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The study deals with changes in land use in the 19th and 20th centuries in Slovenia's alpine region. The aim of the research was not only to study the changes in land use but also to determine the relationship between changes in land use and relief elements and their connection with sociogeographical factors and their development.Land use is a dynamic element of the landscape that is studied with the help of various resources. Special attention was given to determining the accuracy of the sources used to enable a correct interpretation of the results. Because of the uniform and only slightly changed methodology of collecting data employed since the first established stable (Franciscan) cadastre in the first half of the 19th century, it was confirmed that the data on land use from the land register is a very suitable source, primarily for establishing changes in land use over longer periods and for larger spatial units (mezzo-regions, regions), in spite of its otherwise lagging behind the actual situation. Knjiga obravnava spremembe rabe tal v 19. in 20. stoletju na primeru slovenskega alpskega sveta. Njen namen ni zgolj preučiti spremembe rabe tal, pač pa ugotoviti navezanost sprememb rabe tal na prvine površja ter njihovo povezanost z družbenogeografskimi dejavniki in njihovim razvojem. Med letoma 1827 in 1900 so bile spremembe rabe tal dokaj šibke. Med letoma 1900 in 1953 so se njive že začele selektivno omejevati le na bolj ugodna zemljišča, prevladalo je ozelenjevanje. Med letoma 1953 in 1979 je prevladalo ogozdovanje, ki se je v zadnjih dveh desetletjih 20. stoletja nekoliko umirilo. Med letoma 1900 in 2000 je v slovenskem alpskem svetu gozd prerasel kar četrtino površja. Odločilen dejavnik so bile družbene razmere, med katerimi velja izpostaviti politične odločitve in zakonodajo.

Slovenia --- Physical geography & topography --- agrarian geography --- Alpine landscapes --- land use --- land use changes --- rural areas --- rural geography --- agrarna geografija --- alpski svet --- geografija podeželja --- podeželje --- raba tal --- Slovenija --- spremembe rabe tal

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The monograph ('Protection and sustainable development of a cultural landscape: the case of Ljubljana Moor') introduces research findings about the structure and functions of the Ljubljana Moor (Ljubljansko barje) cultural landscape. This landscape is composed of a plain with isolated hills (inselbergs) and hills on the outskirts. Floods are still frequent. Due to its exceptional biodiversity, in 2008 the area was proclaimed a landscape park. In the study we identified 28 landscape elements in 3 pilot sites – depending on the geological substratum, water, and land use – which contribute to landscape diversity. Payments to farmers have a significant impact on land use which influences greatly land cultivation and sustainable breeding, while these have a considerably lower influence on the preservation of semi natural landscape elements. We discovered that in terms of sustainability the key tendency is to strive to such a landscape diversity that ensures optimum landscape functioning and various ecosystem services.The analysis of landscape changes over 4 study periods showed that, initially, agriculture, settlement, and water management were the main drivers~however, over recent decades the importance of nature protection and tourism has increased. In today’s landscape there are two conflicting trends: intensification and land abandonment . Znanstvena monografija podaja spoznanja o strukturi in funkciji kulturne pokrajine Ljubljanskega barja, ki jo sestavljajo ravnina, sredi katere se dvigajo osamelci, ter hribovje in gričevje na obrobju. Večji del območja, ki ga bistveno zaznamuje voda in izjemna biotska pestrost, je bil leta 2008 razglašen za Krajinski park Ljubljansko barje. V raziskavi smo na treh pilotnih območjih identificirali 28 pokrajinskih gradnikov, ki so odvisni od geološke podlage, vode ter od rabe zemljišč in prispevajo h pokrajinski pestrosti. Pomemben vpliv na rabo zemljišč imajo kmetijska plačila kmetom, ki največ prispevajo k obdelanosti zemljišč ter sonaravni reji, precej manj pa k ohranjanju bolj naravnih pokrajinskih gradnikov. V monografiji ugotavljamo, da je z vidika trajnostnosti ključno stremljenje k takšni pokrajinski pestrosti, ki zagotavlja čim boljše delovanje pokrajine in več različnih ekosistemskih storitev. Analiza razvoja pilotnih območij v štirih časovnih obdobjih je pokazala, da so bile sprva v pokrajini glavne gonilne sile kmetijstvo, poselitev in upravljanje z vodo, v zadnjih desetletjih pa postajata vse pomembnejši gonilni sili naravovarstvo in turizem.

cultural landscape --- environment protection --- geography --- land use --- Ljubljansko barje --- sustainable development --- geografija --- kulturna pokrajina --- raba tal --- trajnostni razvoj --- varstvo okolja

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It is clear that different types of the population's mobility have an impact on the transportation land use and thereby shape our living environment. According to the land cadastre data Slovenia has 465 km2 of transportation land use, which represents more than 2 % of the country's surface. The transportation land use areas are expanding in the last decade, although slower than other built-up areas. The transportation land use analysis on the state level indicates those areas of Slovenia, where the level of transportation land use has risen the most. These are areas with a new transportation infrastructure (roads, railroads), tourist and some other (sub)urbanized areas. The results have shown that local political and planning decision-making represents an important factor in the increase of the transportation land use in Slovene towns. Načini mobilnosti prebivalstva vplivajo na prometno rabo zemljišč in s tem oblikujejo prostor, v katerem živimo. Po podatkih zemljiškega katastra je v Sloveniji 465 km2 prometne rabe, kar predstavlja več kot polovico vseh pozidanih površin oziroma dobra 2 % celotne površine Slovenije. Prometna raba v zadnjem desetletju narašča, a počasneje kot ostala pozidana raba, kar morda nakazuje na večjo racionalnost poselitve v Sloveniji. Analiza prometne rabe na državni ravni kaže na območja, ki najbolj pridobivajo prometno rabo. To so območja z novo prometno infrastrukturo (ceste, železnice), pa tudi turistična ter nekatera (sub)urbanizirana območja. Rezultati kažejo, da so lokalne politične in načrtovalske odločitve zelo pomemben dejavnik rasti prometne rabe v slovenskih mestih.

Transportation --- Land use --- Transportation and state --- State and transportation --- Transportation policy --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Economics --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- Public transportation --- Transport --- Transportation, Primitive --- Transportation companies --- Transportation industry --- Locomotion --- Commerce --- Communication and traffic --- Storage and moving trade --- Government policy --- Economic aspects --- Slovenia --- Regional geography --- Transport planning & policy --- Social impact of environmental issues --- geography --- land use --- suburbs --- transport --- transport geography --- transportation infrastructure --- transportation land use --- geografija --- geografija prometa --- obmestja --- promet --- prometna infrastruktura --- prometna raba tal --- raba tal --- Slovenija

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V knjigi je razvita metoda vrednotenja pokrajinskoekoloških tipov Slovenije z vidika pokrovnosti. Pokrovnost oziroma raba tal sta osnovna pokazatelja prepleta delovanja naravnih in antropogenih dejavnikov v pokrajini. Osnovni hipotezi dela sta, da se pokrajina znotraj posameznih tipov podobno odziva na človekove posege in da se ti odzivi izražajo v razlikah v pokrovnosti med različnimi tipi. Razkrivamo tudi skupine odklonov ter vzroke zanje. S klasifikacijo satelitskih posnetkov Landsat je bil izdelan sloj pokrovnosti s sedmimi razredi (gozd, grmičevje in zaraščanje, ekstenzivna travniška raba, intenzivna kmetijska raba, pozidana in sorodna zemljišča, voda, odprto). Uporabljene so bile različne tehnike in pomožni podatki, s čimer smo dosegli vsebinske in geometrične izboljšave. Posodobili smo vektorski sloj pokrajinskoekoloških tipov, ki je sedaj primeren za detajlne študije v geografskih informacijskih sistemih. Vrednotenje tipov smo izvedli s pomočjo naravno- in družbenogeografskih kazalcev. Razlike med tipi so velike, izbrani kazalci pa dobro prikažejo tudi njihovo notranjo raznolikost.

Slovenia --- Geographical information systems (GIS) & remote sensing --- e-books --- evaluation --- geography --- land cover --- land use --- landscape ecological types --- landscapes --- satellite images --- typology --- elektronske knjige --- geografija --- krajine --- pokrajinskoekološki tipi --- pokrovnost tal --- raba tal --- satelitski posnetki --- Slovenija --- tipologija --- vrednotenje

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Since Slovenia's independence, new economic and social policies have been influencing settlement patterns. Processes which had in fact begun earlier have intensified and deepened during this period, and differences within the country have become greater. The findings from this study could help support a more active land use policy and achieve a better understanding of the structure of built areas within rural settlements. Knjiga obravnava značilnosti pozidave zemljišč v različnih podeželskih naseljih po osamosvojitvi Slovenije. Na novo oblikovana gospodarska in družbena politika je namreč opazno vplivala na poselitvene razmere v državi. Procesi, ki so se začeli že prej, so v tem obdobju postali intenzivnejši, poleg tega so se poglobile razlike med posameznimi območji. Rezultati raziskave, ki so predstavljeni v knjigi, lahko pripomorejo k aktivnejši zemljiški politiki in k boljšemu razumevanju strukture pozidanih zemljišč v slovenskih podeželskih naseljih, pa tudi poznavanju sodobnih teženj njihovega demografskega in gospodarskega razvoja. Za stroko je pomemben predvsem izviren metodološki pristop, ki združuje terensko delo, analizo razpoložljivih statističnih virov in rezultate dveh nizov aerosnemanj. Delo je namenjeno raziskovalcem problematike podeželja Slovenije, urbanistom, prostorskim načrtovalcem in študentom.

Slovenia --- Regional geography --- Environmental policy & protocols --- built-up areas --- colonization --- daily migrations --- geography --- jobs --- land use --- rural areas --- rural settlements --- suburbanization --- delovna mesta --- dnevne migracije --- geografija --- podeželje --- podeželska naselja --- poselitev --- pozidana območja --- raba tal --- ruralna naselja --- Slovenija --- suburbanizacija