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An important part of the heritage of Count Eigil Knuth (1903-1996) is his archaeological archive including contextual information on prehistoric sites gathered during six decades of research in High Arctic Greenland. The finds and observations are a key to the understanding of human life under extreme conditions in a long-term perspective and represent a unique piece of evidence concerning the early cultural history of the Eastern Arctic. Knuth’s expeditions from 1932 to 1995 took him to Greenland and Canada, in particular High Arctic Greenland. In a number of important articles Knuth published the findings dating back to the earliest human settlement in Greenland. However, he never managed to present the complete body of information and results from his many investigations. The present authors have thus compiled a computer data base based on his archive, and this has formed the starting point of the present book. The book focuses on Knuth’s most substantial contribution to archaeology: the prehistory of Peary Land and adjacent areas. In the catalogue emphasis has been placed on topographical and architectural information, site structure, artefact statistics and radiocarbon dates. A total of 154 archaeological sites are presented. 51 sites with a total of 244 features are Independence I sites (c. 2460 – 1860 cal. BC), 23 sites with a total of 416 features belong to Independence II (c. 900 – 400 cal. BC) and 63 sites with a total of 626 features are of Thule origin (c. 1400 – 1500 ca. AD). It has not been our ambition to re-analyse the finds or add new empirical data in connection with the production of this book. We do, however, present some new information on the faunal material from Peary Land based on Christyann Darwent’s recent analyses as well as new data on the dwelling features on the Adam C. Knuth Site, which was visited by a multidisciplinary team in 2001. The book is provided with an introduction presenting an overview and evaluation of Knuth’s remarkable curriculum vitae as an independent arctic archaeologist. In the concluding chapters some basic statistics on the archaeological sites are presented. We evaluate Knuth’s radiocarbon datings of the Independence I, Independence II and Thule cultures in High Arctic Greenland, and settlement distributions and settlement patterns for the three cultures represented in Peary Land are discussed.

Excavations (Archaeology) --- Archaeological digs --- Archaeological excavations --- Digs (Archaeology) --- Excavation sites (Archaeology) --- Ruins --- Sites, Excavation (Archaeology) --- Archaeology --- Knuth, Eigil, --- Greenland --- Grønland --- Groenlandia --- Grenlandii︠a︡ --- Groilandia --- Grænland --- Groenland --- Kalaallit Nunaat --- Gruntland --- Engronelant --- Engroneland --- Gronlandia --- Grēneland --- Qrenlandiya --- Chhen̳-tē --- Грэнландыя --- Hrėnlandyi︠a︡ --- Grenland --- Greunland --- Гренландия --- Гренланди --- Grenlandi --- Калааллит Нунаат --- Grónsko --- Ynys Las --- Lasynys --- Haʼaʼaahjí Hakʼaz Dineʼé Bikéyah --- Grónlandska --- Gröönimaa --- Γροιλανδία --- Gronlando --- Grenlando --- Grienlân --- Ghraonlainn --- Greenlynn --- Çheer y Sniaghtey --- Grenlandia --- Гринлэндин Арл --- Grinlėndin Arl --- 그린란드 --- Gŭrinlandŭ --- Akukittut --- גרינלנד --- Grinland --- Goronulande --- Grenlande --- Grenlandija --- Groenlandi --- Гренланд --- Groentlālpan --- Gruunlaand --- グリーンランド --- Gurīnrando --- Greenlun --- Griinland --- Verdi-lande --- Гренландий --- Grenlandiĭ --- Gröönland --- Gronelândia --- Groelândia --- Groenlanda --- Kalalit Nunat --- Grunlandya --- Gräinlound --- Groenlannia --- Grynlandyjo --- Grönlanti --- Lupanlunti --- Ґренландія --- Groenlaand --- גרינלאנד --- Grínlándì --- Grenlandėjė --- 格陵兰 --- Gelinglan --- Kalâtdlit-Nunât --- Discovery and exploration.

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geology --- glaciology --- geophysics --- hydrology --- climate --- palaeoclimate --- Geology --- Géologie --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Geology. --- Greenland. --- Denmark. --- Dacia (Kingdom) --- Dania --- Dani --- Danie Korolygʺo --- Danii͡ --- Danii͡alʺul Khanlʺi --- Danimārk --- Danimarka --- Danimarka Krallığı --- Daniyah --- Danmark --- Dannemarc --- Danska --- Danyah --- Denemarke --- Denemarken --- Denemearc --- Denemearc þæt Cynerīce --- Denmaakʻ --- Dennemarck --- Dinamarca --- Kingdom of Denmark --- Kongeriget Danmark --- Koninkryk van Denemarke --- Ndinamayka --- Reino de Dinamarca --- Akukittut --- Çheer y Sniaghtey --- Chhen̳-t --- Engroneland --- Engronelant --- Gelinglan --- Ghraonlainn --- Goronulande --- Grænland --- Gräinlound --- Greenlun --- Greenlynn --- Grēneland --- Grenland --- Grenlande --- Grenlandėj --- Grenlandi --- Grenlandia --- Grenlandii͡ --- Grenlandija --- Grenlando --- Greunland --- Grienlân --- Griinland --- Grinland --- Grínlánd --- Grinlėndin Arl --- Groelândia --- Groenlaand --- Groenland --- Groenlanda --- Groenlandi --- Groenlandia --- Groenlannia --- Groentlālpan --- Groilandia --- Gronelândia --- Grønland --- Gronlandia --- Gronlando --- Grónlandska --- Grönlanti --- Grónsko --- Gröönimaa --- Gröönland --- Grunlandya --- Gruntland --- Gruunlaand --- Grynlandyjo --- Gŭrinland --- Gurīnrando --- Haʼaʼaahjí Hakʼaz Dineʼé Bikéyah --- Hrėnlandyi͡ --- Kalaallit Nunaat --- Kalalit Nunat --- Kalâtdlit-Nunât --- Lasynys --- Lupanlunti --- Qrenlandiya --- Verdi-lande --- Ynys Las

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Geology --- Geognosy --- Geoscience --- Earth sciences --- Natural history --- Greenland --- Grønland --- Groenlandia --- Grenlandii︠a︡ --- Groilandia --- Grænland --- Groenland --- Kalaallit Nunaat --- Gruntland --- Engronelant --- Engroneland --- Gronlandia --- Grēneland --- Qrenlandiya --- Chhen̳-tē --- Грэнландыя --- Hrėnlandyi︠a︡ --- Grenland --- Greunland --- Гренландия --- Гренланди --- Grenlandi --- Калааллит Нунаат --- Grónsko --- Ynys Las --- Lasynys --- Haʼaʼaahjí Hakʼaz Dineʼé Bikéyah --- Grónlandska --- Gröönimaa --- Γροιλανδία --- Gronlando --- Grenlando --- Grienlân --- Ghraonlainn --- Greenlynn --- Çheer y Sniaghtey --- Grenlandia --- Гринлэндин Арл --- Grinlėndin Arl --- 그린란드 --- Gŭrinlandŭ --- Akukittut --- גרינלנד --- Grinland --- Goronulande --- Grenlande --- Grenlandija --- Groenlandi --- Гренланд --- Groentlālpan --- Gruunlaand --- グリーンランド --- Gurīnrando --- Greenlun --- Griinland --- Verdi-lande --- Гренландий --- Grenlandiĭ --- Gröönland --- Gronelândia --- Groelândia --- Groenlanda --- Kalalit Nunat --- Grunlandya --- Gräinlound --- Groenlannia --- Grynlandyjo --- Grönlanti --- Lupanlunti --- Ґренландія --- Groenlaand --- גרינלאנד --- Grínlándì --- Grenlandėjė --- 格陵兰 --- Gelinglan --- Kalâtdlit-Nunât

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The publications of the Hakluyt Society made available edited (and sometimes translated) early accounts of exploration. The first series, which ran from 1847 to 1899, consists of 100 books containing published or previously unpublished works by authors from Christopher Columbus to Sir Francis Drake, and covering voyages to the New World, to China and Japan, to Russia and to Africa and India. This volume (published in 1855) contains three narratives: Frederick Martens' description of a voyage to Spitzbergen in 1671, first translated into English and published in 1694 in a book of voyages dedicated to Samuel Pepys, then Secretary to the Admiralty; the Relation du Groeneland of Isaac de la Peyrère (published anonymously in French in 1663 and specially translated for this book); and the extraordinary account of the survival of eight Englishmen 'left by mischance in Green-land' for nine months in 1630.

Natural history --- Svalbard (Norway) --- Spitsbergen Island (Norway) --- Greenland --- Description and travel --- History, Natural --- Natural science --- Physiophilosophy --- Biology --- Science --- Grønland --- Groenlandia --- Grenlandii︠a︡ --- Groilandia --- Grænland --- Groenland --- Kalaallit Nunaat --- Gruntland --- Engronelant --- Engroneland --- Gronlandia --- Grēneland --- Qrenlandiya --- Chhen̳-tē --- Грэнландыя --- Hrėnlandyi︠a︡ --- Grenland --- Greunland --- Гренландия --- Гренланди --- Grenlandi --- Калааллит Нунаат --- Grónsko --- Ynys Las --- Lasynys --- Haʼaʼaahjí Hakʼaz Dineʼé Bikéyah --- Grónlandska --- Gröönimaa --- Γροιλανδία --- Gronlando --- Grenlando --- Grienlân --- Ghraonlainn --- Greenlynn --- Çheer y Sniaghtey --- Grenlandia --- Гринлэндин Арл --- Grinlėndin Arl --- 그린란드 --- Gŭrinlandŭ --- Akukittut --- גרינלנד --- Grinland --- Goronulande --- Grenlande --- Grenlandija --- Groenlandi --- Гренланд --- Groentlālpan --- Gruunlaand --- グリーンランド --- Gurīnrando --- Greenlun --- Griinland --- Verdi-lande --- Гренландий --- Grenlandiĭ --- Gröönland --- Gronelândia --- Groelândia --- Groenlanda --- Kalalit Nunat --- Grunlandya --- Gräinlound --- Groenlannia --- Grynlandyjo --- Grönlanti --- Lupanlunti --- Ґренландія --- Groenlaand --- גרינלאנד --- Grínlándì --- Grenlandėjė --- 格陵兰 --- Gelinglan --- Kalâtdlit-Nunât --- Shpit︠s︡bergen (Norway) --- Spitzbergen Island (Norway) --- Vestspitsbergen (Norway) --- West Spitsbergen (Norway) --- Svalbard --- Spietsbergenøgruppen (Norway) --- Svalbard Archipelago (Norway) --- Spitsbergen (Norway)

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This 1875 manual presents a detailed scientific picture of Greenland and its Arctic environment. Edited by the geologist Thomas Rupert Jones (1819-1911), it was prepared for the British Arctic Expedition of the same year in order to inform and instruct the explorers. The work presents previously ascertained information, ranging from astronomical data, including observations of the northern lights, through to material on plant and animal life. Sir George Nares (1831-1915), the expedition's leader, had hoped the North Pole could be reached. Though this proved impossible, a team of his men set a record for the furthest northern latitude attained at the time. Underpinning the expedition's gathering of important scientific and geographical results, this manual clarifies for modern readers the specific objectives of late Victorian polar research. Nares' official 1876 report and his 1878 two-volume account of the journey are also reissued in the Cambridge Library Collection.

Natural history --- Scientific expeditions --- Greenland. --- Expeditions, Scientific --- Scientific voyages --- Travels --- Voyages, Scientific --- Voyages and travels --- History, Natural --- Natural science --- Physiophilosophy --- Biology --- Science --- Grønland --- Groenlandia --- Grenlandii︠a︡ --- Groilandia --- Grænland --- Groenland --- Kalaallit Nunaat --- Gruntland --- Engronelant --- Engroneland --- Gronlandia --- Grēneland --- Qrenlandiya --- Chhen̳-tē --- Грэнландыя --- Hrėnlandyi︠a︡ --- Grenland --- Greunland --- Гренландия --- Гренланди --- Grenlandi --- Калааллит Нунаат --- Grónsko --- Ynys Las --- Lasynys --- Haʼaʼaahjí Hakʼaz Dineʼé Bikéyah --- Grónlandska --- Gröönimaa --- Γροιλανδία --- Gronlando --- Grenlando --- Grienlân --- Ghraonlainn --- Greenlynn --- Çheer y Sniaghtey --- Grenlandia --- Гринлэндин Арл --- Grinlėndin Arl --- 그린란드 --- Gŭrinlandŭ --- Akukittut --- גרינלנד --- Grinland --- Goronulande --- Grenlande --- Grenlandija --- Groenlandi --- Гренланд --- Groentlālpan --- Gruunlaand --- グリーンランド --- Gurīnrando --- Greenlun --- Griinland --- Verdi-lande --- Гренландий --- Grenlandiĭ --- Gröönland --- Gronelândia --- Groelândia --- Groenlanda --- Kalalit Nunat --- Grunlandya --- Gräinlound --- Groenlannia --- Grynlandyjo --- Grönlanti --- Lupanlunti --- Ґренландія --- Groenlaand --- גרינלאנד --- Grínlándì --- Grenlandėjė --- 格陵兰 --- Gelinglan --- Kalâtdlit-Nunât