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This book comprises a first survey of the Collaborative Research Center SFB-TRR 141 ‘Biological Design and Integrative Structures – Analysis, Simulation and Implementation in Architecture’, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft since October 2014. The SFB-TRR 141 provides a collaborative framework for architects and engineers from the University of Stuttgart, biologists and physicists from the University of Freiburg and geoscientists and evolutionary biologists from the University of Tübingen. The programm is conceptualized as a dialogue between the disciplines and is based on the belief that that biomimetic research has the potential to lead everyone involved to new findings far beyond his individual reach. During the last few decades, computational methods have been introduced into all fields of science and technology. In architecture, they enable the geometric differentiation of building components and allow the fabrication of porous or fibre-based materials with locally adjusted physical and chemical properties. Recent developments in simulation technologies focus on multi-scale models and the interplay of mechanical phenomena at various hierarchical levels. In the natural sciences, a multitude of quantitative methods covering diverse hierarchical levels have been introduced. These advances in computational methods have opened a new era in biomimetics: local differentiation at various scales, the main feature of natural constructions, can for the first time not only be analysed, but to a certain extent also be transferred to building construction. Computational methodologies enable the direct exchange of information between fields of science that, until now, have been widely separated. As a result they lead to a new approach to biomimetic research, which, hopefully, contributes to a more sustainable development in architecture and building construction. .
Biology --- Engineering sciences. Technology --- Architecture --- architecture [discipline] --- engineering --- biologie --- duurzame ontwikkeling --- Biomimicry --- Architecture and biology --- Organic architecture --- Nature (Aesthetics) --- Life sciences --- Bionique --- Architecture et biologie --- Architecture organique --- Nature (Esthétique) --- Sciences de la vie --- Environmental aspects --- Aspect de l'environnement
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The contents of this monograph are two-scope. First, it intends to provide a synthetic but complete account of the thermodynamic and kinetic foundations on which the reaction path modeling of geological CO2 sequestration is based. In particular, a great effort is devoted to review the thermodynamic properties of CO2 and of the CO2-H2O system and the interactions in the aqueous solution, the thermodynamic stability of solid product phases (by means of several stability plots and activity plots), the volumes of carbonation reactions, and especially the kinetics of dissolution/precipitation reactions of silicates, oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates. Second, it intends to show the reader how reaction path modeling of geological CO2 sequestration is carried out. To this purpose the well-known high-quality EQ3/6 software package is used. Setting up of computer simulations and obtained results are described in detail and used EQ3/6 input files are given to guide the reader step-by-step from the beginning to the end of these exercises. Finally, some examples of reaction-path- and reaction-transport-modeling taken from the available literature are presented. The results of these simulations are of fundamental importance to evaluate the amounts of potentially sequestered CO2, and their evolution with time, as well as the time changes of all the other relevant geochemical parameters (e.g., amounts of solid reactants and products, composition of the aqueous phase, pH, redox potential, effects on aquifer porosity). In other words, in this way we are able to predict what occurs when CO2 is injected into a deep aquifer. * Provides applications for investigating and predicting geological carbon dioxide sequestration * Reviews the geochemical literature in the field * Discusses the importance of geochemists in the multidisciplinary study of geological carbon dioxide sequestration.
Carbon dioxide. --- Carbon dioxide --- Underground storage. --- Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) --- Organic geochemistry. --- Gaz carbonique --- Gaz carbonique --- Stockage souterrain --- Cycle du carbone (Biogéochimie) --- Géochimie organique --- Environmental aspects. --- Aspect de l'environnement
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World history --- War --- Human ecology --- Natural resources --- Environmental policy. --- Global environmental change. --- Guerre --- Écologie humaine --- Environnement --- Ressources naturelles --- Changement global (Environnement) --- History --- Environmental aspects. --- History. --- Management --- Histoire --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Politique gouvernementale --- Gestion
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"The world is in the midst of a storm that has shaped the history of modernity along a double fracture: on the one hand, an environmental fracture driven by a technocratic and capitalist civilization that led to the ongoing devastation of the Earth's ecosystems and its human and non-human communities and, on the other, a colonial fracture instilled by Western colonization and imperialism that resulted in racial slavery and the domination of indigenous peoples and women in particular. In this important new book, Malcom Ferdinand challenges this double fracture, thinking from the Caribbean world. Here, the slave ship reveals the inequalities that continue during the storm: some are shackled inside the hold and even thrown overboard at the first gusts of wind. Drawing on empirical and theoretical work in the Caribbean, Ferdinand conceptualizes a decolonial ecology that holds protecting the environment together with the political struggles against (post)colonial domination, structural racism, and misogynistic practices. Facing the storm, this book is an invitation to build a world-ship where humans and non-humans can live together on a bridge of justice and shape a common world. It will be of great interest to students and scholars in environmental humanities and Latin American and Caribbean studies, as well as anyone interested in ecology, slavery, and (de)colonization"--
Colonisation. Decolonisation --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- ecologie --- Caribbean area --- Philosophy and psychology of culture --- Human ecology. Social biology --- Decolonization --- Décolonisation --- Human ecology --- Human ecology. --- Social ecology --- Social ecology. --- Écologie sociale --- Environmental aspects --- History --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Histoire --- Caraïbes (Région) --- Caribbean Area --- Caribbean Area. --- Histoire. --- History. --- Environmental justice --- Environmental justice. --- Environmental sociology --- Environmental sociology. --- Imperialism --- Impérialisme --- Justice environnementale --- Justice environnementale. --- Sociologie de l'environnement. --- Environmental aspects. --- Aspect de l'environnement.
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The Smoke of London uncovers the origins of urban air pollution, two centuries before the industrial revolution. By 1600, London was a fossil-fueled city, its high-sulfur coal a basic necessity for the poor and a source of cheap energy for its growing manufacturing sector. The resulting smoke was found ugly and dangerous throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, leading to challenges in court, suppression by the crown, doctors' attempts to understand the nature of good air, increasing suburbanization, and changing representations of urban life in poetry and on the London stage. Neither a celebratory account of proto-environmentalism nor a declensionist narrative of degradation, The Smoke of London recovers the seriousness of pre-modern environmental concerns even as it explains their limits and failures. Ultimately, Londoners learned to live with their dirty air, an accommodation that reframes the modern process of urbanization and industrial pollution, both in Britain and beyond.
Fumée --- Energieerzeugung. --- Fossiler Brennstoff. --- Umweltverschmutzung. --- Luftverschmutzung. --- London. --- Geschichte 1575-1775 --- Combustion gases --- Fumée --- Smoke --- Air --- Coal --- Caustobioliths --- Fossil fuels --- Atmosphere --- Environmental aspects --- History. --- Pollution --- Social aspects --- England --- London --- History --- United States --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- Social aspects. --- Pollution. --- Environmental aspects. --- United States. --- Charbon --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Histoire --- Aspect social --- Environmental aspects&delete& --- Pollution&delete& --- Social aspects&delete&
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Guano --- Guano industry --- Phosphate industry --- Human ecology --- Soil amendments --- Phosphates --- Ecologie humaine --- Engrais et amendements --- History --- Social aspects --- Environmental aspects --- History. --- Histoire --- Industrie --- Aspect social --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Peru --- Pacific Area --- Péru --- Pacifique, Région du --- Environmental conditions --- Commerce --- Conditions environnementales --- World history --- anno 1800-1999 --- Environmental conditions.
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Policy coherence is increasingly in the interest of OECD countries and developing countries alike, given their growing economic, social and environmental interdependence. This report presents scenarios showing numerical results of changes to individual policies as well as policy packages implemented simultaneously by OECD and developing countries. The results can be used to anticipate the outcomes of decisions and implement the appropriate set of policies. The scenarios also show how policy combinations could substantially improve both economic and environmental outcomes together, confirming the need for policy coherence.
International relations. Foreign policy --- Developing countries: economic development problems --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development --- Developing countries --- Economic development --- Environmental policy --- Développement économique --- Environnement --- Government policy. --- Environmental aspects. --- Economic aspects. --- Politique gouvernementale --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Aspect économique
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The goal of this monograph is to emphasize with empirical data the complexity of the relationship between climate change and violence. Bioarchaeology is the integration of human skeletal remains from ancient societies with the cultural and environmental context. Information on mortality, disease, diet and other factors provide important data to examine long chronologies of human existence, particularly during periods of droughts and life-threatening climate changes. Case studies are used to reconstruct the responses and short and long-term adaptations made by groups before, during and after dramatic changes in weather and climate. Interpersonal and group violence is also analyzed. The authors find that while in some cases there is an increase in trauma and violence, in other cases there is not. Human groups are capable of avoiding violent altercations and increasing broad networks of cooperation that help to mitigate the effects of climate change. A case study from the U.S. Southwest is provided that shows the variable and surprising ways that ancient farmers in the past dealt with long term droughts.
Social sciences (general) --- Ethnology. Cultural anthropology --- Meteorology. Climatology --- Archeology --- sociale wetenschappen --- archeologie --- klimaatverandering --- Human beings --- Violence --- Pueblo Indians. --- Anthropological ethics. --- Homme --- Pueblo (Indiens) --- Anthropologues --- Effect of climate on. --- Environmental aspects --- Influence du climat --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Déontologie --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVHUMAI SPRINGER-B
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Dans cet ouvrage quelque 28 juristes francophones et anglophones ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives relatives au rôle des droits de propriété pour protéger et gérer les ressources environnementales au service des humains et de la planète. Contrairement à la doxa de l’écologie politique , les droits de propriété sont au cœur de la civilisation et, sous réserve de les adapter aux nouveaux défis environnementaux, sont aussi le meilleur rempart contre les excès de la réglementation. In this book, around 28 French- and English-speaking lawyers open new perspectives on the role of property rights in the protection and the management of environmental resources in the service of humankind and the planet. Contrary to the doxa of the political ecology, property rights are at the core of civilization and, provided they are adapted to the new environmental challenges, they are also the best safeguard against overregulation
Law of real property --- Environmental law --- Environmental policy --- Environmental economics --- Right of property --- Environnement --- Economie de l'environnement --- Droit de propriété --- Environmental aspects. --- Politique gouvernementale --- Aspect de l'environnement --- E-books --- Justice environnementale --- Propriété --- Propriété foncière --- Nature --- Droit --- Droit international --- Protection
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In 2022 zijn de termen ‘duurzaamheid’ en ‘duurzame ontwikkeling’ niet meer weg te denken uit de media en het maatschappelijk debat. Ook onder juristen is er in toenemende mate meer interesse om duurzaamheid als uitgangspunt voor onderzoek en onderwijs te nemen. Centraal in het debat staat momenteel de ecologische duurzaamheid in het kader van klimaatverandering en de noodzaak om een oplossing te vinden voor de te grote uitstoot van broeikasgassen.Het privaatrecht, zijnde het onderdeel van het recht dat de verhoudingen tussen burgers reguleert en vooral faciliteert, speelt daarbij op het eerste oog wellicht geen belangrijke rol. Toch is er zeer veel te zeggen om nu juist ook het privaatrecht te betrekken. Het privaatrecht is namelijk bij uitstek een rechtsgebied dat hieraan een bijdrage kan leveren. Door niet alleen publiekrechtelijk af te dwingen of prikkels te scheppen, maar vooral ook privaatrechtelijk te faciliteren, kunnen burgers en bedrijven zelf actie ondernemen. Vanuit verschillende privaatrechtelijke deelgebieden, zoals het ondernemingsrecht, het contractenrecht, het aansprakelijkheidsrecht en het goederenrecht wordt hier al volop over nagedacht.Deze vaststelling vormde een uitstekende reden om in mei 2021 dankzij de gulle steun van het Tijdschrift voor Privaatrecht verschillende privaatrechtelijke perspectieven uit de lage landen en Zuid-Afrika bij elkaar te brengen tijdens het TPR-colloquium ‘Privaatrecht 2050. De weg naar ecologische duurzaamheid’. Het boek dat u in handen houdt, vormt de schriftelijke neerslag van dit colloquium, dat op die wijze ontsnapt aan de vluchtigheid van iedere mondelinge discussie en ook relevant wordt voor wie niet aanwezig kon zijn. De bedoeling van dit verslagboek gaat echter verder: het is namelijk ook de expliciete doelstelling om een aanzet te geven tot een onderzoeksagenda voor de subdiscipline ‘Privaatrecht en duurzaamheid’ voor de komende jaren.
Legal theory and methods. Philosophy of law --- Private law --- Environmental law --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Belgium --- Sustainability --- Durabilité de l'environnement --- Industries --- Industrie --- Responsible consumption --- Consommation durable --- Civil law --- Droit civil --- Environmental aspects. --- Aspect de l'environnement --- Développement durable --- Environnement --- Contrats. --- Sociétés --- Biens (droit) --- Consommation durable. --- Droit. --- Pays-Bas. --- Belgique.
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