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This book considers the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communication procedure as a key contributor to the realization of children’s Article 12 Convention on the Rights of the Child participation rights. Weaknesses in the current formulation of the CRC communication procedure (its first iteration since entry into force 14 April, 2014) are examined and suggestions for strengthening of the mechanism in various respects considered. Actual cases concerning children’s fundamental human rights in various domains and brought under various international human rights mechanisms are considered as hypothetical OP3-CRC communications/complaints. In addition certain domestic cases brought to the highest State Court are considered as hypothetical OP3-CRC communications brought after exhaustion of domestic remedies. In this way various significant weaknesses of the OP3-CRC are illustrated in a compelling meaningful case context and needed amendments highlighted.

Law. --- Human Rights. --- International Relations. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Droit --- Law, Politics & Government --- Human Rights --- Children's rights. --- Children --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Convention on the Rights of the Child --- Child welfare --- Child rights --- Children's human rights --- Children's rights --- Rights of children --- Rights of the child --- Law and legislation --- Law --- Civil rights --- Adong Kwŏlli Hyŏbyak --- CIDE --- CDN --- Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança --- Convención de los derechos de los niños --- Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño --- Convention des Nations Unies sur les droits de l'enfant --- Convention internationale des droits de l'enfant --- Convention Internationale relative aux droits de l'enfant --- Convention internationale sur les droits de l'enfant --- Convention of the Rights of the Child --- Convention on Rights of the Child --- Convention relative aux droits de l'enfant --- Convenzione internazionale dei diritti del fanciullo --- Convenzione internazionale sui diritti dell'infanzia e dell'adolescenza --- Convenzione sui diritti del fanciullo --- Convenzione sui diritti dell'infanzia e dell'adolescenza --- CRC --- FN's konvention om barnets rettigheder --- Internationaal Verdrag inzake de Rechten van het Kind --- Ittifāqīyat al-Umam al-Muttaḥidah li-Ḥuqūq al-Ṭifl --- IVRK --- Jidō no kenri jōyaku --- Jidō no kenri ni kansusu jōyaku --- Kodomo no kenri jōyaku --- Kodomo no kenri ni kansuru jōyaku --- Konvensi Hak Anak --- Konvensi Hak-Hak Anak --- Konvensjon om barnets rettigheter --- Konvention om barnets rettigheder --- Konventionen om barnets rättigheter --- Konvent︠s︡ii︠a︡ o pravakh rebenka --- Konwencja o prawach dziecka --- Kunvānsiyūn-i Ḥuqūq-i Kūdak --- Lapsen oikeuksien yleissopimus --- Samningur Sameinuðu þjóðanna um réttindi barnsins --- Simiso Semalungelo Ebantfwana --- Übereinkommen über die Rechte des Kindes --- UN Convention on the Rights of the Child --- United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child --- Convención de los derechos del niño --- Convenția internațională cu privire la drepturile copilului --- Convenția cu privire la drepturile copilului --- International relations. --- Human rights. --- International humanitarian law. --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- War (International law) --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation

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This book explores in what ways both sides involved in the so-called war on terror are using schoolchildren as propaganda tools while putting the children's security at grave risk. The book explores how terrorists use attacks on education to attempt to destabilize the government while the government and the international aid community use increases in school attendance as an ostensible index of largely illusory progress in the overall security situation and in development. The book challenges the notion that unoccupied civilian schools are not entitled under the law of armed conflict to a high standard of protection which prohibits their use for military purposes. Also examined are the potential violations of international law that can occur when government and education aid workers encourage and facilitate school attendance, as they do, in areas within conflict-affected states such as Afghanistan where security for education is inadequate and the risk of terror attacks on education high.

Law. --- Afghan War, 2001 --- -Afghan War, 2001 --- -Children's rights --- Educational law and legislation --- Humanitarian law --- Law, Politics & Government --- Law, General & Comparative --- Law and legislation --- Children --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Propaganda --- War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- Children (International law) --- Propaganda. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Childhood --- Kids (Children) --- Pedology (Child study) --- Youngsters --- Global Struggle Against Violent Extremism, 2001-2009 --- Global War on Terror, 2001-2009 --- GWOT, 2001-2009 (War on Terrorism) --- Terror War, 2001-2009 --- Terrorism War, 2001-2009 --- War against Terrorism, 2001-2009 --- War on Terror, 2001-2009 --- Political science. --- Human rights. --- International humanitarian law. --- International criminal law. --- Sociology. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Political Science. --- Sociology, general. --- International Criminal Law. --- Human Rights. --- Age groups --- Families --- Life cycle, Human --- International law --- Military history, Modern --- Terrorism --- World politics --- -Iraq War, 2003-2011 --- Operation Enduring Freedom, 2001 --- -Communication in politics --- Political psychology --- Social influence --- Advertising --- Persuasion (Psychology) --- Psychological warfare --- Public relations --- Publicity --- Social pressure --- Prevention --- International Criminal Law . --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- Criminal law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes --- Social theory --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- War (International law)

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Young People’s Human Rights and The Politics of Voting Age is the first book to address in-depth the topic of voting age eligibility as a universal fundamental human rights issue rather than an internal, discretionary State policy matter. International perspectives on the issue of voting age eligibility are examined as are the legal, historical, philosophical and sociological dimensions of the legislated age-based bar to the vote. The book examines examples of movements for the youth vote at 16. Also addressed is the failure of high profile human rights organizations and institutions to endorse the vote at age 16 and the implications for democratic values of the denial of the youth vote in most Western and non-Western States. The book would be extremely valuable for instructional purposes as one of the primary texts in undergraduate or graduate courses on children’s human rights, political psychology, sociology, political science, sociology of law and as a supplementary text for courses on human rights or constitutional law. It would be of great interest also to members of the general public concerned with children and youth human rights issues.

Children’s rights. --- Political participation. --- Social participation. --- Voting age. --- Young adults -- Political activity. --- Youth -- Political activity. --- Voting age --- Political rights --- Suffrage --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political Science --- Law, General & Comparative --- Political Science - General --- Law and legislation --- Teenagers --- Human rights movements. --- Suffrage. --- Law and legislation. --- Young adults --- Youth --- Adolescents --- Teen-agers --- Teens --- Young adults (Teenagers) --- Political science. --- Law. --- Sociology. --- Developmental psychology. --- Psychology. --- Political Science and International Relations. --- Political Science. --- Law, general. --- Developmental Psychology. --- Law and Psychology. --- Sociology, general. --- Social movements --- Election law --- Age --- Political rights. --- Law --- Psychological aspects. --- Juridical psychology --- Juristic psychology --- Legal psychology --- Psychology, Juridical --- Psychology, Juristic --- Psychology, Legal --- Psychology, Applied --- Therapeutic jurisprudence --- Development (Psychology) --- Developmental psychobiology --- Psychology --- Life cycle, Human --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Social theory --- Behavioral sciences --- Mental philosophy --- Mind --- Science, Mental --- Human biology --- Philosophy --- Soul --- Mental health

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This book addresses the phenomenon of children as the particular targets of extreme cruelty and genocide during armed conflict. Selected International Criminal Court cases are analyzed to illustrate the ICC‘s failure to address the genocidal forcible transfer of children to armed State and/or non-State groups or forces perpetrating mass atrocities and/or genocide. An original legal interpretation of children as a protected group in the context of the genocide provision of the Rome Statute is provided. The work also examines certain examples of the various modes in which armed State and/or non-State groups or forces perpetrating mass atrocities and/or genocide appropriate children and accomplish the genocidal forcible transfer of children to the perpetrator group. It is argued that the failure to prosecute the genocidal forcible transfer of children through the ICC mechanisms (where the Court has jurisdiction and the State has failed to meet its obligations in this regard) undermines the perceived gravity of this heinous international crime within the international community. Furthermore, this ICC failure to prosecute conflicts with the interests of justice and ultimately results in an erosion of the respect for the personhood and human dignity of children.

Crimes against humanity. --- Criminal justice, Administration of. --- Criminal liability (International law). --- International criminal courts. --- Internally displaced persons --- Crimes against humanity --- Children and genocide --- Children --- Legal status, laws, etc --- Cases --- Crimes against --- Children and war. --- War crimes. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- International Criminal Court. --- War and children --- Child welfare --- Law and legislation --- Law --- U.N. International Criminal Court --- United Nations. --- ICC --- CPI --- Cour pénale internationale --- Corte Penal Internacional --- Internationella brottmålsdomstolen --- Pengadilan Pidana Internasional --- Kokusai Keiji Saibansho --- Mezhdunarodnyĭ ugolovnyĭ sud --- Međunarodni kazneni sud --- Międzynarodowy Trybunał Karny --- Maḥkamat al-Jināʼīyah al-Duwalīyah --- Guo ji xing shi fa yuan --- 国际刑事法院 --- Samnakngān ʻAyakān Sān ʻĀyā Rawāng Prathēt --- Tribunal Penal Internacional --- Law. --- International relations. --- Human rights. --- International humanitarian law. --- International criminal law. --- International Criminal Law. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Human Rights. --- International Relations. --- Crime --- War --- International Criminal Law . --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- World politics --- Criminal law, International --- ICL (International criminal law) --- Criminal law --- International law --- Criminal jurisdiction --- International crimes --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- War (International law) --- Forcible transfer of people --- Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi --- UCM

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In this book the author argues that judicial activism in respect of the protection of human rights and dignity and the right to due process is an essential element of the democratic rule of law in a constitutional democracy as opposed to being ‘judicial overreach’. Selected recent case law is explored from the US and Canadian Supreme Courts as well as the European Court of Human Rights illustrating that these Courts have, at times, engaged in judicial activism in the service of providing equal protection of the law and due process to the powerless but have, on other occasions, employed legalistic but insupportable strategies to sidestep that obligation. The book will be of interest to those with a deep concern regarding the factors that influence judicial decision-making and the judiciary's role through judgments in promoting and preserving the underpinnings of democracy. This includes legal researchers, the judiciary, practicing counsel and legal academics and law students as well as those in the area of democracy studies, in addition to scholars in the fields of sociology and philosophy of law.

Political questions and judicial power. --- Judicial activism --- Judicial power and political questions --- Act of state --- Administrative discretion --- Judicial review --- Jurisdiction --- Law --- Rule of law --- Separation of powers --- Political aspects --- Human rights. --- Democracy. --- Law—Philosophy. --- Law. --- Human Rights. --- Theories of Law, Philosophy of Law, Legal History. --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Self-government --- Political science --- Equality --- Representative government and representation --- Republics --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Law and legislation