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A classical viewpoint claims that reality consists of both things and stuff, and that we need a way to discuss these aspects of reality. This is achieved by using +count terms to talk about things while using +mass terms to talk about stuff. Bringing together contributions from internationally-renowned experts across interrelated disciplines, this book explores the relationship between mass and count nouns in a number of syntactic environments, and across a range of languages. It both explains how languages differ in their methods for describing these two fundamental categories of reality, and shows the many ways that modern linguistics looks to describe them. It also explores how the notions of count and mass apply to 'abstract nouns', adding a new dimension to the countability discussion. With its pioneering approach to the fundamental questions surrounding mass-count distinction, this book will be essential reading for researchers in formal semantics and linguistic typology.
Lexicology. Semantics --- Philosophy of language --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Language and languages --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Mass nouns --- Numerals --- Quantifiers --- Philosophy --- Grammar, Comparative
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The use of numerals in counting differs quite dramatically across languages. Some languages grammaticalise a contrast between count nouns (three cats; three books) vs 'non-count' or mass nouns (milk, mud), marking this distinction in different ways. Others use a system of numeral classifiers, while yet others use a combination of both. This book draws attention to the contrast between counting and measuring, and shows that it is central to our understanding of how we use numerical expressions, classifiers and count nouns in different languages. It reviews some of the more recent major linguistic results in the semantics of numericals, counting and measuring and theories of the mass/count distinction, and presents the author's new research on the topic. The book draws heavily on crosslinguistic research, and presents in-depth case studies of the mass/count distinction and counting and measuring in a number of typologically unrelated languages. It also includes chapters on classifiers, constructions and on adjectival uses of measure phrases.
Comparative linguistics --- Grammar --- Pragmatics --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Grammar & Punctuation. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Syntax. --- Semantics. --- Semantics --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- English language --- Realization (Linguistics) --- Actualisation (Linguistics) --- Manifestation (Linguistics) --- Realisation (Linguistics) --- Representation (Linguistics) --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Mass nouns --- Nouns, Mass --- Dual (Grammar) --- Number (Grammar) --- Plural (Grammar) --- Mathematical linguistics --- Mathematical models --- Numerals --- Number --- Semasiology --- Mass terms --- Non-count nouns --- Quantifiable nouns --- Unbounded nouns --- Uncountable nouns --- Noun --- Nominals --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Language and languages --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Formal semantics --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Information theory --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Grammar, Comparative --- English language Semantics
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