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Although research has been done on pearlitic steel for decades, there are still several aspects concerning the extraordinary properties of this material which remain unclear. One of these is how the interplay between the ferrite texture and the cementite morphology influences the mechanical properties of pearlite. Throughout the investigation of the relevant literature it has become clear that an influence of this interplay is to be expected: on one hand the ferrite crystal orientation defines which slip systems are preferentially oriented for dislocation glide, while the cementite lamellae form barriers for the movement of dislocations. Furthermore this relative orientation may determine the interface structure (as semi-coherent boundaries can be present through orientation relationships), which in turn influences the nucleation and annihiliation of dislocations. Hence it is natural that the relative orientation of the ferrite crystal and the cementite lamellae plays a role in the crystal plasticity of this lamellar structure and therefore in the strength of pearlite.The investigation of this topic was based on the characterisation of pearlitic samples with different interlamellar spacings (ILS) and one ferritic sample. Three distinct techniques are applied, which each reveal information on another part of the subject: with scanning electron microscopy the (local) ILS and the soundness of the lamellar structure are recorded, with electron backscatter diffraction information on the ferrite crystal structure is obtained and the hardness and specimen modulus are determined very localised by nanoindentation. The combination of the results obtained by the different techniques allowed to draw conclusions concerning the influence of the interplay of the ferrite crystal orientation and cementite morphology on local hardness. The most important observation is that the hardness variation within each pearlitic sample is large, while the spread on the hardness is limited in...

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