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This study examines in detail the origins of ultraroyal hostility to the social and political changes rendered by the French Revolution. France has produced a variety of theories of decline, corresponding to the nation's changing political fortunes in Europe and the world. The Revolution represented another, at least temporary, victory of the state apparatus over local community and privilege, and it stimulated the longing, apparent in all parts of the country after the fall of Napoleon, for a return to older forms of society and government that were essentially provincial and rural. The stevedores of Marseille, the fisherman of Brittany, and the peasants of the Auvergne saw plainly enough that the Revolution had not solved the problems of poverty and economic distress. Like the nobles, the ex-parlementarians, and the descendants of local oligarchies, they were hostile to the ascendancy of Paris. On all levels of French society were those who selectively remembered the best of the Old Regime, dwelt on the most obvious failures of the Revolution's religious and welfare policies, and blamed facile utilitarians who did not understand tradition for the destruction of the pre-1789 institutions. This book examines in depth the form that ultraroyalism took in Toulouse.

Monarchy --- Toulouse (France) --- Politics and government. --- French monarchy --- Monarchy, French --- Tholoza (France) --- Tolosa (France) --- Tolose (France) --- Tuluza (France) --- European history

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Comment se reconstruisent les communautés juives de France après la tourmente de la Seconde Guerre mondiale ? Quels effets auront sur elles l'arrivée, non prévue mais finalement attendue, des juifs d'Afrique du Nord ? L'exemple de la communauté juive de Toulouse permet de donner des réponses – encore provisoires – à ces problèmes. Il laisse voir entre 1945 et 1970 une judaïcité en pleine mutation, tant sur le plan sociologique que culturel.

Jews --- History --- Toulouse (France) --- Ethnic relations. --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Tholoza (France) --- Tolosa (France) --- Tolose (France) --- Tuluza (France) --- histoire --- communauté juive --- judaïsme

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Toulouse (France) --- History --- Antiquities --- Histoire --- Antiquités --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- -Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- -Toulouse (France) --- -Antiquities --- -Excavations (Archaeology) --- Antiquités --- Archaeological digs --- Tholoza (France) --- Tolosa (France) --- Tolose (France) --- Tuluza (France) --- Antiquities. --- History. --- Toulouse --- Excavations (Archaeology) - France - Toulouse --- Toulouse (France) - History --- Toulouse (France) - Antiquities

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From public executions to religious processions to political festivities, Toulouse's ceremonial life was remarkably rich in the decades prior to the French Revolution. In an engaging portrait that conveys this provincial city in all its splendor and misery, Robert Schneider explores how Toulouse's civic and community life was represented in the stagings of various ceremonies. His inquiry is based on the unpublished diaries of Pierre Barthès, a Latin tutor who was both a devout Catholic and a monarchist, and who recorded forty years of public activity in ways that reflected the mounting social tensions of his times. By analyzing Barthès's accounts, Schneider demonstrates how the variety of ceremonial forms embodied different ritual dynamics and represented contrasting values. The author focuses most intently on the differences between the solemn religious procession, which was highly participatory and represented local concerns, and the more celebratory festival, which vaunted the monarchy and turned the people into passive spectators. He examines the theatrical nature of often hastily orchestrated religious parades winding through neighborhood streets, then considers the monarchy's use of plazas for staged entertainment, particularly for awe-inspiring displays of fireworks. Schneider argues that the festival proved a successful tool in imposing the symbols of the centralized state on Toulouse's public life, but that both the procession and the festival incorporated powerful ceremonial forms that proved politically useful for the Revolution.

Barthès, Pierre, --- Toulouse (France) --- Tholoza (France) --- Tolosa (France) --- Tolose (France) --- Tuluza (France) --- Rites and ceremonies --- Ceremonies --- Cult --- Cultus --- Ecclesiastical rites and ceremonies --- Religious ceremonies --- Religious rites --- Rites of passage --- Traditions --- Ritualism --- Manners and customs --- Mysteries, Religious --- Ritual --- History --- Barthes, Pierre, --- History.

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Women --- Femmes --- History --- Histoire --- Toulouse (France) --- Social conditions --- Conditions sociales --- Albigenses. --- 273.21 --- -Albigneses --- Albigenses --- Social history --- -Descriptive sociology --- Sociology --- Albigensians --- Cathari --- Catharists --- Cathars --- Christian heresies --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Manicheïsme --- -History --- -Social conditions --- -Manicheïsme --- -Toulouse (France) --- 273.21 Manicheïsme --- -Albigensians --- Descriptive sociology --- Tholoza (France) --- Tolosa (France) --- Tolose (France) --- Tuluza (France) --- Social conditions. --- Women - France - Toulouse - History - Middle Ages, 500-1500. --- Cathares --- Histoire sociale medievale