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"Vocational guidance is bound up first of all with educational problems, and second with economic and social questions. On this account the reader must not expect a book on the subject to offer anything like a complete program or solution of the problem. The breadth of the field considered in this book, however, should prove a distinct advantage to those readers who are willing to set aside the desire for short cuts and to work out thoughtful proposals for bettering hopeful but inadequate pioneering on the one hand and complete neglect on the other. As a civic force, vocational guidance is concerned with increasing the knowledge of occupational problems, as a necessary basis for their cooperative solution. As a moral force, the counselor must inculcate not only the personal virtues needed in the successful pursuit of one's calling, but also the social helpfulness based on the understanding that the cooperative opportunities are greater than the competitive, and on the theory of society, "We are members one of another." As an agent of culture, vocational guidance seeks for harmonious and refined living in street, store, factory, shop, farm, and mine, as well as in the literary society and at the fireside. This book is offered as a contribution to the preparation for the task ahead of us: it is the hope of the writer that it may become a part of the literature of the reconstruction"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
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"This book, like The Boy and His Gang, springs directly from personal experiences in the Lyman School for Boys, the Industrial School of Massachusetts for delinquent boys. Under the efficient leadership of Superintendent T.F. Chapin, this school has been made over from one of the old military type to a free school where boys, through learning to do by doing, are given a chance to obtain a practical common-sense education. I should not forget our band of twenty-five boys. In this band the boys received such thorough training in music that several of them went directly from the school to good paying positions. It is evident without discussion that such an industrial school offers an almost ideal field for vocational training and guidance, and the spirit of nearly all the masters, matrons, and teachers was to get the right kind of boy into the right place. As principal of the school, the responsibility for the discipline of the boys fell upon my shoulders. In the first six months of experience I discovered that the easiest and best way to discipline a boy was to get him into the work he liked. I therefore made a careful study of the family history, the talents, experience, and ambition of each boy, with the idea of right guidance. After three years' work in the Lyman School and three years' study in Clark University, I acted for three summers as a substitute probation officer of the Boston Juvenile Court. Here again was reenforced the fact that success in handling a difficult boy depends largely upon getting him into the work he likes. These experiences gave me a large and interesting acquaintance with unfortunate boys, many of whom when in trouble--and not infrequently a perplexed parent--came to my home in Needham, twelve miles out of Boston, to find out what to do. As the direct result of these visits the office for vocational guidance was opened in Boston. In the last eight years lecture work has taken me into every section of this country, and I have purposely so planned my trips as to spend practically one half the time in consultation with experts and in the investigation of industrial and occupational conditions in cities and in the country. This book is the outgrowth of all these experiences"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
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"Six years ago when the author undertook to teach a course in vocations to college students, he felt that what the students needed was not a content course of information about occupations but rather a course in the principles and methods underlying the choice of a vocation. This does not mean that college or high school students do not need vocational information. One of the three principles underlying the choice of a vocation is vocational information, but this information must be gathered by the student, in the light of certain methods advocated in this book. A thorough survey of vocational literature revealed that there was not a single book, or even a pamphlet, suitable as a classroom text. Consequently the author worked out an outline for a course and developed it into lectures. These lectures have gradually been modified and improved as the course was repeated year by year, and form the background of this book"--
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De plus en plus complexes, exigeants et incertains, les parcours professionnels contemporains posent des défis inédits à la psychologie du conseil et de l'orientation. D'une part, l'accompagnement d'orientation se doit d'adopter une perspective temporelle étendue et s'atteler aux nombreuses transitions qui s'étalent de la première entrée dans le monde du travail jusqu'au passage à la retraite. D'autre part, il doit répondre à une logique inclusive en s'adaptant aux besoins de publics hétérogènes, comme les personnes en situation de handicap, les jeunes à risque de précarité ou les migrant·e·s en quête d'insertion professionnelle. Repères pour l'orientation s'adresse ainsi à tout·e praticien·ne, chercheuse ou chercheur s'intéressant aux rapports entre individu, formation et travail. Combinant des approches théoriques émergentes, des recherches récentes et des propositions d'outils d'intervention, les douze chapitres qui le composent constituent donc des points de repère pour mieux comprendre et accompagner des publics variés aux prises avec des enjeux d'orientation tout au long de la vie.
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This book is a study of the relationships between vocation, on the one hand, and personality, intelligence, and life history, on the other. The Psychology of Occupations makes the point that, within limits, occupational choice may be taken as an indication of some aspects of self-image. It explores the dynamics of this self-classification. Written from the clinician's viewpoint, the book is sufficiently broad in scope to serve readers in both the vocational and psychological fields. It presents all the available data on psychological variation among people in different occupations. It also provides a new and rewarding perspective on such matters as normative development and theory, educational theory, social background factors, and occupational choice and satisfactions. One of the book's most important features is its use of a new classification of occupations, constructed to fit psychological principles as well as as the occupational field. The classification is unique and two-dimensional, permitting an overview of the whole occupational world which is both general and precise. It makes possible the meaningful organization of data on emotional, intellectual, and social factors in people in different occupations. The new patterns which emerge open up wide possibilities for research in the field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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