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Distributed Generation in Liberalised Electricity Markets
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ISBN: 9264198024 9786610035878 1280035870 9264175970 Year: 2002 Publisher: Paris : OECD Publishing,

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Electric power in OECD countries is mostly produced by large central generating stations, then transmitted along high voltage lines to local distribution systems that carry it to final consumers. Distributed generation plants are different. They produce power on an electricity consumer’s own site or at the local distribution substation and can supply power directly to the customer or to the local distribution network. Distributed generation technologies include engines, small turbines, fuel cells, and photovoltaic systems. Distributed generation technologies are already having a large impact, particularly for high- reliability applications, as a source of emergency capacity or as a way of deferring the expansion of a local network. In some markets, these plants are displacing more costly grid electricity. Globally, more capacity for distributed generation was ordered in 2000 than for nuclear power. This book provides a guide to energy policy makers on this growing phenomenon. It surveys the current situation and market status of distributed generation in selected OECD countries, including the impact of current energy policies.

Market operations in electric power systems : forecasting, scheduling, and risk management
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ISBN: 0471443379 9780471224129 9780471443377 047122412X 1280367482 9786610367481 0470357177 0471463949 Year: 2002 Publisher: [Hoboken, New Jersey] : [Piscataqay, New Jersey] : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Wiley-Interscience,2002. IEEE Xplore,

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An essential overview of post-deregulation market operations in electrical power systems Until recently the U.S. electricity industry was dominated by vertically integrated utilities. It is now evolving into a distributive and competitive market driven by market forces and increased competition. With electricity amounting to a $200 billion per year market in the United States, the implications of this restructuring will naturally affect the rest of the world. Why is restructuring necessary? What are the components of restructuring? How is the new structure different from the old monopoly? How are the participants strategizing their options to maximize their revenues? What are the market risks and how are they evaluated? How are interchange transactions analyzed and approved? Starting with a background sketch of the industry, this hands-on reference provides insights into the new trends in power systems operation and control, and highlights advanced issues in the field. Written for both technical and nontechnical professionals involved in power engineering, finance, and marketing, this must-have resource discusses: * Market structure and operation of electric power systems * Load and price forecasting and arbitrage * Price-based unit commitment and security constrained unit commitment * Market power analysis and game theory applications * Ancillary services auction market design * Transmission pricing and congestion Using real-world case studies, this timely survey offers engineers, consultants, researchers, financial managers, university professors and students, and other professionals in the industry a comprehensive review of electricity restructuring and how its radical effects will shape the market.


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Dansen en ontspringen in twijfelpas met zorg, arbeid en natuur : verandering door begripsvorming, een nieuwe strategie voor sociale bewegingen
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ISBN: 9071003183 Year: 1995 Publisher: Utrecht : Commissie Oriënteringsdagen,

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STI Revue, Volume 2000 Numéro 2 : Nouveaux indicateurs de la science et de la technologie
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ISBN: 9264275819 9264293116 Year: 2002 Volume: 27 Publisher: Paris : OCDE,

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Les politiques menées dans le domaine de la science et de la technologie ont connu de profondes transformations ces dernières années, avec notamment un poids plus grand donné aux ressources humaines, aux objectifs en termes de performance plutôt que de ressources, et au rôle des entreprises. Dans le même temps, de nouvelles sources de données étaient constituées ou devenaient accessibles aux statisticiens (données sur la main d'œuvre, sur les brevets, enquêtes sur l'innovation). Dans ce contexte, les ministres de la Science et de la Technologie des pays Membres ont donné mandat à l'OCDE de développer de nouveaux indicateurs qui reflètent plus fidèlement l'évolution vers l'économie fondée sur le savoir et l'impact des politiques dans ce domaine. Ce dernier numéro de STI Revue reprend les principaux résultats de l'exercice mené dans le cadre de ce mandat. Ces résultats portent notamment sur l'investissement en connaissance, la mobilité des travailleurs hautement qualifiés, les enquêtes et indicateurs d'innovation, le soutien public à la technologie industrielle, et les politiques fiscales pour la R-D.

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