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Études économiques de l'OCDE : Allemagne 2023 (version abrégée)
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ISBN: 9264974474 Year: 2023 Publisher: Paris, France : Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Publishing,

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Abstract

Après une décennie marquée par une croissance dynamique soutenue par les exportations, une baisse du chômage et des excédents budgétaires, la pandémie de COVID-19 et la crise énergétique ont mis au jour des faiblesses structurelles et fait ressortir la nécessité d'accélérer les transitions écologique et numérique. Dans le même temps, le vieillissement rapide de la population accentue les tensions sur les dépenses publiques et exacerbe les pénuries de main-d'œuvre qualifiée. Il est essentiel de réduire l'imposition du travail, en particulier pour les bas revenus et les deuxièmes apporteurs de revenu, de faciliter l'immigration de personnes qualifiées et d'améliorer l'éducation et la formation pour accroître l'offre de main-d'œuvre. Moderniser l'administration publique de façon à alléger la charge administrative et améliorer la qualité des services publics permettraient de favoriser l'innovation et la dynamique des entreprises. Afin de répondre aux besoins d'investissement considérables tout en préservant la viabilité des finances publiques, les autorités allemandes devront réduire les dépenses fiscales, qui sont souvent source de distorsions, régressives ou préjudiciables à l'environnement, et renforcer l'application de la législation fiscale, mais aussi accroître l'efficience des dépenses publiques et mieux hiérarchiser les priorités en la matière. Parvenir à la neutralité climatique en 2045 tout en préservant la compétitivité et la cohésion sociale nécessitera la mise en œuvre de politiques d'atténuation présentant un bon rapport coût-efficacité. L'Allemagne devrait renforcer la tarification du carbone et compléter ce dispositif par une réglementation sectorielle et des subventions judicieusement conçues, notamment pour stimuler la recherche-développement verte, développer les infrastructures de transport et réseaux d'électricité durables et décarboner le secteur du logement. L'utilisation des recettes issues de la tarification du carbone pour distribuer des aides aux ménages vulnérables et améliorer la qualité des politiques actives du marché du travail contribuerait à préserver la cohésion sociale.


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OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy : Korea 2023
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ISBN: 9264568964 Year: 2023 Publisher: Paris, France : Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Publishing,

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This chapter sets out an overarching framework for Korea's National Innovation System. It starts by summarising Korea's past and current economic performance by way of international comparison. Next, it highlights Korea's innovation system's key strengths, given its preparedness for transitional challenges, including the digital transformation, its growth in labour and multifactor productivity and innovation inputs. Subsequently, it elaborates on Korea's industry structure and how it sets the conditions for innovation, particularly regarding knowledge-intensive activities. Pursuant to a discussion of Korea's current positioning in global value chains and the impact it has on technological sovereignty and potential for innovation, this chapter finally addresses Korea's particular vulnerabilities in the face of arising societal challenges, notably the green transition and population aging, and how these may affect framework conditions for innovation.


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OECD Economic Outlook, Interim Report March 2023 : A Fragile Recovery
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ISBN: 9264894128 Year: 2023 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : OECD Publishing,

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Short-term economic prospects have improved, helped by lower commodity prices and the reopening of China, with global growth set to pick up moderately and inflation declining gradually. However, downside risks predominate.


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Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE, Rapport intermédiaire, mars 2023 : Une reprise fragile
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ISBN: 9264406352 Year: 2023 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Les perspectives économiques à court terme se sont améliorées, grâce à la baisse des prix des matières premières et à la réouverture de la Chine, avec une légère reprise de la croissance mondiale et une inflation qui va reculer progressivement. Cependant, les risques de révision à la baisse prédominent.Le rapport intermédiaire souligne que la reprise reste fragile, les principaux risques étant liés à l'incertitude concernant la guerre en Ukraine et à l'évolution des marchés de l'énergie, ainsi qu'aux importantes vulnérabilités financières. Les pouvoirs publics doivent prendre des mesures bien conçues pour réduire les tensions inflationnistes, garantir un meilleur ciblage des mesures de soutien budgétaire et relancer une croissance durable. Ce rapport intermédiaire constitue une mise à jour de l'évaluation présentée dans le numéro de novembre 2022 des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE (numéro 112).


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Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia, China and India 2023 - Update : Resilience Under Uncertainty
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ISBN: 9264698396 Year: 2023 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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The Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia, China and India is a regular publication on regional economic growth and development in Emerging Asia. It focuses on the economic conditions of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. It also addresses relevant economic issues in China and India to fully reflect developments in the region. This Update presents the region's economic outlook, depicting rapidly changing trends and macroeconomic challenges amidst external headwinds.


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Economic Policy Reforms 2023
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ISBN: 9264803998 9264583726 Year: 2023 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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For this edition, Going for Growth advises on country-specific structural policy priorities to strengthen growth fundamentals and pave the way for successful green and digital transitions. Four key policy areas are identified: enhancing the design of social support programs; lifting potential growth by removing obstacles to effective resource utilisation; securing faster progress towards decarbonization; making the digital transformation a driver of productivity growth.


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Flash Floods : Forecasting, Monitoring and Mitigation Strategies
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Year: 2023 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,

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This reprint focuses on the mechanisms, modeling and controlling techniques of flash flood disasters, mainly in mountainous areas. Flash floods are among the most severe natural disasters, and the current publication will not only inspire future research but also enrich the current practice of flash flood disaster prevention and mitigation. This collection focusses on the engaged efforts in mitigating flash flood disasters, deepening the understanding of the causes of disasters in existing cases, finding appropriate modeling approaches, and implementing mitigation strategies. The readers will find within this reprint significant contributions for improving prevention and developing mitigation strategies, as well as protecting the safety of exposed populations.


Book
Flash Floods : Forecasting, Monitoring and Mitigation Strategies
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2023 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute,

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Abstract

This reprint focuses on the mechanisms, modeling and controlling techniques of flash flood disasters, mainly in mountainous areas. Flash floods are among the most severe natural disasters, and the current publication will not only inspire future research but also enrich the current practice of flash flood disaster prevention and mitigation. This collection focusses on the engaged efforts in mitigating flash flood disasters, deepening the understanding of the causes of disasters in existing cases, finding appropriate modeling approaches, and implementing mitigation strategies. The readers will find within this reprint significant contributions for improving prevention and developing mitigation strategies, as well as protecting the safety of exposed populations.


Book
Perspectives on warm conveyor belts : sensitivities to ensemble configuration and the role for forecast error
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Year: 2023 Publisher: Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing,

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Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are weather systems that substantially modulate the large-scale extratropical circulation. As they can amplify forecast errors and project them onto the Rossby wave pattern, they are of high relevance for numerical weather prediction. This work elaborates on two aspects of WCBs in the context of ensemble forecasts: (1) sensitivities of WCBs to the representation of initial condition and model uncertainties, and (2) the role of WCBs for forecast error growth.

Keywords

Forecasting --- Methodology.


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Representation of warm conveyor belts in sub-seasonal forecast models and the link to Atlantic-European weather regimes
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Year: 2023 Publisher: Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing,

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This study systematically investigates the representation of warm conveyor belts (WCBs) in large reforecast data sets of different numerical weather prediction models and evaluates the role of WCBs for the onset and life cycle of Atlantic-European weather regimes. The results emphasize the importance of accurate forecast of WCBs for sub-seasonal prediction on time scales beyond two weeks and tie the low forecast skill of blocked weather regimes over Europe to misrepresented WCBs.

Keywords

Forecasting --- Methodology.

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