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Book
Andrej Melicherčík - osobnosť v dobe, doba v osobnosti
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Bratislava : Institute of ethnology and social athropology SAS,

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Title in English: Andrej Melicherčík - personality in time, time in personality. The publication is dedicated to one of the founding personalities of modern professional ethnography and folklore studies - prof. PhDr. A. Melicherčík, CSc. (1917-1966). The author has collected and interpreted numerous factual data about Melicherčík´s university studies at the Faculty of Arts of the Slovak University, but especially about his work at Matica slovenská, at the Slovak Academy of Sciences and Arts and at the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University. She characterizes his numerous activities in the field of organization of scientific life and pedagogical work. The author pays special attention to the methodological approaches that A. Melicherčík applied in his scientific work - functional structuralism and historical materialism. In both approaches, he was the initiator of their application in ethnography and folklore studies in Slovakia. The author analyses his work chronologically - studies, monographs and synthetic publications in terms of concepts, research topics and the organizational grasp of their research and publication. She points out the possible influences of scientific personalities (P. G. Bogatyriov, B. Schier et al.), as well as the non-scientific circumstances that influenced Melicherčík's understanding of the subject, methods and instrumentalization of ethnography and folklore studies.

Keywords

Anthropology.


Book
Andrej Melicherčík - osobnosť v dobe, doba v osobnosti
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Bratislava : Institute of ethnology and social athropology SAS,

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Abstract

Title in English: Andrej Melicherčík - personality in time, time in personality. The publication is dedicated to one of the founding personalities of modern professional ethnography and folklore studies - prof. PhDr. A. Melicherčík, CSc. (1917-1966). The author has collected and interpreted numerous factual data about Melicherčík´s university studies at the Faculty of Arts of the Slovak University, but especially about his work at Matica slovenská, at the Slovak Academy of Sciences and Arts and at the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University. She characterizes his numerous activities in the field of organization of scientific life and pedagogical work. The author pays special attention to the methodological approaches that A. Melicherčík applied in his scientific work - functional structuralism and historical materialism. In both approaches, he was the initiator of their application in ethnography and folklore studies in Slovakia. The author analyses his work chronologically - studies, monographs and synthetic publications in terms of concepts, research topics and the organizational grasp of their research and publication. She points out the possible influences of scientific personalities (P. G. Bogatyriov, B. Schier et al.), as well as the non-scientific circumstances that influenced Melicherčík's understanding of the subject, methods and instrumentalization of ethnography and folklore studies.

Keywords

Anthropology.


Book
Andrej Melicherčík - osobnosť v dobe, doba v osobnosti
Author:
Year: 2021 Publisher: Bratislava : Institute of ethnology and social athropology SAS,

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Abstract

Title in English: Andrej Melicherčík - personality in time, time in personality. The publication is dedicated to one of the founding personalities of modern professional ethnography and folklore studies - prof. PhDr. A. Melicherčík, CSc. (1917-1966). The author has collected and interpreted numerous factual data about Melicherčík´s university studies at the Faculty of Arts of the Slovak University, but especially about his work at Matica slovenská, at the Slovak Academy of Sciences and Arts and at the Faculty of Arts of Comenius University. She characterizes his numerous activities in the field of organization of scientific life and pedagogical work. The author pays special attention to the methodological approaches that A. Melicherčík applied in his scientific work - functional structuralism and historical materialism. In both approaches, he was the initiator of their application in ethnography and folklore studies in Slovakia. The author analyses his work chronologically - studies, monographs and synthetic publications in terms of concepts, research topics and the organizational grasp of their research and publication. She points out the possible influences of scientific personalities (P. G. Bogatyriov, B. Schier et al.), as well as the non-scientific circumstances that influenced Melicherčík's understanding of the subject, methods and instrumentalization of ethnography and folklore studies.

Keywords

Anthropology.


Book
Za hranicami vedy? Aplikovaná antropológia v spoločnosti
Authors: ---
ISBN: 802241543X Year: 2016 Publisher: Bratislava, Slovakia : Ústav etnológie a sociálnej antropológie Slovenskej akadémie vied,

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V poslednej dobe sa v spoločenskom diskurze na Slovensku či už v mediach, alebo na socialnych sieťach veľa hovori o vyzname a (ne)užitočnosti socialnych vied. Praca spoločenskych vedcov a vedkyňsa pritom mnohym javi ako ťažko pochopiteľna a uchopiteľna. Prečo niekto skuma javy, temy, suvislosti, ktore ľudia žiju vo svojich každodennych životoch, a teda im predsa rozumeju bez toho, aby ich zbytočne intelektualizovali, analyzovali – skratka a dobre – komplikovali? Alebo naopak – načo niektore problemy tisickrat „rozpitvavať“, keď potom vysledky neprinesu ich jednoduche riešenie? Vedcom a vedkyniam sa ponuka možnosť viac sa „otvoriť“ svetu, objasniť verejnosti zmysel ich prace a to či už v ramci popularizačnych aktivit, alebo prostrednictvom bezprostrednej aplikacie nadobudnutych poznatkov v spoločenskej praxi. Socialna antropologia či etnologia su vedeckymi disciplinami o culture v širokom zmysle slova, respektive o kulture každodennosti. Ich ustrednym zaujmom a temou su ľudia a ich žita realita. Zaoberaju sa ich preživanim, socialnymi vzťahmi, materialnym prostredim, identitami a sposobom, akym su tieto vytvarane a ako sa odražaju na rozličnych urovniach ľudskej existencie. Socialni antropologovia a antropologičky sa v sučasnosti nesustredia len na klasicke temy, vzťahujuce sa k tradičnym prostrediam či spoločenstvam.

Clovek na cestach zeme...
Author:
ISBN: 8070904402 Year: 1997 Publisher: Martin Matica slovenska

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Periodical
Etnolog : nova vrsta
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ISSN: 03540316 Year: 1926 Publisher: Ljubljana Slovenski etnografski muzej.

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Book
Vznik a zánik ducha : filosofická encyklopedie.
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Year: 1923 Publisher: V Praze : Nákl. C̃eské akademie vĕd a umĕní,

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Thurzovci a ich historický význam
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2012 Publisher: Bratislava [Slovakia] : Historický ústav SAV

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Das vorliegende Sammelband „Die Thurzo und ihre historische Bedeutung“ ist das Ergebnis der Zusammenarbeit von Historikern aus der Slowakei, Ungarn und Deutschland. Die Grundlage für die Entstehung dieser Publikation bereitete die internationale Konferenz, die im Jahre 2009 anlässlich des 400. Jahrestags der Wahl von Georg Thurzo zum ungarischen Palatin veranstaltet wurde. Die anregungsvolle Tagung und Diskussion, sowie die weiteren Untersuchungen zum Thema boten genügend Unterlagen für die Zusammenfassung der Beiträge in einem Sammelband. Das erste Kapitel trägt den Titel Der Weg in die ungarische Aristokratie und hier werden die wichtigsten Vertreter des Geschlechts Thurzo vorgestellt, die sich am meisten um seinen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Aufstieg verdienten. Géza Pálffy analysiert in dem Unterkapitel Die Familie Thurzo und ihre Stellung in der ungarischen Aristokratie die Karrieremöglichkeiten im Königreich Ungarn am Ende des Mittelalters und zu Beginn der Frühen Neuzeit, sowie die Möglichkeiten, die die einzelnen Mitglieder des Geschlechts nutzten, um ihre Ambitionen zu erfüllen. Marián Skladaný widmet sich im Unterkapitel Der wirtschaftliche Aufstieg der Thurzo den ersten Vertretern der Familie, die zuerst zum niederen Adel gehörten und für eine gewisse Zeit zum Bürgertum wechselten, damit sie sich der kaufmännischen und unternehmerischen Tätigkeit widmen und den Wohlstand der Familie begründen konnten. Gabriella Erdélyi stellt in ihrem Beitrag „Ich bin nur ein Mensch, mein König, kein Stein“ – Alexius Thurzo im Dienst der Habsburger einen der einflussreichsten Thurzo-Männer vor, dessen kaufmännisch-unternehmerische Tätigkeit den ganzen mitteleuropäischen Raum umfasste, wobei er auch wichtige Funktionen vertrat und zu den Vertrauensmännern des Herrschers Ferdinand I. und der Königin Maria von Ungarn gehörte. Ein weiteres bedeutendes Familienmitglied präsentiert Lajos Gecsényi im Unterkapitel Der rätselhafte Thurzo. Franz Thurzo, der Präsident der Ungarischen Kammer und der Hofkammer (1549 – 1563). Das zweite Kapitel widmet sich dem Thema Die Thurzo und die Reformation. Mehrere Mitglieder des Geschlechts gehörten zur hohen Kirchenhierarchie und wurden vordergründig durch ihre Kontakte zu Humanisten und ihr großzügiges Mäzenatentum bekannt. Einen der bedeutendsten Bischöfe aus der Familie Thurzo stellt Martin Rothkegel im Unterkapitel Die Beziehungen des Olmützer Bischofs Stanislaus I. Thurzo zu Ungarn vor. Die Reformation fand unter den Mitgliedern des Geschlechts auch zahlreiche Anhänger, über sie schreibt Zoltán Csepregi in seinem Beitrag Die Thurzo und die Anfänge der Reformation. Diejenigen Vertreter der Familie, die ihr Reichtum auf der unternehmerischen Tätigkeit begründeten, dachten auch auf ihre weniger wohlhabenden Mitmenschen und gründeten mehrere Stiftungen zu ihrer Unterstützung. Tünde Katona stellt in diesem Zusammenhang in ihrem Beitrag die Leutschauer Stiftung der Thurzo vor. Das dritte Kapitel wird der Problematik der Höfe der Thurzo als Zentren des wirtschaftlichen, politischen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens gewidmet. Die Thurzo erlebten einen interessanten Übergang von den adeligen in den bürgerlichen Stand und von dem Reichtum, das sich durch ihre unternehmerische Tätigkeit angehäuft hatte, kauften sie Gutsherrschaften, damit sie erneut nicht nur in den Adelsstand zurückkehren, sondern gleich in die Aristokratie aufsteigen konnten. Tünde Lengyelová untersucht Die wirtschaftlichen Verhältnisse an den Gutsherrschaften der Thurzo an der Wende des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts. Einen wesentlichen Aufgabenbereich des Palatins stellte die Verwaltungsagenda dar, über die Péter Dominkovits in seinem Beitrag Die Kontakte des Palatins Georg Thurzo zu den Komitaten Ödenburg und Eisenburg einen Überblick bietet. Einen Blick in das Alltagsleben an den Höfen gewähren in ihren Beiträgen Diana Duchoňová im Unterkapitel Die Hofordnungen an den Höfen der Thurzo und der Esterházy, sowie Borbála Benda, die sich der Speisekarte von Stanislaus Thurzo aus dem Jahre 1603 widmet. Das vierte Kapitel befasst sich mit den verschiedenen Formen des Kulturnachlasses der Thurzo. Zuzana Ludiková und Árpád Mikó präsentieren die Bestattungsstätten und Grabdenkmäler der Thurzo nicht nur als Symbole ihrer Macht, sondern auch als künstlerische Ausdrucksformen. Eine bedeutende Quelle zur genealogischen Untersuchungen stellen die Hochzeitseinladungen der Thurzo dar, die Frederik Federmayer näher beschreibt. In dem umfangreichen heimatkundlichen Werk von Matthias Bel wären die genealogischen Forschungen des Polyhistors fast untergegangen, deshalb richtet Gergely Tóth den Blick gerade auf diesen Aspekt in seinem Beitrag „Theatrum Nobilitatis Hungaricae“. Die genealogischen Untersuchungen von Matthias Bel mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Familie Thurzo. Zu den wichtigsten Mäzentätigkeiten der Thurzo gehörten die Förderung der Studenten an ausländischen Universitäten, sowie die Veröffentlichung von verschiedenen Publikationen und die Unterstützung von Druckereien. Über derartige Aktivitäten des Palatins und seiner Familienmitglieder schreibt Helena Saktorová in ihrem Beitrag Die Persönlichkeit von Georg Thurzo im Spektrum seiner Autorendedikationen. Mit dem schriftlichen Nachlass der Familie Thurzo im Staatsarchiv von Bytča befasst sich Jana Kurucárová. Die Ergebnisse einer außergewöhnlichen und seltenen Untersuchung präsentieren die Anthropologen Milan Thurzo und Radoslav Beňuš in ihrem Beitrag Die anthropologische und paläopathologische Analyse der Gebeine der Familienmitglieder von Georg Thurzo. Damit gewähren sie einen einzigartigen Einblick in den gesundheitlichen Zustand von mehreren Vertretern dieses Geschlechts. Arwa, heute Orava war die grösste Gutsherrschaft der Thurzo und die hießige Burg gehörte zu den bedeutendsten Zentren der Familie, aus diesem Grund widmeten sie eine besondere Aufmerksamkeit ihrer architektonischen Gestaltung, die Michal Čajka in seinem Beitrag Die Umbauten der Burg von Orava in der Zeit der Thurzo schildert. Die Publikation enthält eine Reihe von neuen Kenntnissen, die das Ergebnis von intensiven Untersuchungen mehrerer Historiker, Kirchenhistoriker, Archäologen, Anthropologen, Archivaren und Kunsthistoriker darstellen. Trotzdem gibt es noch genügend Themen und Fragen, die auf Aufarbeitung warten und weitere Anregungen für Forschungen über diese interessante Familie darbieten, deren Mitglieder nicht nur zur übernationalen Aristokratie des Königreichs Ungarn und der mitteleuropäischen Habsburgermonarchie, sondern auch zu den außerordentlich begabten Unternehmern, Politikern, Soldaten und bedeutenden Vertretern des kulturellen Lebens an der Schwelle des Mittelalters zur Frühen Neuzeit gehörten.


Book
Milan Rastislav Štefánik v hlavách a v srdciach : Fenomén národného hrdinu v historickej pamäti
Authors: ---
Year: 2011 Publisher: Bratislava, Slovakia : Historický ústav SAV,

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General Milan Rastislav Štefánik (1880 – 1919), an astronomer, soldier, diplomat and the Minister, the co-founder of the Czechoslovak republic, belongs to the most important historical personalities of modern Slovak history. Shortly after his tragic death, he became a person enshrined in the symbolic national Pantheon: even today he belongs to the group of people, who are generally considered among Slovaks as national heroes. He was buried in the Mount Bradlo which is situated near his birthplace: Štefánik´s grave with its monument became a sacred symbol, a Slovak place of memory (lieu de mémoire) in the sense of conception of a French historian, Pierre Nora. The publication is focused on the issue of commemoration of Štefánik and his posthumous cult in Slovak society. From that point of view it is logical that the book does not talk about Štefánik´s personality itself but about the society, individuals, and groups; about those, who took Štefánik as their own symbol, identified with him or about those, who refused him. Štefánik´s fascinating life was appealing to simple people. That was why educators tried to use him as a social model whenever they educated youth or whenever they wanted to lift up civic and national consciousness in a widespread way among groups of Slovaks. In the texts dedicated to his commemoration, Štefánik was presented as a liberator, an ancient hero (Icarus, Prometheus) or a national martyr, a national saint or a saviour of the nation. Poets and speakers at the celebrations compared him with Moses, or even with Jesus Christ. Those conceptions and metaphorical pictures corresponded with a myth about millennial oppression of Slovaks and contributed to creating the concept of sacredness in the Slovak national movement. In poetic imagination Štefánik often played a social role of a mystical patron and a protector of the homeland. This motive appeared in a modified version also in the contributions among contemporary journalists in the time of threat that the unified territory of Slovakia could be violated: in the minds of people Štefánik functioned as a symbolic guarantee for the protection of state borders. The object of the research is based in the problem of how Štefánik has been used or misused in the political and ideological struggle between two main political camps (supporters of Prague centralism versus supporters of Slovak autonomy in the Czechoslovak Republic during the interwar period). These phenomena could be illustrated in polemics between an autonomous and a centralistic press from May 1922. The controversy concerned an alleged dishonour of the commemoration of Štefánik during the political manifestation organized by the Slovak People´s Party and by its leader Andrej Hlinka. The fight disclosed not only a character of political culture in the Slovak society but also some manipulative mechanisms. In that conflict the national hero Štefánik functioned not only as an element for mobilisation and integration but also as an instrument of disgracing and ostracising a political rival: the wider public was influenced to believe the idea: anyone who does not honour the most important national hero is a betrayer of the nation. Similarly interesting is the contemporary discourse about Štefánik´s tragic death. The conception of anti Slovak conspiration (Štefánik´s death as a politically motivated murder) became an incendiary theme appearing also in the media and serving the autonomists as a tool of political and ethnical determination (“we” autonomists versus “they” centralists; or “we” Slovaks versus “they” Czechoslovaks) in their struggle against centralism. During WWII it became an offi cial part of propaganda of the Slovak State. In the second part of this book the author is focused on the history of the Memorial of Štefánik and on annual commemorative celebrations in the western Slovak city of Trnava. He researched the problem in the context of communal politics, collective identities and group loyalties. The Memorial of Štefánik from 1924 was the fi rst secular statue, commemorated to a national hero. It was situated in the public area in Trnava. It is remarkable that the prior position in the city with a Catholic majority of citizens was given to Štefánik, a son of a Lutheran priest. The Memorial of Štefánik and annual commemorative celebrations were elements of nationalisation within the public space. They functioned not only as tools for Slovakisation of the citizens in Trnava but also for modernisation of that city; secondarily, regarding the character and content of the commemorative rituals, the symbol of Štefánik functioned also as a tool for secularisation: to some degree it functioned as a counterbalance to creating Trnava´s “self-picture” formed in a metaphor Trnava – the Slovak Rome. The achievement to infl uence citizens in Trnava in a way they fi nally identify with Štefánik as their social model caused that during the opening celebration dedicated to the new statue in the city, noone stressed the fact that Štefánik was of Protestant origin; on the other side an interesting attempt appeared to integrate him into the context of domestic identities, loyalties and pictures in the history of Trnava. This attempt showed up in the fact that Štefánik was presented as the Slovak from the western part of Slovakia. Then they purposely stressed that Štefánik during his life made connections with reviving activities of Bernolák´s followers, that means of the Catholics intellectuals, who operated in Trnava and in the wider western Slovak environment. The third part of the book is focused on the period of destruction of the Czechoslovak Republic and creating the independent Slovak State (1938 – 1939). A new government led by Hlinka´s Slovak People´s Party liquidated the democratic system of the Czechoslovak Republic, and immediately started to prefer new symbols, mainly the symbol of Andrej Hlinka. A part of Slovak citizens, mainly the Protestants, spontaneously refused Hlinka to be the most important national symbol. The struggle between the totalitarian regime of the Slovak State and new civic opposition was manifested also in the level of the fight for the national symbols. V. P. Čobrda, the General Bishop of the Lutheran Church, publicly spoke against the national symbol of Hlinka. He said that Hlinka was religiously intolerant and because of that he did not accept him as a symbol of a national father for the Slovak Lutherans. The same argument he presented also in May 1939 at the Mount Bradlo: during the commemorative celebration of Štefánik. This was organised by the Union of the Lutheran Youth. Čobrda´s speech was an open refusal of Hlinka. He stressed the position of Štefánik in the symbolic national Pantheon. The message of the celebration was clear: Milan Rastislav Štefánik is the most important national symbol and the greatest son of the Slovak nation. Štefánik became a symbol of Anti-Fascist, civic revolt.

Život olašských žien
Authors: ---
Year: 2015 Publisher: Bratislava [Slovakia] : Ústav etnológie a sociálnej antropológie Slovenskej akadémie vied

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One can write about the Roma people in many ways. The intention of writing about them can also be different. I made my way “into the field” with an open mind and heart in order to explore one of the groups of Roma. By doing so, I aimed to discover as many objective facts as possible. The objective was to discover, to such an extent, these facts in which the Wallachian Roma shared and supported directly with their testimonies. The book is an ethnographic description of selected aspects of life of a particular Roma group – Wallachian Roma (Lovara) living in Nitra. This group forms a small percentage of the Roma population in Slovakia and is mainly presented as a closed community which is hard to penetrate. This seems to be one of the reasons why there is an absence of information about Wallachian Roma; not only to the general public, but also among experts – in spite of the fact that Wallachian Roma form a special sub-ethnic group which is characterised, among other things, by the preservation of traditional norms, specific forms of behavior, and a set of unique habits in their community that persists even today. An important feature which influences the way of life of Wallachian Roma isa persistent solidarity among them by observing family and community rules. The book aims to describe and analyse the position of women within the community of Wallachian Roma today, present the picture of a Wallachian woman living her everyday life subordinated to the internal rules and laws of the community and focuses on the transformation of her position throughout her life. The publication focuses particularly on the current situation, but also observes the preservation of the traditional model of women´s position within the community of Wallachian Roma, the possible generation differences and the penetration of newer forms. The book also deals with factors influencing their formation, and aims to grasp this issue in the most comprehensive manner possible from the point of view of several generations and both sexes. The data presented in the book represent the results of field research conducted on Borová Street in Nitra, where the Wallachian community is concentrated within a compact residential unit. The current population of this community is around 350–400 adult Roma with children from the Ferkošť family who have lived at this location since 1958 when the first house was built there. The content of the book places emphasis on the changes in the position of women from their birth up to old age.

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