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Macrosocial Determinants of Population Health explores social factors such as culture, mass media, political systems, and migration that influence population health while systematically considering how we may best study these factors and use our knowledge from this study to guide public health interventions. Starting from the dual premises that a population is not merely the sum of its individuals and that the improvement of population health is not at odds with the practical desire of improving the health of individuals, Sandro Galea and 33 expert contributors present chapters in three sections. The first section includes eleven chapters that each discuss one macrosocial determinant of population health. The factors covered by these chapters encompass a broad range of intellectual concerns, ranging from regulations and legal frameworks (global governance, patent law and policy), to overarching global phenomena (globalization, migration, urbanization, the media), to a specific consideration of the role of economic, political, and corporate policies and practices. The second section considers particular methodologic issues pertinent to those interested in the study of how macrosocial factors influence the health of populations, offering insights on ecological studies and causal inference, and weighing how we may best study the overlapping roles of determinants at local, state, and national levels. The third section presents a framework for interventions that aim to improve population health and innovative case studies that show this framework in action. Throughout, contributors emphasize the potential of population strategies to influence traditional risk factors associated with health and disease. Each section ends with Galea's integrative chapters, bringing the observations and conclusions from the chapters into clear, usable focus. Macrosocial Determinants of Population Health is a work of major theoretical, empirical, and practical interest for disciplines as varied as public health, epidemiology, health promotion, sociology, and health policy. Its systematic field-building approach makes it as valuable to the public health provider as to the scholars and students studying the health of populations.

WA 105 Epidemiology --- Epidemiology --- Health Promotion

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Health Assets in a Global Context: Theory, Methods, Action Edited by Antony Morgan, Maggie Davies, and Erio Ziglio As global health inequities continue to widen, policymakers are redoubling their efforts to address them. Yet the effectiveness and quality of these programs vary considerably, sometimes resulting in the reverse of expected outcomes. While local political issues or cultural conflicts may play a part in these situations, an important new book points to a universal factor: the prevailing deficit model of assessing health needs, which puts disadvantaged communities on the defensive while ignoring their potential strengths. The asset model proposed in Health Assets in a Global Context offers a necessary complement to the problem-focused framework by assessing multiple levels of health-promoting aspects in populations, and promoting joint solutions between communities and outside agencies. The book provides not only rationales and methodologies (e.g., measuring resilience and similar elusive qualities) but also concrete examples of asset-based initiatives in use across the world on the individual and community levels, including: ¢ Strengthening the assets of disadvantaged women (Germany). ¢ Sustainable community-based development programs (India). ¢ Using parental assets to control child malaria (West Africa). ¢ Asset/evidence-based health promotion in the schools (Romania). ¢ Evaluating asset-based programs (Latin America). ¢ Using social capital to promote health equity (Australia). Health Assets in a Global Context offers a new, positive lens for viewing the world's most resistant public health crises, making it fundamental reading for researchers and graduate students in public health, especially those involved in health promotion, health disparities, social determinants of health, and global health.

Medicine & Public Health. --- Public Health. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Health Administration. --- Medicine. --- Public health. --- Practice of medicine. --- Médecine --- Santé publique --- Medical care. --- Health promotion. --- Health planning. --- Community health services.

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'Rare Diseases Epidemiology' offers numerous approaches to increase the knowledge base of rare diseases and conditions and to facilitate the development and dissemination of interventions for the prevention, diagnosis, or treatment of over 6500 diseases and conditions. The goals of epidemiology are not restricted merely to providing numerical data on the prevalence or incidence of diseases in a limited or general population. Analyses of epidemiological data gathered from appropriately designed and conducted studies are required to establish public health policies and priorities in all nations. Information gained from these studies lead to a better understanding of the etiology and the impact of genetic or environmental factors on the occurrence and outcome of these disorders. The term Rare Diseases includes both acquired and inherited disorders. 'Rare Diseases Epidemiology' provides methods and approaches from the collective experiences of established research investigators who address these significant issues of the development of patient registries; the collection, storage and selected distribution of bio-specimens from bio-banking activities; the validation and utilization of genetic testing and newborn screening procedures; the presentation of issues related to the importance of case reports to increase knowledge of rare diseases; the challenges and models for population-based surveillance studies for rare congenital and inherited disorders; the statistical methods for the geographical analyses of rare diseases; the value and need for clinical trials and comparative effective studies; and meeting the requirements of regulatory agencies. Economic, societal, and ethical concerns are presented as patients and families encounter difficulties obtaining the correct diagnosis, gaining access to treatments, and receiving coverage or reimbursement for approved interventions, and for developing a public understanding of the costs to patients and their families and the burden of illness affecting the quality of life of millions of patients with rare diseases and conditions. Framework programs for rare diseases research as developed by the European Union and the value of national plans for individual member countries are discussed and represent the public commitment to patients with rare diseases. Likewise, similar programs have been implemented in the USA as a result of the Orphan Drug Act to address the needs of the rare diseases community.

Medicine & Public Health. --- Epidemiology. --- Human Genetics. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Médecine --- Génétique humaine --- Epidémiologie --- Rare diseases --- Rare disorders --- Uncommon diseases --- Diseases --- Epidemiology

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Sepsis is a multi-factorial disease process and this volume provides comprehensive and in-depth reviews of both the basic science and more practical aspects of patient management. These include detailed information on the epidemiology and genetics of sepsis as well as the metabolic and cardiovascular responses to infection. Infectious disease, in relation to sepsis, is well covered including chapters on unusual/exotic infections, control of infection and the rational use of antibiotics. Haematological aspects of sepsis are also reviewed in detail. Further chapters focus on the currently controversial areas of clinical trial design in sepsis and protocol-driven care. A specific chapter, with illustrated cases, draws practical lessons and offers useful management "tips". The patient with sepsis provides a major challenge to the hospital acute team and septic shock is the commonest cause of admission to General Critical Care Units in the industrialised world. The incidence of sepsis is also increasing, in part due to the more complex patient case mix which is a feature of modern hospital practice. This volume is useful to both trainees in Critical Care and Anaesthesia as well as Infectious Disease and General Medical trainees. It also provides qualified practitioners in these fields with a comprehensive resource on sepsis-related topics.

Medicine & Public Health. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Anatomy. --- Dermatology. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Medicine. --- Human anatomy. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Pneumology. --- Médecine --- Anatomie humaine --- Dermatologie --- Maladies infectieuses émergentes --- Bloodborne infections. --- Sepsis. --- Septicemia. --- Septicemia --- Infection --- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome --- Inflammation --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Pathologic Processes --- Diseases --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Sepsis --- Law - Non-U.S. --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Law, Politics & Government --- Infectious Diseases --- Law - Africa, Asia, Pacific & Antarctica --- Blood-borne diseases --- Blood-borne infections --- Bloodborne diseases --- Bloodborne infection --- Blood poisoning --- Poisoning, Blood --- Septicaemia --- Health promotion. --- Infectious diseases. --- Respiratory organs --- Diseases. --- Respiratory diseases --- Health promotion programs --- Health promotion services --- Promotion of health --- Wellness programs --- Preventive health services --- Health education --- Skin --- Anatomy, Human --- Anatomy --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Human body --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Communicable diseases --- Blood --- Transmission --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Health Workforce --- Respiratory organs—Diseases.

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The statistics are disturbing: steadily rising numbers of sedentary overweight children and obese teens, and a generation looking at a shorter life expectancy than their parents’. But while it may be obvious that physical fitness benefits both the mind and body, a growing research base is supplying evidence of why this is so, and how these benefits may be reproduced in greater numbers. Physical Activity Across the Lifespan makes a clear, scientific case for exercise, sports, and an active lifestyle in preventing illness and establishing lifetime health habits at both the individual and the population levels. The book focuses on key aspects of physical/mental well-being—weight, mood, and self-regulation—and the role of physical activity in public health and school-based interventions targeting these areas. Contributors review definitional and measurement issues salient to understanding what physical activity is, to analyzing benefits of participation, and to implementing effective interventions. Also addressed are limitations of current research, steps needed to continue building the field, and emerging therapeutic possibilities for activity, such as the role of rough and tumble play in preventing ADHD. Included in the coverage: Physical activity, cognition, and school performance. The influence of social and built environments on physical activity in middle-aged and older adults. Preventing and treating obesity through physical activity. Physical activity in preventing drug use and treating chemical dependence. Antidepressant properties of physical activity. Schools as a foundation for physical activity and an active lifestyle. Physical activity as an adjunct or booster to existing interventions. Physical Activity Across the Lifespan is an innovative text for researchers and practitioners in various disciplines including health promotion/disease prevention, child and school psychology, education, health psychology, and public health, as well as program developers and policymakers in these areas.

Developmental psychology --- Psychology --- Social policy --- Educational psychology --- Educational sciences --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- medische psychologie --- preventieve gezondheidszorg --- onderwijspolitiek --- schoolpsychologie --- gezondheidszorg --- gezondheidspromotie --- kinderpsychologie --- ontwikkelingspsychologie --- welzijnsbeleid --- sociaal beleid --- Health promotion. --- Child psychology. --- School psychology. --- Health psychology. --- Medicine. --- Educational policy. --- Education and state. --- Social policy. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Child and School Psychology. --- Health Psychology. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Educational Policy and Politics. --- Social Policy. --- National planning --- State planning --- Economic policy --- Family policy --- Social history --- Education --- Education policy --- Educational policy --- State and education --- Endowment of research --- Health Workforce --- Health psychology --- Health psychology, Clinical --- Psychology, Clinical health --- Psychology, Health --- Salutogenesis --- Clinical psychology --- Medicine and psychology --- Psychology, School --- Psychology, Applied --- Behavior, Child --- Child behavior --- Child study --- Children --- Pediatric psychology --- Child development --- Health promotion programs --- Health promotion services --- Promotion of health --- Wellness programs --- Preventive health services --- Health education --- Government policy