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Mamelukes --- Merchants --- History --- Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Commerce --- History --- Ethnic relations --- Economic aspects. --- History

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What can the present tell us about the past? From 1968 to 1990, Edward Ochsenschlager conducted ethnoarchaeological fieldwork near a mound called al-Hiba, in the marshes of southern Iraq. In examining the material culture of three tribes-their use of mud, reed, wood, and bitumen, and their husbandry of cattle, water buffalo, and sheep-he chronicles what is now a lost way of life. He helps us understand ancient manufacturing processes, an artifact's significance and the skill of those who create and use it, and the substantial moral authority wielded by village craftspeople. He reveals the complexities involved in the process of change, both natural and enforced.Al-Hiba contains the remains of Sumerian people who lived in the marshes more than 5,000 years ago in a similar ecological setting, using similar material resources. The archaeological evidence provides insights into everyday life in antiquity. Ochsenschlager enhances the comparisons of past and present by extensive illustrations from his fieldwork and also from the University Museum's rare archival photographs taken in the late nineteenth century by John Henry Haynes. This was long before Saddam Hussein drove one of the tribes from the marshes, forced the Bedouin to live elsewhere, and irrevocably changed the lives of those who tried to stay.

Ethnology --- Material culture --- Marshes --- Marsh Arabs. --- Baṣrah (Iraq : Province) --- Antiquities. --- African Studies. --- Anthropology. --- Archaeology. --- Asian Studies. --- Folklore. --- Linguistics. --- Middle Eastern Studies.

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Syrian churches --- Christianity and culture --- Islamic learning and scholarship --- 27 <394> --- 281.1 --- 281.1 Primitieve en Oosterse Kerk tot 1054 --- Primitieve en Oosterse Kerk tot 1054 --- 27 <394> Histoire de l'Eglise--Syrië --- 27 <394> Kerkgeschiedenis--Syrië --- Histoire de l'Eglise--Syrië --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Syrië --- Learning and scholarship --- Muslim learning and scholarship --- Muslims --- Contextualization (Christian theology) --- Culture and Christianity --- Inculturation (Christian theology) --- Indigenization (Christian theology) --- Culture --- Syrian Church --- Eastern churches --- History --- Intellectual life --- Syria --- Iraq --- Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Al Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Basra (Iraq) --- Irak --- Rāfidayn, Bilād --- Bilād al-Rāfidayn --- Republic of Iraq --- Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah --- Sirii︠a︡ --- Iqlīm al-Sūrī (United Arab Republic) --- Iqlīm al-Shamālī (United Arab Republic) --- Syrian Region (United Arab Republic) --- سوريا --- Sūriyā --- Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Sūrīyah --- Syrian Arab Republic --- République arabe syrienne --- Sowria --- Syrie --- R.A.S. --- RAS --- Ittiḥād al-Duwal al-Sūrīyah --- Fédération des États de Syrie --- Syrische Arabische Republik --- SAR --- Suryah --- Arabska Republika Syryjska --- Syrien --- Jumhuriya al-Arabya as-Suriya --- Repubblica Araba Siriana --- جمهورية العربية السورية --- Jumhūriyyah al-ʻArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah --- Сірыя --- Siryi︠a︡ --- Сірыйская Арабская Рэспубліка --- Siryĭskai︠a︡ Arabskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Сирийската арабска република --- Siriĭskata arabska republika --- Συρία --- Αραβική Δημοκρατία της Συρίας --- Aravikē Dēmokratia tēs Syrias --- 시리아 --- Siria --- סוריה --- רפובליקה הערבית הסורית --- Republiḳah ha-ʻArvit ha-Surit --- シリア --- Shiria --- Сирия --- Сирийская Арабская Республика --- Siriĭskai︠a︡ Arabskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Сирія --- Syrii︠a︡ --- Сирійська Арабська республіка --- Syriĭsʹka Arabsʹka respublika --- 敘利亞 --- Xuliya --- United Arab Republic --- Civilization --- بصرة (Iraq) --- Bassora (Iraq) --- Bassorah (Iraq) --- Bassra (Iraq) --- Busra (Iraq) --- Busrah (Iraq) --- Bussorah (Iraq) --- Baṣrah (Iraq) --- Syrian churches - Congresses. --- Christianity and culture - History - Early church, ca. 30-600 - Congresses. --- Christianity and culture - Middle East - Congresses. --- Islamic learning and scholarship - Congresses. --- Mésopotamie --- Christianisme --- Syria - Civilization - Congresses. --- Iraq - Civilization - Congresses. --- Baṣrah (Iraq) - Intellectual life - Congresses.