, dating from the Spanish Renaissance to the German Enlightenment, Nature, Human Nature, and Human Difference charts the evolution of the modern concept of race and shows that natural philosophy, particularly efforts to taxonomize and to order nature, played a crucial role. Smith demonstrates how the denial of moral equality between Europeans and non-Europeans resulted from converging philosophical and scientific developments, including a declining belief in human nature's universality and the rise of biological classification. The racial typing of human beings grew from the need to understand humanity within an all-encompassing system of nature, alongside plants, minerals, primates, and other animals. While racial difference as seen through science did not arise in order to justify the enslavement of people, it became a rationalization and buttress for the practices of trans-Atlantic slavery. From the work of François Bernier to G.W. Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, and others, Smith delves into philosophy's part in the legacy and damages of modern racism. With a broad narrative stretching over two centuries, Nature, Human Nature, and Human Difference takes a critical historical look at how the racial categories that we divide ourselves into came into being"--

Philosophy of nature --- History of philosophy --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophical anthropology --- Race --- Ethnicity --- Philosophy of nature. --- Science --- Evolution (Biology) --- Philosophy --- History --- Social science --- Philosophy. --- History & Surveys --- General. --- Social History. --- Discrimination & Race Relations. --- History. --- PHILOSOPHY / History & Surveys / General. --- HISTORY / Social History. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Discrimination & Race Relations. --- SCIENCE / History. --- Ethnicité --- Philosophie de la nature --- Sciences --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Philosophie --- Evolution (Biology). --- Philosophie des sciences --- Évolution (biologie) --- Ethnicité --- Philosophie de la nature. --- Philosophie des sciences. --- Philosophie. --- Évolution (biologie)