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King Leopold II of Belgium was proclaimed the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State in 1885. Convincing the colonial European nations to commit to common trade and improving the lives of native inhabitants, he meanwhile extracted a fortune from the territory through an administration marked by forced labour, torture, and murder. Oliver Leu presents an eclectic collection of visual research, a reflection on both the visible representations of colonialism in Belgium today and the hidden traces of its gruesome past. He portrays an ambitious ruler with delusions of grandeur, showing the influence the exploitation of Leopold's private colony still has on contemporary Belgium.

Regional documentation --- History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- History of Congo --- anno 1800-1899 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1920-1929 --- anno 1930-1939 --- anno 1940-1949 --- anno 1950-1959 --- anno 1960-1969 --- colonization --- public art --- historic monuments --- Leopold II [King of the Belgians] --- Colonization in art --- Colonization --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Léopold --- Congo (Democratic republic) --- Belgium --- Colonies. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Colonization. --- Colonization in art. --- kunst --- 94 --- 77.044 --- 7.035/036 --- racisme --- postkolonialisme --- kolonialisme --- Leopold II --- fotografie --- Congo --- België --- geschiedenis --- eenentwintigste eeuw --- twintigste eeuw --- negentiende eeuw --- postcolonialism --- Postkolonialisme --- Koloniale geschiedenis ; België --- Thema's in de fotografie ; Belgisch Congo --- Fotografie ; reportage-opnamen --- BPB9999 --- colonialisme --- BPB2111 --- Κονγκό --- Kongo --- Конго --- Kongó --- Kongas --- Congo-Brazzaville --- il-Kongo --- Republikken Congo --- Kongo Respublika --- Congo Brazzaville --- ir-Repubblika tal-Kongo --- Δημοκρατία του Κονγκό --- Kongo Francez --- Конго-Бразавил --- République du Congo --- Kongo Republika --- Kongo Brazavilë --- Република Конго --- Brazzavillen Kongo --- French Congo --- Republika e Kongos --- Repubblica del Congo --- Republica Congo --- Republiken Kongo --- Republika Kongo --- Konžská republika --- Kongo (Brazaville) --- Republika Konga --- República do Congo --- Kongon tasavalta --- Konžská lidová republika --- Republiek Congo --- die Republik Kongo --- Kongo Vabariik --- Kongo-Brazzaville --- República del Congo --- Republic of the Congo --- Kongói Köztársaság --- kolonializmus --- колониализъм --- kolonijalizam --- Kolonialismus --- kolonializmas --- kolonialism --- kolonjaliżmu --- kolonialismi --- колонијализам --- colonialismo --- kolonializm --- colonialism --- kolonializem --- αποικιοκρατία --- kolonialismus --- koloniālisms --- kolonializëm --- neocolonialism --- neokolonialisme --- uuskolonialism --- neokolonialismus --- neokolonializmus --- neocolonialismo --- uuskolonialismi --- неоколонијализам --- neo-colonialism --- neokoloniālisms --- nykolonialism --- néocolonialisme --- kolonizace --- gyarmatosítás --- gyarmati uralom --- koloniální závislost --- gyarmatosító politika --- колонијална зависност --- колонијална доминација --- νεοαποικιοκρατία --- neokolonializmas --- Neokolonialismus --- koloniální nadvláda --- neokolonijalizam --- колонизација --- neokolonializëm --- gyarmati rendszer --- coilíneachas --- An Congó

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Religion in today's Democratic Republic of Congo has many faces: from the overflowing seminaries, the Marian shrines of the Catholic Church, the Islamic brotherhoods and the Jewish community of Lubumbashi, to the 'African' churches of the Congolese diaspora in Brussels and Paris, the healers of Kimbanguism, the televangelism of the booming Pentecostalist churches in the great cities, the Orthodox communities of Kasai and the 'invisible' Mai Mai warriors in the brousse of Kivu. During the colonial period religion was no less central to people's lives than it is today. More surprisingly, behind the seemingly smooth facade of missions linked closely to imperial power, also then faith and worship were marked by diversity and dynamism, tying the Congo into broader African and global movements. The contributions in this book provide insight into the multifaceted history of the interaction between religion and colonization. The authors focus on the institutional (including legal) political framework, examine the complex interaction between indigenous and 'imported' non-African religious beliefs and practices, and zoom in on the part religions played in the independence movement, as well as on their reaction to independence itself.

BPB9999 --- Colonisation. Decolonisation --- anno 1800-1999 --- Congo --- Colonization --- Colonization. --- Religion. --- Social conditions. --- Religious aspects. --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- 325 --- 967.5 --- 967.5 Geschiedenis van Zaïre (Kongo) --- Geschiedenis van Zaïre (Kongo) --- 325 Landverhuizing. Kolonisatie. Immigratie. Emigratie --(politiek)--EU --- Landverhuizing. Kolonisatie. Immigratie. Emigratie --(politiek)--EU --- Colonisation --- Décolonisation --- Congo (République) --- Histoire. --- BPB2012 --- colonialisme --- kolonializmus --- колониализъм --- kolonijalizam --- Kolonialismus --- kolonializmas --- kolonialism --- kolonjaliżmu --- kolonialismi --- колонијализам --- colonialismo --- kolonialisme --- kolonializm --- colonialism --- kolonializem --- αποικιοκρατία --- kolonialismus --- koloniālisms --- kolonializëm --- neocolonialism --- neokolonialisme --- uuskolonialism --- neokolonialismus --- neokolonializmus --- neocolonialismo --- uuskolonialismi --- неоколонијализам --- neo-colonialism --- neokoloniālisms --- nykolonialism --- néocolonialisme --- kolonizace --- gyarmatosítás --- gyarmati uralom --- koloniální závislost --- gyarmatosító politika --- колонијална зависност --- колонијална доминација --- νεοαποικιοκρατία --- neokolonializmas --- Neokolonialismus --- koloniální nadvláda --- neokolonijalizam --- колонизација --- neokolonializëm --- gyarmati rendszer --- Κονγκό --- Kongo --- Конго --- Kongó --- Kongas --- Congo-Brazzaville --- il-Kongo --- Republikken Congo --- Kongo Respublika --- Congo Brazzaville --- ir-Repubblika tal-Kongo --- Δημοκρατία του Κονγκό --- Kongo Francez --- Конго-Бразавил --- République du Congo --- Kongo Republika --- Kongo Brazavilë --- Република Конго --- Brazzavillen Kongo --- French Congo --- Republika e Kongos --- Repubblica del Congo --- Republica Congo --- Republiken Kongo --- Republika Kongo --- Konžská republika --- Kongo (Brazaville) --- Republika Konga --- República do Congo --- Kongon tasavalta --- Konžská lidová republika --- Republiek Congo --- die Republik Kongo --- Kongo Vabariik --- Kongo-Brazzaville --- República del Congo --- Republic of the Congo --- Kongói Köztársaság --- histoire contemporaine --- contemporary history --- suvremena povijest --- historia contemporánea --- samtidshistoria --- sodobna zgodovina --- Geschichte der Gegenwart --- istorie contemporană --- storia contemporanea --- hedendaagse geschiedenis --- soudobá historie --- nykyhistoria --- súčasné dejiny --- lähiajalugu --- šiuolaikinė istorija --- História Contemporânea --- samtidshistorie --- legújabb kori történelem --- σύγχρονη ιστορία --- histori bashkëkohore --- storja kontemporanja --- съвременна история --- jauno laiku vēsture --- historia współczesna --- современа историја --- савремена историја --- tegenwoordige tijd --- età contemporanea --- gegenwärtige Epoche --- современа епоха --- историја на новата ера --- nutidshistoria --- historie současnosti --- nykyaika --- σύγχρονη εποχή --- nutidshistorie --- современа ера --- Gegenwartsgeschichte --- σύγχρονα χρόνια --- nutid --- nieuwste geschiedenis --- epoka bashkëkohore --- jelenkor --- Idade Contemporânea --- актуелна историја --- âge contemporain --- contemporary era --- suvremena era --- Edad Contemporánea --- nüüdisaeg --- současná historie --- samtid --- époque contemporaine --- šiuolaikinė era --- Religious aspects --- Religion --- Social conditions --- History --- coilíneachas --- stair chomhaimseartha --- dekolonisatie --- koloniale geschiedenis --- religie --- An Congó --- Colonization - Religious aspects --- Aspects religieux --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - Colonization --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - Religion --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - Social conditions --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - History - 1908-1960 --- Décolonisation --- Congo (République) --- C1 --- kolonisatie --- Kerken en religie

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"Belgium was a small, neutral country without a colonial tradition when King Leopold II ceded the Congo, his personal property, to the state in 1908. For the next half-century Belgium not only ruled an African empire but also, through widespread, enduring, and eagerly embraced propaganda, produced an imperialist-minded citizenry. Selling the Congo is a study of European pro-empire propaganda in Belgium, with particular emphasis on the period 1908-60. Matthew G. Stanard questions the nature of Belgian imperialism in the Congo and considers the Belgian case in light of literature on the French, British, and other European overseas empires. Comparing Belgium to other imperial powers, the book finds that pro-empire propaganda was a basic part of European overseas expansion and administration during the modern period. Arguing against the long-held belief that Belgians were merely "reluctant imperialists," Stanard demonstrates that in fact many Belgians readily embraced imperialistic propaganda. Selling the Congo contributes to our understanding of the effectiveness of twentieth-century propaganda by revealing its successes and failures in the Belgian case. Many readers familiar with more-popular histories of Belgian imperialism will find in this book a deeper examination of European involvement in central Africa during the colonial era"-- "Examination of pro-empire propaganda advanced by Belgium during its colonial rule of the Congo"--

Public opinion --- Propaganda, Belgian --- Opinion publique --- Propagande belge --- History --- Histoire --- Belgium --- Congo (Democratic Republic) --- Belgique --- Congo (République démocratique) --- Colonies --- Colonization. --- Colonisation --- Colonization --- Congo (République démocratique) --- Central. --- Western. --- Colonialism & Post-Colonialism. --- Impérialisme --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Colonialism & Post-Colonialism. --- HISTORY / Africa / Central. --- HISTORY / Europe / Western. --- 967.5.03 --- 327.2 <4> --- 325.3 <493> --- Belgian propaganda --- Opinion, Public --- Imperialisme --- Geschiedenis van Zaïre (Kongo): Koloniale periode; Belgisch Kongo--(1884-1960) --- Imperialisme. Wereldrijken --(buitenlandse politiek)--Europa --- Koloniale expansie. Koloniale politiek. Kolonialisme. Kolonisatie--België --- 327.2 <4> Imperialisme. Wereldrijken --(buitenlandse politiek)--Europa --- 967.5.03 Geschiedenis van Zaïre (Kongo): Koloniale periode; Belgisch Kongo--(1884-1960) --- 325.3 <493> Koloniale expansie. Koloniale politiek. Kolonialisme. Kolonisatie--België --- Political science --- Africa --- Europe --- HISTORY / Africa / Central --- HISTORY / Europe / Western --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Colonialism & Post-Colonialism --- BPB1205 --- Colonialisme --- République démocratique du Congo --- Perception, Public --- Popular opinion --- Public perception --- Public perceptions --- Judgment --- Social psychology --- Attitude (Psychology) --- Focus groups --- Reputation --- België --- Kolonialisme --- Democratische Republiek Congo --- History of Congo --- History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- Advertising. Public relations --- Colonisation. Decolonisation --- anno 1900-1999 --- Kongon demokraattinen tasavalta --- Demokratická republika Kongo --- Демократска Република Конго --- Kongo Demokraatlik Vabariik --- Demokratyczna Republika Konga --- Demokratična republika Kongo --- die Demokratische Republik Kongo --- Konžská demokratická republika --- Repubblica democratica del Congo --- Демократична република Конго --- Repubblika Demokratika tal-Kongo --- Kongói Demokratikus Köztársaság --- Congo, Republica Democratică --- Congo-Kinshasa --- República Democrática del Congo --- Demokratska Republika Kongo --- Den Demokratiske Republik Congo --- Democratic Republic of the Congo --- Republika Demokratike e Kongos --- Kongo Demokratinė Respublika --- Kongo Demokrātiskā Republika --- Demokratiska republiken Kongo --- Λαϊκή Δημοκρατία του Κονγκό --- Kongo Kinšasa --- Kongo DV --- Kongo (Leopoldville) --- Kongo (býv. Zair) --- Конго Слободна Држава --- Конго Киншаса --- Kinshasa Kongo --- Zair --- Zairas --- Ζαΐρ --- República Democrática do Congo --- Заир --- Κογκό Κινσάσα --- Beļģijas Kongo --- Kinshasa --- Congo Kinshasa --- Конго-Киншаса --- Zaire --- Zaïre --- Republica Congoleză --- Kongo (Kinshasa) --- ex Zaire --- Република Конго (Леополдвил) --- Белгиско Конго --- Zaira --- Kongo-Kinshasa --- Congo belgian --- Kongo Kinshasa --- Kinshasan Kongo --- Kinshasské Kongo --- Zairská republika --- imperializmas --- imperialismus --- империализъм --- Imperialismus --- imperializëm --- imperialismi --- ιμπεριαλισμός --- imperializmus --- imperiālisms --- империјализам --- imperialism --- imperialisme --- imperjaliżmu --- imperijalizam --- imperializm --- imperialismo --- imperializem --- hegemoonia --- hégémonie --- hegemoni --- ülevõim --- hegemony --- hegemonia mundial --- хегемонија --- ylivalta --- hegjemoni --- imperiální politika --- hegemónia --- overherredømme --- ηγεμονία --- Hegemonie --- hegemonija --- egemonia --- hegemonía --- hegemonie --- kolonializmus --- колониализъм --- kolonijalizam --- Kolonialismus --- kolonializmas --- kolonialism --- kolonjaliżmu --- kolonialismi --- колонијализам --- colonialismo --- kolonialisme --- kolonializm --- colonialism --- kolonializem --- αποικιοκρατία --- kolonialismus --- koloniālisms --- kolonializëm --- neocolonialism --- neokolonialisme --- uuskolonialism --- neokolonialismus --- neokolonializmus --- neocolonialismo --- uuskolonialismi --- неоколонијализам --- neo-colonialism --- neokoloniālisms --- nykolonialism --- néocolonialisme --- kolonizace --- gyarmatosítás --- gyarmati uralom --- koloniální závislost --- gyarmatosító politika --- колонијална зависност --- колонијална доминација --- νεοαποικιοκρατία --- neokolonializmas --- Neokolonialismus --- koloniální nadvláda --- neokolonijalizam --- колонизација --- neokolonializëm --- gyarmati rendszer --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- Imperialism --- Colonies belges. --- History. --- Histoire. --- Congo (Kinshasa) --- Congo (Leopoldville) --- Congo DR --- Democratic Republic of Congo --- Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo --- DR Congo --- DRC (Democratic Republic of the Congo) --- DRK (Demokraticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Kongo) --- Kongo --- RD Congo --- R.D. Congo --- RDC (République démocratique du Congo) --- Republic of Congo (Leopoldville) --- Republic of the Congo (Leopoldville) --- République démocratique du Congo --- République du Congo (Leopoldville) --- Belgian Congo --- Bäigien --- Baljīkā --- Belchica --- Belçika --- Belçika Krallığı --- Beldjym --- Belezi --- Belga Királyság --- Beļgeja --- Belghia --- Belʹgi --- Bèlgia --- Bélgica --- Belgice --- Belgice Cynerīce --- Belgické království --- België --- Bélgii Bikéyah --- Belgii︠a︡ --- Belʹgii︠a︡ Korollege --- Beļg̓ijas Karaliste --- Belgijos Karalystė --- Belgijskô --- Belgika --- Belgiska --- Belgiya --- Belgiyah --- Belgje --- Belgjiche --- Belgjo --- Belgujo --- Belʹhii︠a︡ --- Belhika --- Bèljik --- Beljika --- Belʹjmudin Nutg --- Belsch --- Belsj --- Bélxica --- Berugī --- Bheilg --- Bilgasuyu --- Bilhika Qhapaqsuyu --- Bilkiya --- Gwlad Belg --- Igihugu cyʼUbubirigi --- Karaleŭstva Belʹhii︠a︡ --- Keuninkriek Belsj --- Kinigraich Bäigien --- Kinnekräich Belsch --- Königreich Belgien --- Königriich Belgie --- Koninkrijk België --- Koninkrijk van België --- Koninkryk van België --- Kralojstwo Belgiskej --- Mamlakat Baljīkā --- Mamlekhet Belgiyah --- Nsi ya ntotila ya Belezi --- Pelekiuma --- Pow Belg --- Reeriaght ny Belg --- Reĝlando Belgio --- Regne de Bèlgica --- Reino de Belchica --- Reino de Bélgica --- Reinu de Bélxica --- Ríocht na Beilge --- Rìoghachd na Beilge --- Royômo de Bèlg·ique --- Ruwvaneth Belgek --- Teyrnas Gwlad Belg --- Ubelgiji --- Ububiligi --- Ububirigi --- Ufalme wa Ubelgiji --- Vasileio tou Velgiou --- Vãsilia di Belghia --- Velg --- Velgio --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Βέλγιο --- Каралеўства Бельгія --- Бельги --- Бельгия --- Бельгия Короллеге --- Бельгія --- ממלכת בלגיה --- בלגיה --- بلجيكا --- مملكة بلجيكا --- ベルギー --- coilíneachas --- Poblacht Dhaonlathach an Chongó --- impiriúlachas --- Public opinion - Belgium - History - 20th century --- Propaganda, Belgian - History - 20th century --- Belgium - Colonies - Africa - Public opinion - History - 20th century --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - Colonization --- Congo (Democratic Republic) - History - 1908-1960 --- Impérialisme --- Colonies belges