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Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides Dr. Viqar Uddin Ahmad, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan Dr. Anwer Basha, Abbott Laboratories , Abbott Park, Illinois, USA Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides serves as an essential reference guide containing spectroscopic, physical and biological activity data of over 3500 steroid glycosides, offering the structures and the data of the naturally occurring glycosides of steroids. All compounds are arranged according to the structure of the aglycone, and, in its own class, according to the increasing molecular weight, making Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides extremely useful for the structure elucidation of new natural products, particularly glycosides. Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides offers a practical desk reference for all scientists and students interested in steroid glycosides and their biological and medicinal importance. The following data of the steroid glycosides, as available in published literature, are included: Name of the compound Chemical name of compound and its structure Source, name of the genus, species, authors, family of the biological source from which the glycoside has been isolated. Melting point Specific rotation Molecule weight Molecular formula UV spectral data : maxima, e or log e , solvent IR peaks in cm-1 with medium in which the spectrum was taken e.g. KBr, nujol, etc Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) chemical shifts, multiplicity of the peaks, coupling constants with assignments 13C-NMR (CMR) chemical shifts with assignments Mass spectral data with the technique used (e.g. Electron Impact (E.I.), Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB), positive ion or negative ion mode or any other technique CD or ORD data Biological Activity Full reference from which data have been taken.

Life Sciences. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Life sciences. --- Toxicology. --- Biochemistry. --- Sciences de la vie --- Toxicologie --- Biochimie --- Glycosides -- Chemistry. --- Molecular Structure. --- Spectrum analysis. --- Steroid glycosides. --- Steroids -- Chemistry. --- Plant Physiology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Botany --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Pharmacology. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Pathology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemicals --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Composition --- Physiological effect --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Toxicology

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Plant neurobiology is a newly emerging field of plant sciences. It covers signalling and communication at all levels of biological organization – from molecules up to ecological communities. In this book, plants are presented as intelligent and social organisms with complex forms of communication and information processing. Authors from diverse backgrounds such as molecular and cellular biology, electrophysiology, as well as ecology treat the most important aspects of plant communication, including the plant immune system, abilities of plants to recognize self, signal transduction, receptors, plant neurotransmitters and plant neurophysiology. Further, plants are able to recognize the identity of herbivores and organize the defence responses accordingly. The similarities in animal and plant neuronal/immune systems are discussed too. All these hidden aspects of plant life and behaviour will stimulate further intense investigations in order to understand the communicative plants in their whole complexity.

Histologie. Cytologie --- Fysiologie en biofysica der planten --- Neurofysiologie. Zintuigfysiologie --- Industriële biochemie --- systematische plantkunde --- biochemie --- cytologie --- histologie --- planten --- neurobiologie --- Plant cellular signal transduction --- Plant physiology --- Plant physiology. --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry. --- Botany. --- Neurobiology. --- Plant Physiology. --- Cell Biology. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Plant Sciences. --- Neurosciences --- Botany --- Plants --- Physiology --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Composition --- Cell biology. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Plant science. --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Floristic botany --- Acqui 2006

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Doubled haploid technology is an important tool for plant breeding. It allows for significant time reduction in the achievement of homozygous breeding lines of value in crop improvement. This volume provides an excellent overview of haploid induction and the application of doubled haploids. The authors emphasize advances made in the understanding of microspore embryogenesis, but treat also advances in gynogenesis and the manipulation of parthenogenetic haploid development. The text contains a thorough discussion of the application of haploidy to the improvement of a number of species from various families, including Brassicaceae, Poaceae, and Solanaceae. The various methods applicable to these species are described in detail. Each chapter contains critical evaluation of the scientific literature and an extensive list of references. This volume is ideally suited for plant breeders, geneticists, and plant cell biologists.

Biochemical engineering --- histologie --- biotechnologie --- biochemie --- Histology. Cytology --- Plant physiology. Plant biophysics --- Biotechnology --- systematische plantkunde --- landbouw --- planten --- Agriculture. Animal husbandry. Hunting. Fishery --- bioengineering --- cytologie --- Crop improvement --- Crops --- Haploidy --- Cultures --- Haploïdie --- Genetic engineering --- Amélioration --- Génie génétique --- Haploidy. --- Plant breeding. --- Plant genetic engineering. --- Life sciences. --- Biotechnology. --- Agriculture. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Plant genetics. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Crop improvement. --- Genetic engineering. --- Haploids --- Chromosome numbers --- Genomes --- Plant genetic engineering --- Improvement, Crop --- Agriculture --- Improvement --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Chemical engineering --- Plants --- Genetics --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Natural history --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Composition --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Floristic botany --- Botanical chemistry. --- Plant Science. --- Plant Genetics.

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Polyploidy – whole-genome duplication (WGD) – is a fundamental driver of biodiversity with significant consequences for genome structure, organization, and evolution.  Once considered a speciation process common only in plants, polyploidy is now recognized to have played a major role in the structure, gene content, and evolution of most eukaryotic genomes.  In fact, the diversity of eukaryotes seems closely tied to multiple WGDs. Polyploidy generates new genomic interactions – initially resulting in “genomic and transcriptomic shock” – that must be resolved in a new polyploid lineage.  This process essentially acts as a “reset” button, resulting in genomic changes that may ultimately promote adaptive speciation.   This book brings together for the first time the conceptual and theoretical underpinnings of polyploid genome evolution with syntheses of the patterns and processes of genome evolution in diverse polyploid groups.  Because polyploidy is most common and best studied in plants, the book emphasizes plant models, but recent studies of vertebrates and fungi are providing fresh perspectives on factors that allow polyploid speciation and shape polyploid genomes.  The emerging paradigm is that polyploidy – through alterations in genome structure and gene regulation – generates genetic and phenotypic novelty that manifests itself at the chromosomal, physiological, and organismal levels, with long-term ecological and evolutionary consequences.

Life Sciences. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Plant Genetics & Genomics. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Plant breeding. --- Sciences de la vie --- Biochimie --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Plantes --- Amélioration --- Plant genetics. --- Polyploidy. --- Plants --- genetics. --- Genetics. --- Plant genetics --- Polyploidy --- Eukaryota --- Chromosome Aberrations --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Pathologic Processes --- Organisms --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Genetics --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Evolution --- Evolutionary genetics. --- Genetic evolution --- Plant biochemistry. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Evolution (Biology) --- Chromosome numbers --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Composition --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics

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Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides Dr. Viqar Uddin Ahmad, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan Dr. Anwer Basha, Abbott Laboratories , Abbott Park, Illinois, USA Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides serves as an essential reference guide containing spectroscopic, physical and biological activity data of over 3500 steroid glycosides, offering the structures and the data of the naturally occurring glycosides of steroids. All compounds are arranged according to the structure of the aglycone, and, in its own class, according to the increasing molecular weight, making Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides extremely useful for the structure elucidation of new natural products, particularly glycosides. Spectroscopic Data of Steroid Glycosides offers a practical desk reference for all scientists and students interested in steroid glycosides and their biological and medicinal importance. The following data of the steroid glycosides, as available in published literature, are included: Name of the compound Chemical name of compound and its structure Source, name of the genus, species, authors, family of the biological source from which the glycoside has been isolated. Melting point Specific rotation Molecule weight Molecular formula UV spectral data : maxima, e or log e , solvent IR peaks in cm-1 with medium in which the spectrum was taken e.g. KBr, nujol, etc Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) chemical shifts, multiplicity of the peaks, coupling constants with assignments 13C-NMR (CMR) chemical shifts with assignments Mass spectral data with the technique used (e.g. Electron Impact (E.I.), Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB), positive ion or negative ion mode or any other technique CD or ORD data Biological Activity Full reference from which data have been taken.

Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medical Biochemistry. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Agriculture. --- Life sciences. --- Toxicology. --- Biochemistry. --- Sciences de la vie --- Toxicologie --- Biochimie --- Agriculture --- Glycosides -- Chemistry. --- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- Statistics & numerical data. --- Molecular structure. --- Saponins -- Chemistry. --- Spectrum analysis. --- Steroid glycosides. --- Steroids -- Chemistry. --- Chemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Biochemistry --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biology - General --- Steroid glycosides --- Spectra. --- Pharmacology. --- Medical biochemistry. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Glycosides --- Steroids --- Steroid saponins --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Toxicology --- Composition --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Medical biochemistry --- Pathobiochemistry --- Pathological biochemistry --- Pathology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect