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The end of the Second World war did not mean the end of violence for many regions in Eastern Europe. The establishment of Communist-led governments often met not only civil but also armed resistance. These actions were taken by partisan groups and paramilitary forces which in some cases had been formed already during the war to support axis forces. In other cases - like Poland's Armia Krajowa - they fought Nazi and Soviet occupiers with the same fervour. The aims of the fighters were the end of Communist rule and - like in the Baltic region - independence from the Soviet Union. Difficulties in accessing sources and research taboos as well as a focus on other aspects of the Cold War are reasons why violent resistance in Europe after the Second World War is a topic yet rather underestimated and comparably little investigated by historiography. This book gives a comprehensive first overview of the ultimately futile attempts to end the rule of Moscow and her proxies.
Europe --- History --- History. --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Untergrundkrieg --- Nachkriegszeit --- Osteuropa --- Antikommunismus --- Hinter dem Eisernen Vorhang --- Kalter Krieg --- Partisanenkampf --- Widerstand --- Anti-communism --- Behind the iron curtain --- Cold war --- partisan fights --- resistance --- Government, Resistance to - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Communism - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Guerrilla warfare - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Europe - History - 1945- - Congresses
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Totalitarianism --- Fascism --- Totalitarisme --- Fascisme --- History --- Histoire --- Totalitarianism - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Totalitarianism - History - 21st century - Congresses --- Fascism - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Fascism - Europe - History - 21st century - Congresses --- Communism - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Communism - Europe - History - 21st century - Congresses --- Nationalism - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Nationalism - Europe - History - 21st century - Congresses --- Europe --- Europe - Politics and government - 21st century - Congresses --- Communism --- Nationalism
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Industrial policy --- Industries --- Politique industrielle --- Industrie --- History --- Congresses. --- Histoire --- Congrès --- French and European economic history - Industrial policies - 20th century. --- French and European economic history --- Industrial policies --- 20th century --- Congrès --- Industrial policy - France - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Industries - France - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Industrial policy - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Industries - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- France --- 1945-.... --- Europe
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Many refugees of the Nazi period have attracted considerable scholarly attention. Einstein, Thomas Mann, Hannah Arendt, among others, are all famous examples. In contrast, little is known about the lives of more typical refugees, their everyday lives in exile and emigration, their daily pain, sorrow, and underlying strength. This study shows, for the first time, how refugee women during the Nazi period endured, examining their important role in the survival of their families, and the meaning of exile and emigration for their future lives and careers. Between Sorrow and Strength combines essays by noted scholars in the field with eyewitness reports from contemporaries. It reveals a great deal about the role of women in the history of Jewish, as well as non-Jewish, emigration from Europe during the Nazi era.
Women refugees --- Europe --- History --- 20th century --- Congresses --- Refugees --- Emigration and immigration --- United States --- Women refugees - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses. --- Refugees - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses. --- Europe - Emigration and immigration - History - 20th century - Congresses. --- Arts and Humanities --- Displaced persons --- Persons --- Refugee women --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia
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Industrial laws and legislation --- Commercial law --- Dictatorship --- History --- Europe --- Economic policy --- Law and economics --- Economics and jurisprudence --- Economics and law --- Jurisprudence and economics --- Economics --- Jurisprudence --- Industries --- Absolutism --- Autocracy --- Tyranny --- Authoritarianism --- Despotism --- Totalitarianism --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Law and legislation --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Politics and government --- Industrial laws and legislation - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Commercial law - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Dictatorship - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Europe - Economic policy - Congresses
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Diet --- Food supply --- Nutrition policy --- Food --- Food policy --- Nutrition --- Nutrition and state --- State and nutrition --- Social policy --- Food control --- Produce trade --- Agriculture --- Food security --- Single cell proteins --- Health --- Food habits --- History&delete& --- Congresses --- Government policy&delete& --- Government policy --- History --- Nutrition policy - Europe - History - 19th century - Congresses --- Nutrition policy - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Diet - Europe - History - 19th century - Congresses --- Diet - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Food supply - Government policy - Europe - History - 19th century - Congresses --- Food supply - Government policy - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- EUROPE --- ALIMENTATION --- CONDITIONS SOCIALES --- 19E-20E SIECLES
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On connaît le rôle joué par les historiens dans la guerre de 14-18. Peut-être plus discrète mais tout aussi importante a été la mobilisation des archéologues et des historiens de l'art dans ce conflit, où la destruction de monuments et d'œuvres d'art a été systématiquement imputée à l'Allemagne. Ces actes de "barbarie" venaient corroborer l'idéologie du combat du droit mené contre des ennemis inhumains. Pendant la Grande Guerre, les historiens de l'art et archéologues - universitaires, directeurs de revues, théoriciens, érudits, inspecteurs du patrimoine, conservateurs, à la tête d'institutions culturelles ou responsables de fouilles - s'engagèrent sur le terrain où à l'arrière. Les études réunies dans ce volume se proposent de contribuer à l'histoire des pratiques intellectuelles mises en œuvre en temps de guerre, dans une perspective transnationale. La guerre est ainsi appréhendée comme un "laboratoire", où naissent des méthodes et des savoir-faire nouveaux en matière de recherche, de restauration et de conservation.
Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) --- Art --- Monuments historiques --- Destruction et pillage --- Mutilation, dégradation, etc. --- World War, 1914-1918 --- World war, 1914-1918 --- Historians --- Archaeologists --- Art historians --- Art and the war --- Destruction and pillage --- History --- Mutilation, defacement, etc. --- Cultural property --- Archaeology --- Protection --- Destruction et pillage. --- Mutilation, dégradation, etc. --- World War, 1914-1918 - Art and the war - Congresses --- World War, 1914-1918 - Destruction and pillage - Europe - Congresses --- Art - Mutilation, defacement, etc. - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Cultural property - Protection - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Archaeology - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses
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Turks --- Islam --- Christianity and other religions --- History --- Relations --- Christianity --- Europe --- Ethnic relations --- Turks - Europe - History - 20th century - Congresses --- Islam - Relations - Christianity - Congresses --- Christianity and other religions - Islam - Congresses --- Europe - Ethnic relations - Congresses
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