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Computer scientists

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Computer scientists --- Computers

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The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formulate the correct sounds of a word. It is challenging for non-native Arabic speakers to learn to recite the Holy Quran with correct "Tajweed" rules and pronunciation. The limited contributions are made in the development of classic Arabic short vowels dataset that hinder the development of speech recognition system to facilitate the learner during their Holy Quran learning process. Therefore, it is required to have a collection of audio classic Arabic datasets that can help speech recognition and mispronouncing detection of the classic Arabic speech. In this paper, we aim to collect the classical Arabic alphabet with short vowels. Short vowels are an essential part of the Arabic language. One word of the Arabic language consists of at least one or two short vowels. First, we start with requirement gathering for the classical Arabic short vowels. Our primary focus is to record and process the collected audio dataset. The first release of the audio dataset collected consists of 2892 Arabic alphabet short vowels. A significant effort is applied in preprocessing of the dataset consisting of 84 classes of the Arabic alphabet short vowels. Then, the dataset is tested using a sequential convolution neural network (CNN) on 312 phonemes of the collected Arabic Alphabet /a/ "Alif" with short vowels. The result shows that CNN gives high testing accuracy of 100% and a loss of 0.27.

Information technology --- Women computer scientists

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Cryptography is concerned with the construction of schemes that withstand any abuse. A cryptographic scheme is constructed so as to maintain a desired functionality, even under malicious attempts aimed at making it deviate from its prescribed behavior. The design of cryptographic systems must be based on firm foundations, whereas ad hoc approaches and heuristics are a very dangerous way to go. These foundations were developed mostly in the 1980s, in works that are all co-authored by Shafi Goldwasser and/or Silvio Micali. These works have transformed cryptography from an engineering discipline, lacking sound theoretical foundations, into a scientific field possessing a well-founded theory, which influences practice as well as contributes to other areas of theoretical computer science.

Algorithms. --- Computer algorithms. --- Computer scientists.

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This book is a celebration of Leslie Lamport's work on concurrency, interwoven in four-and-a-half decades of an evolving industry: from the introduction of the first personal computer to an era when parallel and distributed multiprocessors are abundant. His works lay formal foundations for concurrent computations executed by interconnected computers. Some of the algorithms have become standard engineering practice for fault tolerant distributed computing - distributed systems that continue to function correctly despite failures of individual components. He also developed a substantial body of work on the formal specification and verification of concurrent systems, and has contributed to the development of automated tools applying these methods.

Algorithms. --- Computer algorithms. --- Computer scientists.