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Religion and liberty are often thought to be mutual enemies: if religion has a natural ally, it is authoritarianism--not republicanism or democracy. But in this book, Maurizio Viroli, a leading historian of republican political thought, challenges this conventional wisdom. He argues that political emancipation and the defense of political liberty have always required the self-sacrifice of people with religious sentiments and a religious devotion to liberty. This is particularly the case when liberty is threatened by authoritarianism: the staunchest defenders of liberty are those who feel a deeply religious commitment to it. Viroli makes his case by reconstructing, for the first time, the history of the Italian "religion of liberty," covering its entire span but focusing on three key examples of political emancipation: the free republics of the late Middle Ages, the Risorgimento of the nineteenth century, and the antifascist Resistenza of the twentieth century. In each example, Viroli shows, a religious spirit that regarded moral and political liberty as the highest goods of human life was fundamental to establishing and preserving liberty. He also shows that when this religious sentiment has been corrupted or suffocated, Italians have lost their liberty. This book makes a powerful and provocative contribution to today's debates about the compatibility of religion and republicanism.

Religion and state --- Religion and politics --- Liberty --- State and religion --- State, The --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Politics and religion --- Religion --- Religions --- History. --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- History --- Adolfo Omodeo. --- Alessandro Manzoni. --- Amelia Pincherle Rosselli. --- Benedetto Croce. --- Bruni. --- Calamandrei. --- Camillo Benso. --- Carlo Rosselli. --- Catholic Church. --- Catholicism. --- Catholics. --- Christian conscience. --- Christian faith. --- Christian religion. --- Christianity. --- Christians. --- Cuoco. --- Don Giovanni Minzoni. --- Du Contrat Social. --- Ernesto Rossi. --- Gaetano Salvemini. --- Giuseppe Garibaldi. --- Giuseppe Mazzini. --- God. --- Guicciardini. --- Italian fatherland. --- Italian history. --- Italian liberty. --- Italian military virtue. --- Italy. --- Jean-Jacques Roussea. --- Lauro de Bosis. --- Luigi Settembrini. --- Machiavelli. --- Massimo Mila. --- Nazism. --- Nello Rosselli. --- Palmieri. --- Piero Martinetti. --- Quattrocento political thought. --- Raffaello Lambruschini. --- Risorgimento. --- Salutati. --- Silvio Pellico. --- Storia d'Europa. --- Umberto Ceva. --- Vincenzo Gioberti. --- ancient Christianity. --- antifascists. --- apostles. --- authoritarianism. --- believers. --- charity. --- civic duty. --- civic humanists. --- civil religion. --- civil religiosity. --- communes. --- customs. --- divine wisdom. --- duty. --- faith. --- fascism. --- fascist religion. --- heaven. --- hell. --- inner liberty. --- late medieval Europe. --- liberty. --- lived liberty. --- martyrs. --- monarchical religion. --- monarchy. --- moral conscience. --- moral liberty. --- national unification. --- new religion. --- patron saints. --- political emancipation. --- political liberty. --- political writers. --- poverty. --- public good. --- religion. --- religious faith. --- religious hymns. --- religious movements. --- religious music. --- religious reform. --- religious ritual. --- religious spirit. --- republican government. --- republican liberty. --- republican principles. --- republican religion. --- republicanism. --- sacred law. --- totalitarian religion. --- totalitarianism.

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Sharpening the debate over the values that formed America's founding political philosophy, Barry Alan Shain challenges us to reconsider what early Americans meant when they used such basic political concepts as the public good, liberty, and slavery. We have too readily assumed, he argues, that eighteenth-century Americans understood these and other terms in an individualistic manner. However, by exploring how these core elements of their political thought were employed in Revolutionary-era sermons, public documents, newspaper editorials, and political pamphlets, Shain reveals a very different understanding--one based on a reformed Protestant communalism. In this context, individual liberty was the freedom to order one's life in accord with the demanding ethical standards found in Scripture and confirmed by reason. This was in keeping with Americans' widespread acceptance of original sin and the related assumption that a well-lived life was only possible in a tightly knit, intrusive community made up of families, congregations, and local government bodies. Shain concludes that Revolutionary-era Americans defended a Protestant communal vision of human flourishing that stands in stark opposition to contemporary liberal individualism. This overlooked component of the American political inheritance, he further suggests, demands examination because it alters the historical ground upon which contemporary political alternatives often seek legitimation, and it facilitates our understanding of much of American history and of the foundational language still used in authoritative political documents.

Sociology of culture --- United States --- Political science --- History --- 18th century --- Individualism --- Common good --- Community --- Individualism - United States - History - 18th century. --- Common good - History - 18th century. --- Community - History - 18th century. --- Common good. --- Good, Common --- Public good --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Justice --- Public interest --- Politische Wissenschaft. --- Individualismus. --- USA. --- ABŞ --- ABSh --- Ameerika Ühendriigid --- America (Republic) --- Amerika Birlăshmish Shtatlary --- Amerika Birlăşmi Ştatları --- Amerika Birlăşmiş Ştatları --- Amerika ka Kelenyalen Jamanaw --- Amerika Qūrama Shtattary --- Amerika Qŭshma Shtatlari --- Amerika Qushma Shtattary --- Amerika (Republic) --- Amerikai Egyesült Államok --- Amerikanʹ Veĭtʹsėndi︠a︡vks Shtattnė --- Amerikări Pĕrleshu̇llĕ Shtatsem --- Amerikas Forenede Stater --- Amerikayi Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Ameriketako Estatu Batuak --- Amirika Carékat --- AQSh --- Ar. ha-B. --- Arhab --- Artsot ha-Berit --- Artzois Ha'bris --- Bí-kok --- Ē.P.A. --- EE.UU. --- Egyesült Államok --- ĒPA --- Estados Unidos --- Estados Unidos da América do Norte --- Estados Unidos de América --- Estaos Xuníos --- Estaos Xuníos d'América --- Estatos Unitos --- Estatos Unitos d'America --- Estats Units d'Amèrica --- Ètats-Unis d'Amèrica --- États-Unis d'Amérique --- Fareyniḳṭe Shṭaṭn --- Feriene Steaten --- Feriene Steaten fan Amearika --- Forente stater --- FS --- Hēnomenai Politeiai Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- Hiwsisayin Amerikayi Miatsʻeal Tērutʻiwnkʻ --- Istadus Unidus --- Jungtinės Amerikos valstybės --- Mei guo --- Mei-kuo --- Meiguo --- Mî-koet --- Miatsʻyal Nahangner --- Miguk --- Na Stàitean Aonaichte --- NSA --- S.U.A. --- SAD --- Saharat ʻAmērikā --- SASht --- Severo-Amerikanskie Shtaty --- Severo-Amerikanskie Soedinennye Shtaty --- Si︠e︡vero-Amerikanskīe Soedinennye Shtaty --- Sjedinjene Američke Države --- Soedinennye Shtaty Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Severnoĭ Ameriki --- Soedinennye Shtaty Si︠e︡vernoĭ Ameriki --- Spojené obce severoamerické --- Spojené staty americké --- SShA --- Stadoù-Unanet Amerika --- Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá --- Stany Zjednoczone --- Stati Uniti --- Stati Uniti d'America --- Stâts Unîts --- Stâts Unîts di Americhe --- Steatyn Unnaneysit --- Steatyn Unnaneysit America --- SUA (Stati Uniti d'America) --- Sŭedineni amerikanski shtati --- Sŭedinenite shtati --- Tetã peteĩ reko Amérikagua --- U.S. --- U.S.A. --- United States of America --- Unol Daleithiau --- Unol Daleithiau America --- Unuiĝintaj Ŝtatoj de Ameriko --- US --- USA --- Usono --- Vaeinigte Staatn --- Vaeinigte Staatn vo Amerika --- Vereinigte Staaten --- Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika --- Verenigde State van Amerika --- Verenigde Staten --- VS --- VSA --- Wááshindoon Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amirīkīyah --- Wilāyāt al-Muttaḥidah al-Amrīkīyah --- Yhdysvallat --- Yunaeted Stet --- Yunaeted Stet blong Amerika --- ZDA --- Združene države Amerike --- Zʹi︠e︡dnani Derz︠h︡avy Ameryky --- Zjadnośone staty Ameriki --- Zluchanyi︠a︡ Shtaty Ameryki --- Zlucheni Derz︠h︡avy --- ZSA --- Η.Π.Α. --- Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες της Αμερικής --- Америка (Republic) --- Американь Вейтьсэндявкс Штаттнэ --- Америкӑри Пӗрлешӳллӗ Штатсем --- САЩ --- Съединените щати --- Злучаныя Штаты Амерыкі --- ولايات المتحدة --- ولايات المتّحدة الأمريكيّة --- ولايات المتحدة الامريكية --- 미국 --- États-Unis --- É.-U. --- ÉU --- Baptists. --- Bill of Rights. --- Boston Massacre. --- British Constitution. --- Calvinism. --- Delaware Constitution. --- European bankers. --- First Amendment. --- German totalitarianism. --- Jeffersonians. --- Kendall, Willmoore. --- Kloppenberg, James. --- Madison, James. --- Revolutionary War. --- Roman republicanism. --- abolitionists. --- ambition. --- anarchism. --- anthropocentrism. --- civil liberty. --- communalism. --- despotism. --- direct democracy. --- disasters. --- economic enterprises. --- elites. --- emergent individualism. --- familial independence. --- federalism. --- gossip. --- happiness. --- historiography. --- inalienable rights. --- intermediate institutions. --- liberalism. --- liberty. --- localism. --- majoritarianism. --- minorities. --- national government. --- nationalism. --- natural liberty. --- old Revolutionaries. --- pamphlet literature. --- personal liberty. --- police powers. --- political liberty. --- prescriptive liberties. --- publishing industry. --- rationalism. --- reciprocal dependence. --- Politikwissenschaften --- Politikwissenschaft --- Politologie --- Politische Soziologie --- Nordamerika --- Amerika --- Etats Unis --- Etats-Unis --- Estados Unidos de America --- EEUU --- Vereinigte Staaten von Nordamerika --- Soedinennye Štaty Ameriki --- SŠA --- Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki Północnej --- Hēnōmenai Politeiai tēs Boreiu Amerikēs --- Hēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- HēPA --- Ēnōmenes Politeies tēs Amerikēs --- ĒPA --- Etats-Unis d'Amérique --- Amerikaner --- Konföderierte Staaten von Amerika