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The disappearance of the USSR as a superpower, to be replaced by the Russian Federation and a host of new states, has had wide-ranging consequences in the field of law. The establishment of market economies and the need to set up institutional frameworks to foster the rule of law have precipitated comprehensive domestic law reforms in the countries concerned. The major focus of the present work, however, is on the metamorphosis of the network of international law relations, brought about by the fundamental change in the political and constitutional climate and the emergence of numerous new actors. Apart from the relations between states as the classical province of international law, the impact of international law on national legal orders has acquired overwhelming importance and the successor states of the Soviet Union have not escaped the effect of this development. Some of the most urgent questions thrown up by these developments are analyzed by a team of leading legal specialists from the Russian Federation, North America, and Western Europe.

Human rights --- International and municipal law --- International law and domestic law

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Merchants -- Legal status, laws, etc -- Great Britain --- Economic assistance, Domestic -- Law and legislation -- Great Britain --- Great Britain -- Economic policy

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Economic development projects --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Regional planning --- Projets de développement économique --- Aide au développement économique régional --- Aménagement du territoire --- Law and legislation --- Droit --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Economic policy --- Politique économique --- Projets de développement économique --- Aide au développement économique régional --- Aménagement du territoire --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Politique économique --- Economic development projects - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Economic assistance, Domestic - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Regional planning - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- European Union countries - Economic policy

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Subsidies --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Finance, Public --- Subventions --- Aide au développement économique régional --- Finances publiques --- Economic development projects --- Regional planning --- Law and legislation --- EEC / European Union - EU -Europese Unie - Union Européenne - UE --- 334.151.4 --- 334.151.7 --- EG : regionaal beleid. Europees Fonds voor Regionale Ontwikkeling. --- EG : industrieel- en energiebeleid. --- Aide au développement économique régional --- Anti-poverty programs --- Government economic assistance --- Regional development --- State planning --- Development projects, Economic --- Projects, Economic development --- EG : regionaal beleid. Europees Fonds voor Regionale Ontwikkeling --- EG : industrieel- en energiebeleid --- Government policy --- Economic policy --- National service --- Grants-in-aid --- Human settlements --- Land use --- Planning --- City planning --- Landscape protection --- Economic assistance --- Technical assistance --- Economic development projects - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Economic assistance, Domestic - Law and legislation - European Union countries --- Regional planning - Law and legislation - European Union countries

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In 1989, when the Cold War ended, there were six permanent international courts. Today there are more than two dozen that have collectively issued over thirty-seven thousand binding legal rulings. The New Terrain of International Law charts the developments and trends in the creation and role of international courts, and explains how the delegation of authority to international judicial institutions influences global and domestic politics. The New Terrain of International Law presents an in-depth look at the scope and powers of international courts operating around the world. Focusing on dispute resolution, enforcement, administrative review, and constitutional review, Karen Alter argues that international courts alter politics by providing legal, symbolic, and leverage resources that shift the political balance in favor of domestic and international actors who prefer policies more consistent with international law objectives. International courts name violations of the law and perhaps specify remedies. Alter explains how this limited power--the power to speak the law--translates into political influence, and she considers eighteen case studies, showing how international courts change state behavior. The case studies, spanning issue areas and regions of the world, collectively elucidate the political factors that often intervene to limit whether or not international courts are invoked and whether international judges dare to demand significant changes in state practices.

International law --- International law. --- International courts. --- Human rights. --- Political science --- Law --- International Relations --- General. --- International. --- International courts --- Human Rights --- Andean Tribunal. --- Cold War. --- ECOWAS. --- IC legal review. --- Niger. --- US Congress. --- WTO. --- World War II. --- administrative review. --- authoritarian countries. --- compliance. --- constitutional obedience. --- constitutional review. --- dispute resolution. --- dispute settlement. --- domestic administrative actors. --- domestic courts. --- domestic judges. --- domestic law. --- domestic politics. --- enforcement. --- governments. --- human rights. --- international agreements. --- international court. --- international courts. --- international judicial landscape. --- international judiciary. --- international justice. --- international law. --- international legal institutions. --- international politics. --- international relations. --- judicial architecture. --- judicialization. --- jurisdiction. --- law. --- legal agreement. --- legal practice. --- legal violations. --- legislative process. --- legitimated actors. --- litigants. --- litigation. --- national legal orders. --- nonstate actors. --- political actors. --- political influence. --- rule of law. --- state behaviour. --- state parties. --- state practices. --- supranational administrators. --- unconstitutional acts.