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Landed estates (shōen) produced much of the material wealth supporting all levels of late classical and medieval Japanese society. During the tenth through sixteenth centuries, estates served as sites of de facto government, trade network nodes, developing agricultural technology, and centers of religious practice and ritual. Although mostly farmland, many yielded nonagricultural products, including lumber, salt, fish, and silk, and provided livelihoods for craftsmen, seafarers, peddlers, and performers, as well as for cultivators. By the twelfth century, an estate "system" permeated much of the Japanese archipelago. This volume examines the system from three perspectives: the land itself; the power derived from and exerted over the land; and the religion institutions and individuals that were involved in landholding practices.Chapters by Japanese and Western scholars explore how the estate system arose, developed, and eventually collapsed. Several investigate a single estate or focus on agricultural techniques, while others survey estates in broad contexts such as economic change and maritime trade. Other chapters look at how we learn about estates by inspecting documents, landscape features, archaeological remains, and extant buildings and images; how representatives of every social stratum worked together to make the land productive and, conversely, how cooperative arrangements failed and rivals battled one another, making conflict as well as collaboration a hallmark of the system. On a more personal level, we follow the monk Chōgen's restoration of Ōbe Estate and his installation of a famous Amida triad in a temple he built on the premises; the strategies of royal ladies Jōsaimon'in, Hachijōin, and Kōkamon'in as they strove to keep their landholdings viable; and the murder of estate official Gorōzaemon, whose own neighbors killed him as a result of a much larger dispute between two powerful warrior families. Land, Power, and the Sacred represents a significant expansion and revision of our knowledge of medieval Japanese estates. A range of readers will welcome the primary source research and comparative perspectives it offers; those who do not specialize in Japanese medieval history but recognize the value of teaching the history of estates will find a chapter devoted to the topic invaluable.Contributors and translators: Kristina BuhrmaMichelle DamianDavid EasonSakurai Eiji (translated by Ethan Segal)Philip GarrettJanet R. GoodwinYoshiko KainumaRieko Kamei-DycheSachiko KawaiHirota Kōji (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Ōyama Kyōhei (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Nagamura Makoto (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Endō Motoo (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Joan R. PiggottEthan SegalDan ShererKimura Shigemitsu (translated by Kristina Buhrman)Noda Taizō (translated by David Eason)Nishida Takeshi (translated by Michelle Damian)

Manors --- Land tenure --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Dwellings --- Village communities --- History --- Japan

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In spite of its privileged place on the African continent, in the Muslim world and in the Middle East and North Africa region, Algeria remains poorly known, and the works relating to contemporary Algerian society published outside of Algeria are rare. This book seeks to contribute to our understanding of Algerian society today, through its relationships to property and to law. Beyond this, the objective is to propose, in a comparative perspective proper to anthropology, new theoretical and methodological perspectives by which to apprehend the anthropology of law in a Muslim context. Algeria, as a post-colonial and post-Socialist State, whose population is overwhelmingly Muslim, proves to be a particularly interesting case to study. Contributors are: Hichem Amichi, Emilie Barraud, Ammar Belhimer, Yazid Ben Hounet, Nejm Benessaiah, Sami Bouarfa, Tarik Dahou, Baudouin Dupret, Marcel Kuper, Judith Scheele, Alice Wilson.

Land tenure --- Real property --- Real property (Islamic law) --- Islamic law --- Cadastral surveys --- Catastral surveys --- Freehold --- Limitations (Law) --- Property, Real --- Real estate --- Real estate law --- Realty --- Property --- Rent --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Law and legislation

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Based on a detailed investigation of local sources, this book examines the history of the landed estate system in England since the mid-seventeenth century. Over recent centuries England was increasingly occupied by landed estates run by locally dominant and nationally influential owners. Historically, newcomers adopted the behaviour of existing landowners, all of whom presided over a relatively impoverished mass of rural inhabitants. Preferences for privacy and fine views led landowners to demolish or remove some whole villages. Alongside extensive landscape remodelling, rights-of-way were often privatised, imposing a cost on the economy. Social and environmental implications of the landed system as a whole are discussed and particular attention is paid to the nineteenth-century investment of industrial profits in estates. Why was the system so attractive and how was it perpetuated? Matters of poverty and inequality have always been of perennial interest to scholars of many persuasions and to the educated public; with this important book surveying environmental concerns in addition. .

Land tenure --- History. --- Economic aspects --- Social aspects --- Economic history. --- Agricultural economics. --- Environmental economics. --- Economics. --- Economic History. --- Agricultural Economics. --- Environmental Economics. --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Agrarian question --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural production economics --- Agriculture --- Production economics, Agricultural --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Environmental quality --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects.

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Entre los años 2002 y 2006, dos equipos multidisciplinarios de investigadores mexicanos y franceses, coincidieron en su interés común sobre determinados aspectos sociales y territoriales del sotavento veracruzano. La confluencia de miembros de estos grupos de investigación en el municipio de Playa Vicente propició el intercambio de experiencias a lo largo fie varios años, tanto en recorridos de campo, como en repetidas sesiones de trabajo de gabinete. Este libro surge a partir de estos diálogos interdisciplinarios que se desarrollaron en un marco y redes institucionales también comunes. Los autores decidieron unir esfuerzos para dar a conocer parte de sus resultados de trabajo, especialmente porque son escasas las investigaciones desarrolladas en este fascinante ámbito espacial sotaventino. Para comprender la larga historia de la ocupación y construcción de este espacio, consideraron apropiado partir de una perspectiva de larga duración, relatando acontecimientos surgidos en disputas coloniales por la tierra, hasta llegar a la compleja realidad actual de este municipio ubicado en el trópico húmedo del sureste mexicano.

Human ecology --- Land tenure --- Playa Vicente (Mexico : Municipio) --- History. --- Economic conditions. --- Social conditions. --- Human geography --- Land use --- Livestock --- Indians --- Local history --- Mexico --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Ecology --- Environment, Human --- Human beings --- Human environment --- Ecological engineering --- Nature --- Social aspects --- Effect of environment on --- Effect of human beings on

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Over the past decade India has witnessed a number of land wars that have centred crucially on the often forcible transfer of land from small farmers or indigenous groups to private companies. Among these, the land war that erupted in Singur, West Bengal, in 2006, went on to make national headlines and become paradigmatic of many of the challenges and social conflicts that arise when a state-led policy of swiftly transferring land to private sector companies encounters resistance on the ground. Land Dispossession and Everyday Politics in Rural Eastern India analyses the movement by Singur's so-called unwilling farmers to retain and reclaim their farmland. By foregrounding the everyday politics of popular mobilization, the book sheds new light on the movement's internal politics as well as on contentious issues rooted in everyday caste, class and gender relations.

Land tenure --- Land use, Rural --- Farmers --- Farm operators --- Operators, Farm --- Planters (Persons) --- Agriculturists --- Rural population --- Rural land use --- Land use --- Agriculture --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Political activity --- Agriculture and state --- Protest movements --- Singur (India) --- Social conditions. --- Social movements --- Agrarian question --- Agricultural policy --- State and agriculture --- Economic policy --- Land reform --- Government policy --- Singura (India) --- Singur, India