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It is not inacurate to say that from 1928 to 1936 Carnap was a member of the Vienna Circle, even though during this period he was not always present in Vienna. During this years, which spanned roughly the period from the Aufbau to Testability and Meaning, he worked or at least discussed frequently with the members of the group. However, traditionally it has been difficult to form a proper view of the development of Carnap's ideas throughout this period, mainly because of three errors which have persisted in the commonly accepted historical interpretation of Carnap and the Vienna Circle: emphasis on the Circle as a unit rather than a collective of individuals; insistence on verificationism as the defining characteristic of Logical Positivism; and the systematic abstraction of the work of the Circle from its historical context. As against this historically distorted image, this book argues for an alternative reading, evaluating the different influences on Carnap of Schlick, Wittgenstein, Neurath and Popper, and making sense of Carnap's evolution from physicalism to phenomenalism and the syntactic point of view.

Empiricism --- Logical positivism --- Vienna circle

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Vienna circle. --- Logical positivism --- Cercle de Vienne --- Positivisme logique --- History --- Histoire --- Vienna circle

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A dazzling group biography of the early twentieth-century thinkers who transformed the way the world thought about math and science. Inspired by Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and Bertrand Russell and David Hilbert's pursuit of the fundamental rules of mathematics, some of the most brilliant minds of the generation came together in post-World War I Vienna to present the latest theories in mathematics, science, and philosophy and to build a strong foundation for scientific investigation. Composed of such luminaries as Kurt Gödel and Rudolf Carnap, and stimulated by the works of Ludwig Wittgenstein and Karl Popper, the Vienna Circle left an indelible mark on science.

Science --- Vienna circle. --- Logical positivism. --- Philosophie des sciences --- Positivisme logique. --- Philosophy --- History --- Histoire --- Wiener Kreis.

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Philosophy of science --- Neurath, Otto --- 1 NEURATH, OTTO --- Science --- -Science --- -Vienna circle --- -Viennese circle --- Wiener Kreis --- Philosophers --- Logical positivism --- Natural science --- Science of science --- Sciences --- Filosofie. Psychologie--NEURATH, OTTO --- Methodology --- -History --- Philosophy --- History --- -Knowledge --- -Filosofie. Psychologie--NEURATH, OTTO --- 1 NEURATH, OTTO Filosofie. Psychologie--NEURATH, OTTO --- Vienna circle --- Viennese circle --- Methodology&delete& --- Philosophy&delete& --- Neurath, Otto, --- Knowledge --- Science. --- Vienna Circle --- Science - Philosophy - History. --- Science - Methodology - History. --- Vienna circle - History. --- Neurath, Otto, 1882-1945 - Knowledge - Science. --- Natural sciences

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This abridged and revised edition of the original book (Springer-Verlag Vienna, 2001) offers the only comprehensive history and documentation of the Vienna Circle based on new sources with an innovative historiographical approach to the study of science. With reference to previously unpublished archival material and more recent literature, it refutes a number of widespread clichés about "neo-positivism" or "logical positivism". Following some insights on the relation between the history of science and the philosophy of science, the book offers an accessible introduction to the complex subject of "the rise of scientific philosophy” in its socio-cultural background and European philosophical networks till the forced migration in the Anglo-Saxon world. The first part of the book focuses on the origins of Logical Empiricism before World War I and the development of the Vienna Circle in "Red Vienna" (with the "Verein Ernst Mach"), its fate during Austro-Fascism (Schlick's murder 1936) and its final expulsion by National-Socialism beginning with the "Anschluß" in 1938. It analyses the dynamics of the Schlick-Circle in the intellectual context of "late enlightenment" including the minutes of the meetings from 1930 on for the first time published and presents an extensive description of the meetings and international Unity of Science conferences between 1929 and 1941. The chapters introduce the leading philosophers of the Schlick Circle (e.g., Hans Hahn, Otto Neurath, Rudolf Carnap, Philipp Frank, Felix Kaufmann, Edgar Zilsel) and describe the conflicting interaction between Moritz Schlick and Otto Neurath, the long term communication between Moritz Schlick, Friedrich Waismann and Ludwig Wittgenstein, as well as between the Vienna Circle with Heinrich Gomperz and Karl Popper. In addition, Karl Menger's "Mathematical Colloquium" with Kurt Gödel is presented as a parallel movement. The final chapter of this section describes the demise of the Vienna Circle and the forced exodus of scientists and intellectuals from Austria.The second part of the book includes a bio-bibliographical documentation of the Vienna Circle members and for the first time of the assassination of Moritz Schlick in 1936, followed by an appendix comprising an extensive list of sources and literature.

Philosophy. --- Modern Philosophy. --- History of Science. --- History of Philosophy. --- Philosophy (General). --- Science --- Philosophy, modern. --- Sciences --- History. --- Histoire --- Logical positivism. --- Vienna circle -- Bio-bibliography. --- Vienna circle. --- Philosophy & Religion --- Philosophy --- Vienna circle --- Logical empiricism --- Neo-empiricism --- Neo-positivism --- Physicalism --- Positivism, Logical --- Unity of science movement --- Viennese circle --- Wiener Kreis --- Modern philosophy. --- Language and logic --- Logic --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Positivism --- Reductionism --- Relationism --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Verification (Empiricism) --- Philosophers --- Logical positivism --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Modern philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Philosophy, Modern. --- Early Modern Philosophy.