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History --- Geschiedenis

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Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) was a highly prolific polymath of the fifteenth century. Although his contributions to architecture and the visual arts are well known and available in good English editions, as are many of his literary and social writings, his mathematical works are not well represented. This present volume was planned to fill that gap, with entirely new English translations and critical commentaries making the works easily accessible for a wide readership of specialists and non-specialists alike. Four texts are included here. Although Alberti's Commentarii rerum mathematicarum appears to be lost, we have his Ludi matematici . In these games  Alberti describes twenty practical applications of mathematics in an accessible style. The translation is accompanied by a new transcript of the recently identified manuscript held in the National Library in Florence upon which it was based. In Elementi di pittura, Alberti provides a catalogue of definitions and geometric constructions, using Euclidean references but drawing a distinction between theoria of mathematical entities and praxis of painterly applications. Alberti's most original mathematical contribution is a late work, De compendis cifris, first discussing the frequency of vowels, consonants, and different groupings in Latin, and then introducing a method of polyalphabetic substitution. Even more original is his enciphered code which permutes four numerals in two-, three-, and four-digit groups. De lunularum quadratura rehearses the classical demonstration of squaring a lune by Hippocrates.

Mathematics --- History --- geschiedenis --- wiskunde

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Kerstmis --- History of civilization

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Mal emblématique, le cancer du sein accompagne l'histoire des femmes. Il déborde infiniment le champ des connaissances et des actions de la médecine. Il renvoie aux questions fondamentales que se pose tout être humain. Mon avenir est-il une page blanche ? Qu'est-ce que la vérité ? La raison peut-elle rendre compte de tout ? Est-ce que les autres m'aiment ? Que peuvent les forces de l'esprit ? Pourquoi ne suis-je pas immortel ? Pour répondre, l'auteur puise dans l'art, la psychologie, l'histoire ou la philosophie et illustre sa réflexion au travers de magnifiques illustrations en couleur. Il offre un plaidoyer pour une médecine du sein plus sereine, une analyse des ambiguïtés de la société face à une maladie devenue insupportable, soulève des interrogations sur des actions sanitaires collectives qui s'inscrivent dans le consumérisme, les enjeux médicaux, économiques et politiques. Comment penser le cancer du sein, ce mal emblématique qui accompagne l'histoire des femmes, des hommes et des sociétés ? Souvent "médicalement incorrect", l'ouvrage est une quête de vérité face à une maladie dépourvue de sens. Cet itinéraire de réflexion s'inspire du quotidien d'un humaniste, médecin de terrain, et philosophe, passionnément ouvert à l'art et à la vie. Dominique Gros, sénologue à Strasbourg, est connu pour ses contributions originales sur le thème de l'art et du cancer.

History of human medicine --- Oncology. Neoplasms --- History --- geneeskunde --- geschiedenis --- oncologie

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This study examines Jean Calvin's attempt to nurture a godly society and further his vision of ecclesiastical and societal reform by means of sound pedagogy and persuasive rhetoric. The focus of this work is Calvin's interpretation of the latter Pentateuch, and particularly the book of Deuteronomy. The author examines Calvin's exegesis and rhetoric in his commentary on the latter Pentateuch, as well as the sermons that Calvin preached on Deuteronomy material that has received little scholarly attention. Calvin's interpretations are compared with the preceding exegetical tradition and with his contemporaries, and always considered in the contexts of the early modern interest in classical rhetoric and that of the reform of church, theology, and society in Switzerland and beyond. Commonly held assumptions about Calvin's methodology, such as his alleged aversion to rhetoric and the scholarly fixation on his laconic style, are challenged, nuanced, and corrected. Because of its fresh, contextual approach to Calvin's thought, this study will be an important resource for students of the history of exegesis as well as for Calvin scholars, and it will appeal to seminary as well as university students.

Religious studies --- History --- theologie --- geschiedenis