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Disinformation and so-called fake news are contemporary phenomena with rich histories. Disinformation, or the willful introduction of false information for the purposes of causing harm, recalls infamous foreign interference operations in national media systems. Outcries over fake news, or dubious stories with the trappings of news, have coincided with the introduction of new media technologies that disrupt the publication, distribution and consumption of news -- from the so-called rumour-mongering broadsheets centuries ago to the blogosphere recently. Designating a news organization as fake, or der Lügenpresse, has a darker history, associated with authoritarian regimes or populist bombast diminishing the reputation of 'elite media' and the value of inconvenient truths. In a series of empirical studies, using digital methods and data journalism, the authors inquire into the extent to which social media have enabled the penetration of foreign disinformation operations, the widespread publication and spread of dubious content as well as extreme commentators with considerable followings attacking mainstream media as fake.
Media studies --- Communication studies --- Freedom of information & freedom of speech --- fake news --- disinformation --- post-truth --- social media --- digital methods
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Los países de América Latina han implementado importantes reformas de gobierno abierto durante los últimos años. La combinación de los esfuerzos a nivel nacional con el soporte que los países han obtenido por parte de la Alianza para el Gobierno Abierto (AGA) ha sido benéfica para lograr avances cruciales en diversas áreas relacionadas al gobierno abierto. Entre 2013 y 2014, la OCDE - como socio oficial multilateral de la AGA - llevó a cabo un estudio para conocer el estado actual de los estrategias y prácticas de gobierno abierto en la región. Este reporte presenta los principales hallazgos producto de la implementación de un cuestionario regional enfocado a recabar información sobre estrategias de gobierno abierto, acceso a la información y datos abiertos. En paralelo, el reporte presenta tres casos de estudio que analizan a fondo el estado del gobierno abierto en Costa Rica, Perú y Colombia. El cuestionario y el marco analítico están basados en la experiencia y estándares de la OCDE lo que permitirá a los países latinoamericanos conocer y evaluar la situación de la región en cara a las mejores prácticas internacionales. Se presentan los principales logros y desafíos regionales de una manera comparativa con la finalidad de posicionar las prácticas nacionales e institucionales desde una perspectiva global. Aparte del análisis comparativo de datos e información, el proyecto busca reforzar el marco institucional de los países partícipes del presente estudio con la finalidad de facilitar la implementación de los compromisos adquiridos dentro de la AGA y fortalecer la red regional de oficiales nacionales a cargo de gobierno abierto.
Freedom of information --- Public administration --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation
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Conceptualizing access to government information as a human right is a new development in the global trend promoting institutional transparency. Bishop provides a comprehensive examination of international human rights law and explains four conceptualizations of access to information as a human right. Rights to information have been linked to the right to free expression, the right to privacy, and the right to a healthy environment, and the right to the truth about human rights abuses. She concludes that a human right to access information is evolving in disparate ways. The current evolution o
Freedom of information. --- Freedom of information --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation
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This book is conceived as an introductory text into the theory of syntactic and semantic information, and information flow. Syntactic information theory is concerned with the information contained in the very fact that some signal has a non-random structure. Semantic information theory is concerned with the meaning or information content of messages and the like. The theory of information flow is concerned with deriving some piece of information from another. The main part will take us to situation semantics as a foundation of modern approaches in information theory. We give a brief overview of the background theory and then explain the concepts of information, information architecture and information flow from that perspective.
Freedom of information. --- Freedom of information --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation
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This book brings together ten contributions from French and foreign specialists whose research and work focus on contemporary Spanish-language literature. They analyse the ways in which certain historical events, violence, memory, and political activism find their way into the narrative device in order to make it politically singular. They explore these relationships in a variety of ways, from an interdisciplinary perspective, at the crossroads of literature, philosophy, cinema and contemporary history. Ce volume qui inaugure la collection Saxifrages interroge et met en relation aussi bien les champs de la poétique, du politique et de l’éthique que le travail de la fiction. Car la fiction, à l’instar de la métaphore vive, désocculte les structures profondes de la réalité auxquelles nous sommes reliés en tant que mortels (Ricœur) et élabore un système d’évidences sensibles qui donne à voir l’existence (Rancière). Le constat d’un retour au réel – voire à une certaine forme de réalisme – dans la littérature contemporaine des dernières décennies réactualise ces réflexions et approches du travail de la fiction et des images en tant qu’objets esthétiques capables de faire sens et de réinventer notre imaginaire politique (Didi Huberman). Comment la littérature procède-t-elle lorsqu’elle n’est plus censée refléter comme le miroir stendhalien la réalité ? Comment traiter le politique faufilé dans la fiction lorsqu’il ne s’agit plus de le représenter « simplement » ? Car lire le politique, en traquer les traces qui se glissent entre les failles et fissures d’un champ social ou artistique pour œuvrer de l’intérieur en craquelant – comme le font les forces faibles des saxifrages – les systèmes clos et « parfaits », c’est appréhender cette faculté de faire sens, de fictionner. On trouvera réunies ici dix contributions de spécialistes français et étrangers dont la recherche et les travaux portent sur la littérature hispanophone contemporaine. Ils analysent les manières dont certains événements historiques, la violence, la mémoire, l’engagement se faufilent dans le dispositif narratif pour le singulariser politiquement. Ils explorent ces rapports sous des aspects les plus divers, dans une perspective interdisciplinaire, à la croisée de la littérature, la philosophie, le cinéma, l’histoire contemporaine.
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Disinformation and so-called fake news are contemporary phenomena with rich histories. Disinformation, or the willful introduction of false information for the purposes of causing harm, recalls infamous foreign interference operations in national media systems. Outcries over fake news, or dubious stories with the trappings of news, have coincided with the introduction of new media technologies that disrupt the publication, distribution and consumption of news -- from the so-called rumour-mongering broadsheets centuries ago to the blogosphere recently. Designating a news organization as fake, or der Lügenpresse, has a darker history, associated with authoritarian regimes or populist bombast diminishing the reputation of 'elite media' and the value of inconvenient truths. In a series of empirical studies, using digital methods and data journalism, the authors inquire into the extent to which social media have enabled the penetration of foreign disinformation operations, the widespread publication and spread of dubious content as well as extreme commentators with considerable followings attacking mainstream media as fake.
Media studies --- Communication studies --- Freedom of information & freedom of speech --- fake news --- disinformation --- post-truth --- social media --- digital methods --- fake news --- disinformation --- post-truth --- social media --- digital methods
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Records --- Privacy, Right of --- Freedom of information --- Freedom of information. --- Law and legislation --- Data processing. --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication
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Author(s)Brown, JamesLanguageEnglishShow full item recordLiving in a networked world means never really getting to decide in any thoroughgoing way who or what enters your “space” (your laptop, your iPhone, your thermostat . . . your home). With this as a basic frame-of-reference, James J. Brown’s Ethical Programs examines and explores the rhetorical potential and problems of a hospitality ethos suited to a new era of hosts and guests. Brown reads a range of computational strategies and actors, from the general principles underwriting the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which determines how packets of information can travel through the internet, to the Obama election campaign’s use of the power of protocols to reach voters, harvest their data, incentivize and, ultimately, shape their participation in the campaign. In demonstrating the kind of rhetorical spaces networked software establishes and the access it permits, prevents, and molds, Brown makes a significant contribution to the emergent discourse of software studies as a major component of efforts in broad fields including media studies, rhetorical studies, and cultural studies.
Internet --- Freedom of information. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Freedom of information --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation
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Dieser Bericht liefert eine tiefgreifende, evidenzbasierte Analyse der Initiativen zur Öffnung des Regierungs- und Verwaltungshandelns sowie der Herausforderungen, vor denen die Länder bei deren Umsetzung und Koordinierung stehen. Darüber hinaus werden neue Entwicklungen in den OECD-Ländern wie auch in einer Reihe von Ländern der Regionen Lateinamerika, Naher Osten und Nordafrika sowie Südostasien erörtert. Auf der Grundlage einer 2015 durchgeführten Umfrage zu offenem Regierungs- und Verwaltungshandeln sowie zur Bürgerbeteiligung im Politikzyklus identifiziert der Bericht Bereiche, denen künftig besondere Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden muss, z.B. der Mobilisierung und Einbeziehung aller staatlichen Bereiche und Ebenen, um den Schritt vom offenen Regierungs- und Verwaltungshandeln zum offenen Staat zu vollziehen. Zudem untersucht er, wie Prinzipien und Verfahren offenen Regierungs- und Verwaltungshandelns zur Verwirklichung der Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung der Vereinten Nationen beitragen können, und befasst sich mit der Rolle der Medien bei der Schaffung günstiger Rahmenbedingungen für Open-Government-Initiativen sowie der wachsenden Bedeutung nachgeordneter Gebietskörperschaften bei der Umsetzung erfolgreicher Open-Government-Reformen.
Government information. --- Freedom of information. --- Public records --- Law and legislation. --- Freedom of information --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Information, Government --- Law and legislation
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Rather than simply summarising the state of play in African countries and elsewhere, Freedom of Information and the Developing World identifies and makes explicit the assumptions about the citizen's relationship to the state that lie beneath Freedom of Information (FoI) discourse. The book goes on to test them against the reality of the pervasive politics of patronage that characterise much of African practice.Develops a discourse about the concept of FoIDiscussion of the human rights claim appropriates the concepts of Hohfeldian analysis for more radical purposes in s
#SBIB:35H24 --- #SBIB:35H511 --- Informatiemanagement bij de overheid --- Kwaliteit van het openbaar bestuur --- Freedom of information --- Information, Freedom of --- Liberty of information --- Right to know --- Civil rights --- Freedom of speech --- Intellectual freedom --- Telecommunication --- Law and legislation
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