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Albanian cinema truly represents a terra incognita for most of the world. Decidedly Europe's most isolated country during the Cold War era, communist Albania had already been cut off from the West for centuries as a one of the western-most outposts of the Ottoman empire. Nonetheless, and unknown to most of the world, communist Albania had a vibrant cinema tradition. Although bound by official orthodoxy, the films of the state-run Kinostudio enterprise were surprisingly innovative and, at times, daringly subversive. This book opens with examinations of moving images in Albania from the Ottoman period, through those captured under independence and the Fascist occupation. It subsequently foregrounds transformations in Kinostudio, from the early optimism of socialist realism through the brooding social angst of the 1980s, which constitute a bridge to the socioeconomic concerns of Albanian films of the postcommunist period.

Motion pictures --- History. --- Albania --- Politics and government. --- Cinema, Albania, communism, post-communism, transnationalism. --- History

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Naqādah (Egypt) --- Antiquities --- Naqadah (Egypt) --- -Antiquities --- Naqada (Egypt) --- Antiquities. --- Céramique égyptienne --- Naqādah (Egypt) - Antiquities

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"The cultures of Nubia built the earliest cities, states, and empires of inner Africa, but they remain relatively poorly known outside their modern descendants and the community of archaeologists, historians, and art historians researching them. The earliest archaeological work in Nubia was motivated by its role as neighbor, trade partner, and enemy of ancient Egypt. Increasingly, however, ancient Nile-based Nubian cultures are recognized in their own right as the earliest complex societies in inner Africa. As agro-pastoral cultures, Nubian settlement, economy, political organization, and religious ideologies were often organized differently from those of the urban, bureaucratic, and overwhelmingly agricultural states of Egypt and the ancient Middle East. Nubian societies are thus of great interest in comparative study, and are also recognized for their broader impact on histories of the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, as well as of neighboring areas"--

Excavations (Archaeology) --- Nubia --- Civilization. --- Antiquities. --- Nūbah --- نوبة --- بلاد النوبة --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Civilization --- Antiquities --- Architecture, Ancient --- Cities and towns, Ancient --- Excavations (Archaeology) - Nubia --- Nubia - Civilization --- Nubia - Antiquities

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Economic development --- Research, Industrial --- Technological innovations