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The reign of Manuel I (1143-1180) marked the high point of the revival of the Byzantine empire under the Comnenian dynasty. It was, however, followed by a rapid decline, leading to the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. This book, the first devoted to Manuel's reign for over eighty years, re-evaluates the emperor and his milieu in the light of recent scholarship. It shows that his foreign policy was a natural response to the western crusading movement and the expansionism of the German emperor Frederick Barbarossa. It also shows that what he ruled was more than the impoverished rump of a once great empire, or a society whose development had been arrested by a repressive regime. The twelfth century is presented here as a distinctive, creative phase in Byzantine history, when the empire maintained existing traditions and trends while adapting to a changing world.

Manuel --- Byzantine Empire --- Empire byzantin --- History --- Histoire --- Manuel I Comnenus, Emperor of the East --- -History --- -Manuel --- -Manuel I Comnenus, Emperor of the East --- Arts and Humanities --- Manuel - I Comnenus, - Emperor of the East, - 1143-1180 --- Byzantine Empire - History - Manuel I Comnenus, 1143-1180 --- Comnenus, Manuel, --- Emmanuel --- Komnenos, Emmanuel, --- Komnin, Manojlo, --- Manouēl