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This monograph addresses the legal and policy issues relating to the commercial exploitation of natural resources in outer space. It begins by establishing the economic necessity and technical feasibility of space mining today, an estimate of the financial commitments required, followed by a risk analysis of a commercial mining venture in space, identifying the economic and legal risks. This leads to the recognition that the legal risks must be minimised to enable such projects to be financed. This is followed by a discussion of the principles of international space law, particularly dealing with state responsibility and international liability, as well as some of the issues arising from space mining activities. Much detail is devoted to the analysis of the content of the common heritage of mankind doctrine. The monograph then attempts to balance such interests in creating a legal and policy compromise to create a new regulatory regime.

Space research --- Astrophysics --- Rocks. Minerals --- mineralogie --- astrofysica --- ruimtevaart --- Space mining --- Space law --- Law and legislation --- Australian

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In its Annual Report 2003/2004, the German Council of Economic Experts launched a dual income tax as an option for a fundamental tax reform in Germany. In February 2005, the German government appointed the Council to prepare a detailed report on economic effects of a business tax reform, with special emphasis on a dual income tax. With regard to the latter, conceptual problems of tax law and of tax administration were to be addressed as well as possible transitional problems when implementing a dual income tax. This book presents an English version of the original report completed in April 2006.

inkomstenbelastingen --- financieel recht --- Public economics --- Public finance --- overheidsfinanciën --- Financial law --- Corporations --- Business enterprises --- Income tax --- Taxation --- Law and legislation

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Patent laws are different in many countries, and inventors are sometimes at a loss to understand which basic requirements should be satisfied if an invention is to be granted a patent. This is particularly true for inventions implemented on a computer. While roughly a third of all applications (and granted patents) relate, in one way or another, to a computer, applications where the innovation mainly resides in software or in a business method are treated differently by the major patent offices in the US (USPTO), Japan (JPO) and Europe (EPO). The authors start with a thorough introduction to patent laws and practices, and to related intellectual property rights, also explaining the procedures at the USPTO, JPO and EPO, and, in particular, the peculiarities in the treatment of applications centring on software or computers. Based on this theoretical description they then present, in a very structured way, a comprehensive set of case studies from differing areas including business methods, databases, graphical user interfaces and digital rights management. Each set starts with a short description and claim for the "invention", explains a patent examiner’s likely arguments, then eventually refines step by step to avoid basic reservations against the content. All of these case studies are based on real-world examples, and will thus give an inexperienced developer a strong sense of the level of technical detail and description that should be provided. Together, Closa, Gardiner, Giemsa and Machek have more than 70 years experience in the patent business. With their academic backgrounds in physics, electronics engineering and computer science, they know both the legal and the technological subtleties of computer-based inventions. With this book, they provide a guide to a patent examiner’s way of thinking in a clear and systematic manner, helping to prepare the first steps towards a successful patent application.

Computer Science. --- Legal Aspects of Computing. --- Commercial Law. --- Law and Economics. --- Computers and Society. --- Computer science. --- Computers --- Commercial law. --- Informatique --- Ordinateurs --- Droit commercial --- Law and legislation. --- Droit --- Computer science --- Law and legislation --- Computers_xLaw and legislation. --- Patent laws and legislation --- Computer software --- Computer programs --- Law, General & Comparative --- Computer Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Patents --- Patent laws and legislation. --- Law, Patent --- Scientific property --- Computers and civilization. --- Computers. --- Law and economics. --- Industrial laws and legislation --- Industrial property --- Trade regulation --- Copyright --- Informatics --- Science --- Economics and jurisprudence --- Economics and law --- Jurisprudence and economics --- Economics --- Jurisprudence --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Cyberspace --- Civilization and computers --- Civilization --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic brains --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Computer systems --- Cybernetics --- Machine theory --- Calculators --- Computers - Law and legislation --- Computers - Law and legislation - Japan --- Computers - Law and legislation - United States --- Computers - Law and legislation - Europe --- Computer science - Law and legislation

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Consolidatie --- Consolidation --- 657 --- Geconsolideerde jaarrekening --- Jaarrekening : consolidatie --- Accounting --- Standards --- Belgium --- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Law and legislation --- International Financial Reporting Standards --- Consolidatie (jaarrekeningen)

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Considering the effort and funding devoted to a company's success, understanding Intellectual Property rights patents, trade secrets, trademarks, and licensing is essential. Establishing appropriate internal policies from the outset can prevent companies from learning a costly and painful lesson in the courtroom. With Intellectual Property in the Food Technology Industry, currently the only book of its kind focusing specifically on the food industry, one will learn what to consider throughout the various creative phases of a product's lifespan from initial research and development initiatives through post-production. Readers will have an understanding of the intellectual property protections afforded to U.S. corporations, methods to pro-actively reduce potential problems, and guidelines for future considerations to reduce legal spending, prevent IP theft, and allow for greater profitability from corporate innovation and inventiveness.

Chemistry. --- Food Science. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Commercial Law. --- Food science. --- Commercial law. --- Chimie --- Droit commercial --- Food industry and trade --Patents. --- Food law and legislation --United States. --- Intellectual property --United States. --- Intellectual property --- Food law and legislation --- Food industry and trade --- Law - U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Intellectual Property Law - U.S. --- Food preparation industry --- Food processing industry --- Food trade --- Food --- Biotechnology. --- Food processing --- Food technology --- Agricultural processing industries --- Processed foods --- Processing --- Business --- Business law --- Commerce --- Law, Commercial --- Mercantile law --- Law --- Law merchant --- Maritime law --- Physical sciences --- Science --- Law and legislation --- Food—Biotechnology.