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Private finance --- London --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- #ECO:02.02:financiële sector bank --- #ECO:05.02:landen EU West-Europa --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Clearinghouses

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Money. Monetary policy --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- International clearing --- Money --- 333.400 --- Currency --- Monetary question --- Money, Primitive --- Specie --- Standard of value --- Exchange --- Finance --- Value --- Coinage --- Currency question --- Gold --- Silver --- Silver question --- Wealth --- Clearing, International --- Clearing agreements --- International finance --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Clearinghouses --- Agricultural banks --- Banking --- Banking industry --- Commercial banks --- Depository institutions --- Financial institutions --- Data processing --- Geldwezen: algemeenheden

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Banks and banking, Central --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- Monetary policy --- Payment --- 332.1028 --- Ib1.g --- 333.100 --- 333.151 --- 333.50 --- 333.600 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Monetary management --- Banker's banks --- Banks, Central --- Central banking --- Central banks --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Algemeenheden. Theorie en principes van de bankorganisatie en -techniek --- Verrekenkamers --- Financiële instellingen: algemeenheden --- Financiële markten. Kapitaalmarkten (algemeenheden) --- Law and legislation --- Private finance --- Commercial law --- Extinguishment of debts --- Performance (Law) --- Balance of trade --- Debtor and creditor --- Economic policy --- Currency boards --- Money supply --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses

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If you've got some money in the bank, chances are you've never seriously worried about not being able to withdraw it. But there was a time in the United States, an era that ended just over a hundred years ago, in which bank customers had to pay close attention to whether the banking system would remain solvent, knowing they might have to rush to retrieve their savings before the bank collapsed. During the National Banking Era (1863-1913), before the establishment of the Federal Reserve, widespread banking panics were indeed rather common. Yet these pre-Fed banking panics, as Gary B. Gorton and Ellis W. Tallman show, bear striking similarities to our recent financial crisis. In both cases, something happened to make depositors-whether individual customers or corporate investors-"act differently" and find reason to question the value of their bank debt. Fighting Financial Crises thus turns to the past for a fuller understanding of our uncertain present, investigating how panics during the National Banking Era played out and how they were eventually quelled and prevented. Gorton and Tallman open with a survey of the period's "information environment," tracing the development of national bank notes, checks, and clearing houses to show how the key to keeping order was to disseminate information very carefully. Identifying the most effective responses based on the framework of the National Banking Era, they then consider the Fed's and the SEC's reactions to the recent crisis, building an informative new perspective on how the modern economy works.

Financial crises --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- History --- New York Clearing House Association --- United States --- Economic conditions --- Financial crises - United States - History --- Clearinghouses (Banking) - New York (State) - New York --- United States - Economic conditions - 1865-1918 --- Financial crises. --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses --- Crashes, Financial --- Crises, Financial --- Financial crashes --- Financial panics --- Panics (Finance) --- Stock exchange crashes --- Stock market panics --- Crises --- History. --- New York Clearing House Association. --- Clearing House Association, L.L.C. --- banking panics. --- financial crises. --- secrecy. --- suppression of information.

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EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 347.734 --- 333.103 --- 333.101 --- 333.154 --- 334.154.2 --- 333.427 --- 333.151 --- U55 - Paiement/Systèmes de paiement/Comptes en banque - Betaling/Betalingsverkeer/Bankrekening --- Banking law --- -Clearinghouses (Banking) --- -Payment --- -346.082094 --- Ui2 --- Payment --- Commercial law --- Extinguishment of debts --- Performance (Law) --- Balance of trade --- Debtor and creditor --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses --- Law, Banking --- Financial institutions --- Bank- en spaarinstellingen (recht). --- Bankautomatisatie. --- Banksysteem en bankstelsel. --- Elektronische geldtransfers. Clearing. Home banking. --- Financieel recht in de Europese Gemeenschappen. Verzekeringen. --- Giraal geld. --- Verrekenkamers. --- Law and legislation --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- Electronic funds transfers --- Union européenne --- 346.082094 --- Banksysteem en bankstelsel --- Bankautomatisatie --- Verrekenkamers --- Elektronische geldtransfers. Clearing. Home banking --- Giraal geld --- Financieel recht in de Europese Gemeenschappen. Verzekeringen --- Bank- en spaarinstellingen (recht)