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How did audiences of ancient Greek comedy react to the spectacle of masters and slaves? If they were expected to laugh at a slave threatened with a beating by his master at one moment but laugh with him when they bantered familiarly at the next, what does this tell us about ancient Greek slavery? This volume presents ten essays by leading specialists in ancient Greek literature, culture and history, exploring the changing roles and representations of slaves in comic drama from Aristophanes at the height of the Athenian Empire to the New Comedy of Menander and the Hellenistic World. The contributors focus variously on individual comic dramas or on particular historical periods, analysing a wide range of textual, material-culture and comparative data for the practices of slavery and their representation on the ancient Greek comic stage.

Thematology --- Classical Greek literature --- Drama --- Greek drama (Comedy) --- Slavery in literature. --- Comédie grecque --- Esclavage dans la littérature --- History and criticism. --- Histoire et critique --- Esclaves --- Thèmes, motifs --- Dans la littérature --- Greek drama (Comedy). --- Sklaverei. --- Komödie. --- Griechisch. --- Griekenland. --- Comédie grecque --- Esclavage dans la littérature --- Thèmes, motifs. --- Dans la littérature. --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Slavery and slaves in literature --- Slaves in literature --- Enslaved persons in literature

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ans doute peu de lecteurs du XXIe siècle répondraient-ils positivement à la question posée en tête de ce volume. Et le fait même de la formuler pourra paraître incongru à certains. Ce serait ignorer, cependant, qu'en plein siècle des Lumières, de nombreuses voix se sont élevées afin de mettre en doute les progrès dont on se targuait généralement dans les différents domaines de la connaissance, des arts, ou de la littérature. Et ces voix n'émanaient pas que des anti-Philosophes, loin de là ! Dans le camp philosophique lui-même, en effet, les plus grands auteurs - Rousseau, bien sûr, mais aussi Voltaire ou Montesquieu, par exemple - n'ont pas manqué de comparer défavorablement leur propre époque aux précédentes, jugées plus fastes, plus sages, ou comme ayant fait preuve d'un goût plus sûr. L'Antiquité, cela va sans dire, se taille la part du lion dans ces flatteuses appréciations, mais aussi, notamment, un XVIIe siècle que l'éclat du Roi-Soleil nimbe encore d'un énorme prestige. Tour à tour, tous les domaines de la vie sociale sont passés au crible par les censeurs des turpitudes du siècle : décadence des mœurs et de l'art de gouverner, laxisme des couvents, recul de la musique religieuse « inspirée » devant un art désormais voué au seul plaisir, vogue dangereuse du « trop facile » roman, utopies aventureuses menaçant l'ordre social, etc. Face à ce constat plutôt inquiétant, nombreux sont les auteurs qui finissent par se résigner à imputer aux "lois de l'histoire", ou même parfois à celles de l'évolution de l'espèce humaine, cette "décadence" somme toute inévitable puisqu'elle se trouve en germe dans tous les apogées. On se convainc par conséquent, en lisant ce volume, que derrière le masque optimiste des Lumières et le rêve qu'elles portent d'un avenir meilleur, les hommes du dix-huitième siècle pressentaient avec acuité, mais non sans trouble, l'approche d'une impasse sociétale qui allait bientôt conduire aux bouleversements que l'on sait. Entre nostalgie d'un passé déjà révolu et anticipations audacieuses d'un futur encore espéré, la tension était manifestement devenue trop forte. A l'appel du Groupe d'étude du XVIIIe siècle de l'Université libre de Bruxelles, une quinzaine de chercheurs belges, français et italiens se sont penchés sur ce thème, sans doute trop peu étudié jusqu'à présent.

History of civilization --- anno 1700-1799 --- Regression (Civilization) --- Eighteenth century --- Décadence --- Dix-huitième siècle --- France --- Civilization --- Civilisation --- DNHISTO DNU-EUB EPUB-ALPHA-X EPUB-DNU-FT EPUB-LIV-FT LIVHISTO EDITIONSULB-B --- Civilization, Modern --- Eighteenth century. --- Europe --- Intellectual life --- Décadence --- Littérature --- Dans la littérature. --- Thèmes, motifs.

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This book investigates the aesthetic and conceptual characteristics of fifteenth-century female portraiture on panel. Portraits of women increased substantially during this century. They formed part of a material and a visual culture borne out of the rapid rise of an oligarchy from entrepreneurial activities that was especially advanced in the urbanised territories of Italy and Flanders. For this reason, the portraits in this book are by Netherlandish and Italian painters. They are simultaneously illustrative of the emancipation of the genre from its medieval idiom, and of the responses to the matrix of patriarchy, under which society was organised.

Patriarchy is an androcentric structure that places women in a paradoxical situation of legal and social disenfranchisement on the account of purported psychophysical inadequacy, whilst making them the catalysts, through arranged marriages, for the success of the spheres of power, which are controlled by men. Thus, these portraits are also a window into women's lives in this structure. This book is the first systematic study of their sign-system and of the feminine experience of seeing and being seen, at the intersection of disciplines that include art history, anthropology, legal history, philosophy. The surprising results suggest new interpretations of form and function in female portraiture, women's active role in the imaging process and the early instances of a pro-women ideology.

Women in art. --- Portrait painting, Italian --- Portrait painting, Dutch --- Women --- Human females --- Wimmin --- Woman --- Womon --- Womyn --- Females --- Human beings --- Femininity --- Dutch portrait painting --- Italian portrait painting --- Portraits. --- Portraiture, Women, Netherlandish, Italian, Querelle de Femme, Patriarchy. --- Sociology of the family. Sociology of sexuality --- Painting --- History of civilization --- History of Italy --- History of the Low Countries --- portraits --- women [female humans] --- anno 1400-1499 --- Portrait painting --- Painting, Netherlandish --- Painting, Italian --- Femmes --- Femmes. --- Portraits (peinture) --- Peinture néerlandaise --- Peinture --- in art --- Themes, motives. --- Dans l'art --- Thèmes, motifs. --- Women in art --- Painting, Dutch --- Women. --- History --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- To 1500 --- Italy. --- Netherlands. --- Portraits --- Italiaanse school --- Nederlandse school --- Portraits, Dutch --- Portraits, Italian

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A study of the immensely popular lives 'of Christ and the Virgin in medieval France.'

French literature --- Literature, Medieval --- Narrative theology --- Littérature française --- Littérature médiévale --- Théologie narrative --- History and criticism. --- Themes, motives --- Histoire et critique --- Thèmes, motifs --- Jesus Christ --- Mary, --- In literature. --- History and criticism --- In literature --- anno 1100-1199 --- anno 1200-1299 --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1300-1399 --- France --- Christian dogmatics --- anno 1200-1499 --- Littérature française --- Littérature médiévale --- Théologie narrative --- Thèmes, motifs --- Themes, motives. --- French literature - To 1500 - History and criticism --- Literature, Medieval - History and criticism --- Iesus Christus D.N. --- Maria Deipara --- Vita --- Jesus Christ - In literature --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint - In literature --- ʻAdhrāʼ --- Arogyamata --- Ārōkkiyamāta --- Birhen ng mga Dukha --- Blessed Lady --- Blessed Mother --- Blessed Virgin Mary, --- Hagnē Theotokos --- Madonna, The --- Majka Isusova --- Mama Mary --- Mare de Déu --- Maria, --- Mariam Astuatsatsin, --- Marie, --- Marie Théotokos --- Marii︠a︡, --- Maryam, --- Maryja, --- Meryem Ana, --- Miryam, --- Mother of God --- Muíre, --- Nossa Senhora --- Our Lady --- Our Lady of Emmitsburg --- Our Lady of Good Health --- Our Lady of Sorrows --- Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament --- Qiddīsah Maryam --- Theotokos --- Vierge Marie, --- Virgen María, --- Virgin Mary, --- Virgin of the Poor --- Ynang Maria, --- مريم --- مريم العذراء --- 성모마리아 --- Christ --- Cristo --- Jezus Chrystus --- Jesus Cristo --- Jesus, --- Christ, Jesus --- Yeh-su --- Masīḥ --- Khristos --- Gesù --- Christo --- Yeshua --- Chrystus --- Gesú Cristo --- Ježíš --- Isa, --- Nabi Isa --- Isa Al-Masih --- Al-Masih, Isa --- Masih, Isa Al --- -Jesus, --- Jesucristo --- Yesu --- Yeh-su Chi-tu --- Iēsous --- Iēsous Christos --- Iēsous, --- Kʻristos --- Hisus Kʻristos --- Christos --- Jesuo --- Yeshuʻa ben Yosef --- Yeshua ben Yoseph --- Iisus --- Iisus Khristos --- Jeschua ben Joseph --- Ieso Kriʻste --- Yesus --- Kristus --- ישו --- ישו הנוצרי --- ישו הנצרי --- ישוע --- ישוע בן יוסף --- المسيح --- مسيح --- يسوع المسيح --- 耶稣 --- 耶稣基督 --- 예수그리스도 --- Jíizis --- Yéshoua --- Iėsu̇s --- Khrist Iėsu̇s --- ‏عيسىٰ‏ --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint --- Christianity. --- cultural reflection. --- lives of Christ and the Virgin. --- medieval France. --- medieval literature. --- narrative theology. --- religious narratives. --- religious texts.