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Relational inferences are a well-known problem for Aristotelian logic. This book charts the development of thinking about this anomaly, from the beginnings of the Arabic logical tradition in the tenth century to the end of the nineteenth. Based in large part on hitherto unstudied manuscripts and rare books, the study shows that the problem of relational inferences was vigorously debated in the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. In the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Ottoman logicians (writing in Arabic) came to recognize relational inferences as a distinct kind of 'unfamiliar syllogism' and began to investigate their logic. These findings show that the development of Arabic logic did not - as is often supposed - come to an end in the fourteenth century. On the contrary, Arabic logic was still being developed by critical and fecund reflections as late as the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Syllogism --- Islamic philosophy --- Inference. --- Syllogisme --- Philosophie islamique --- Inférence (Logique) --- History. --- Histoire --- Inference --- History --- Islamic philosophy -- History. --- Syllogism -- History. --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Logic --- Inférence (Logique) --- Ampliative induction --- Induction, Ampliative --- Inference (Logic) --- Argumentation --- Reasoning --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Syllogism - History --- Islamic philosophy - History

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This book presents the first study of the development of the theory of modal syllogistic in the Middle Ages. It traces the theory from the first medieval commentators on Aristotle's Prior Analytics to the end of the Middle Ages. In the book, several previously unstudied texts are analysed and the works of philosophers like Robert Kilwardby, Albert the Great, Richard of Campsall, William of Ockham, John Buridan, Pseudo-Scotus, Albert of Saxony, Marsilius of Inghen and Jodocus Trutfetter are studied. These authors' views on modal syllogistics are shown to comprise important insights clarifying central issues with implications for medieval philosophy in general. The book will be of particular interest to historians of medieval philosophy and logic, but also to anyone interested in the history of logic and Aristotelian philosophy.

Logic [Medieval ] --- Logica [Middeleeuwse ] --- Logique médiévale --- Medieval logic --- Middeleeuwse logica --- Syllogism --- Modality (Logic) --- Logic, Medieval --- Syllogisme --- Modalité (Logique) --- History --- Histoire --- Logic, Medieval. --- 510.64 --- 162.2 --- -Syllogism --- -Argumentation --- Logic --- Reasoning --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Modal logic --- Nonclassical mathematical logic --- Bisimulation --- Non-classical, formal systems of logic. Modal logic. Multiple-value logics. Syllogistics. Inductive logic. Probabilistic logic --- Syllogisme. Deductie --- -History --- -510.64 --- -Non-classical, formal systems of logic. Modal logic. Multiple-value logics. Syllogistics. Inductive logic. Probabilistic logic --- 162.2 Syllogisme. Deductie --- 510.64 Non-classical, formal systems of logic. Modal logic. Multiple-value logics. Syllogistics. Inductive logic. Probabilistic logic --- -Medieval logic --- Argumentation --- Modalité (Logique) --- Logique médiévale --- To 1500 --- Syllogism - History - To 1500. --- Modality (Logic) - History - To 1500.

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This volume traces the development of Aristotle’s hypothetical syllogistic through antiquity, and shows for the first time how it later became misidentified with the logic of the rival Stoic school. By charting the origins of this error, the book illuminates elements of Aristotelian logic that have been obscured for almost two thousand years, and raises important issues concerning the distinctive roles of semantic and syntactic analysis in theories of logical consequence. The first chapters of the book deal with the original Aristotelian hypothetical syllogistic, and explain how Aristotle’s later followers began to conflate it with Stoic logic. The final chapters examine in detail the two most crucial surviving treatments of the subject, Boethius’s On hypothetical syllogisms and On Cicero’s Topics , which carried this conflation into the Middle Ages.

Ancient logic --- Antieke logica --- Logic [Ancient ] --- Logica [Antieke ] --- Logica van de Oudheid --- Logique ancienne --- Logique de l'Antiquité --- Philosophes du Portique --- Philosophes stoïciens --- Philosophie du Portique --- Philosophie stoïcienne --- Portique (Philosophie grecque) --- Portique [Le ] (Ecole philosophique ancienne) --- Stoa (Filosofische school) --- Stoicism --- Stoics --- Stoïciens --- Stoïcijnen --- Stoïcisme --- Stoïcisme (Philosophie grecque) --- École du Portique --- École stoïcienne --- Logic, Ancient --- Syllogism --- Hypothesis --- Syllogisme --- Hypothèse --- History --- Histoire --- Aristotle --- Boethius, --- Contributions in logic. --- Logic, Ancient. --- Stoics. --- History. --- -Logic, Ancient --- -Argumentation --- Logic --- Reasoning --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Ethics --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Assumption --- Supposition --- Science --- Methodology --- -Boethius --- -Arisṭāṭṭil --- Aristo, --- Aristote --- Aristotel --- Aristotele --- Aristoteles --- Aristóteles, --- Aristòtil --- Aristotile --- Arisṭū --- Arisṭūṭālīs --- Arisutoteresu --- Arystoteles --- Ya-li-shih-to-te --- Ya-li-ssu-to-te --- Yalishiduode --- Yalisiduode --- Ἀριστοτέλης --- Аристотел --- ארסטו --- אריםטו --- אריסטו --- אריסטוטלס --- אריסטוטלוס --- אריסטוטליס --- أرسطاطاليس --- أرسططاليس --- أرسطو --- أرسطوطالس --- أرسطوطاليس --- ابن رشد --- اريسطو --- Contributions in logic --- -History --- -Contributions in logic --- -Ancient logic --- Argumentation --- -Aristoteles --- Hypothèse --- Stoïcisme --- Aristotle. --- Boèce, --- Boeces, --- Boeci, --- Boeci, Anici Manli Severí, --- Boecio, --- Boecio, A. M. S., --- Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus, --- Boethus, Severinus, --- Boetius, --- Boetius, Annitius Manlius Severinus, --- Boetius, Auitius Maulius Torquatus Severinus, --- Boetius, Auitius Torquatus Severinus, --- Boėt︠s︡iĭ, --- Boėt︠s︡iĭ, Severin, --- Boezio, --- Boezio, Anicio Manlio Severino, --- Boezio Seuerino, --- Boezio, Seuerino, --- Boezio Severino, --- Boezio, Severino, --- Boʹisi, --- Severin Boėt︠s︡iĭ, --- Severinus Boethus, --- Aristoteles. --- Boethius --- Arisṭāṭṭil --- Αριστοτέλης --- Pseudo Aristotele --- Pseudo-Aristotle --- アリストテレス --- Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus --- Boetius, Manlius --- Boezio, Anicio Manlio Severino --- Boèce --- Hypothesis. --- Syllogism. --- Arisṭ --- Boėt͡siĭ, --- Boėt͡siĭ, Severin, --- Severin Boėt͡siĭ, --- Syllogism - History. --- Hypothesis - History.