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Sunna

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"Muslim intellectuals who sought to establish the boundaries of modern Muslim identityMuslim modernism was a political and intellectual movement that sought to redefine the relationship between Islam and the colonial West in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Spearheaded by Muslim leaders in Asia and the Middle East, the modernist project arose from a desire to reconcile Islamic beliefs and practices with European ideas of secularism, scientific progress, women's rights, and democratic representation. Teena Purohit provides innovative readings of the foundational thinkers of Muslim modernism, showing how their calls for unity and reform led to the marginalization of Muslim minority communities that is still with us today.Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism offers fresh perspectives on figures such as Jamal al din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Iqbal, and Abul A'la Maududi. It sheds light on the exclusionary impulses and Sunni normative biases of modernist Muslim writers, and explores how their aim to unite the global Muslim community-which was stagnant and fragmented in their eyes-also created lasting divisions. While modernists claimed to represent all Muslims when they asserted the centrality and significance of unity, they questioned the status of groups such as Ahmadis, Bahais, and the Shia more broadly.Addressing timely questions about religious authority and reform in modern Islam, this incisive book reveals how modernist notions of Islam as a single homogeneous tradition gave rise to enduring debates about who belongs to the Muslim community and who should be excluded"-- "Modernist Islamic thought was an intellectual movement active in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that aimed at redefining the relationship between Islam and western modernity. The movement took off at a pivotal time in Muslim history, when Muslim empires were either in serious decline or vanquished, and when the British and French were asserting their power as new colonial rulers in majority Muslim societies the world over. Muslim modernists sought to define how Muslims should orient themselves in this new world. And in particular, how their Islamic beliefs and practices should be reconciled with western ideas such as secularism, women's rights, democratic representation, and western forms of education. Teena Purohit's new account of Muslim modernism is distinctive in that she seeks to highlight something that has gone unnoticed in previous accounts of the Muslim modernist story: it has had a decided Sunni bias and has been linked to calls for suppression of minority Muslim communities. Such communities, including the Shi'a, Ismailis, Ahmadis, and Bahai's, have often been disparaged in Muslim modernist thought as sectarian or deviant and thus as not fully or authentically Muslim. In this book, Purohit reveals how a succession of key Muslim modernist thinker-activists from the colonial, anti-colonial/nationalist, and post-colonial/Islamist eras shared an obsession with Muslim "unity" that implicitly relied on a Sunni majoritarian perspective. Not coincidentally, this perspective was also held by European orientalist scholars of Islam who, like the Muslim modernists, were deeply influenced by notions of sect and heresy that had their origin in Christianity. This obsession with unity and the privileging of Sunnism that went with it was found in all forms of Muslim modernism. As Purohit shows via her close examination of a series of key modernist thinkers from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth centuries, repeated calls for "reform" or "reformation" of Islam or for a rediscovery of Islam's supposedly "lost unity" inclined the Muslim modernist project as a whole towards intolerance of Muslim minorities"--

Islamic modernism --- Sunna. --- History.

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Islamic renewal. --- Hadith. --- Sunnites --- Renouveau islamique --- Hadith --- Islamic renewal --- Sunna

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hadith --- sunnah --- islam --- religion --- Hadith --- Sunna --- Islam --- Sunnah --- Tradition (Islam) --- Islamic literature --- Islamic law --- Hadith. --- Islam. --- Sunna. --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims

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The publication of The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, Ninth-Tenth Centuries C.E., first as a University of Pennsylvania doctoral dissertation in 1992, and subsequently as a monograph in 1997 (Studies in Islamic Law and Society, Brill), established Christoph Melchert as a preeminent scholar of the history of Islamic law and institutions. Through close readings of works on fiqh, meticulous unpacking of data in biographical dictionaries, and careful attention to curricular, pious, pedagogical, and scholarly practices, Melchert has subsequently illuminated the processes and procedures that undergirded the development of Islamic movements and institutions in the formative period of Islam. The present volume brings together sixteen of his articles, including those considered his most important as well as ones that are difficult to access. Originally published between 1997 and 2014, they are arranged chronologically under three rubrics-hadith, piety, and law. The material is presented in a new format, updated by Melchert where appropriate, and indexed. The appearance of these articles together in a single volume makes this book a highly significant and welcome contribution to the field of classical Islamic Studies.

Islam --- Hadith --- Tradition (Islam) --- Islamic law --- Islamic literature --- Sunna --- Mohammedanism --- Muhammadanism --- Muslimism --- Mussulmanism --- Religions --- Muslims --- History