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Der Balkan und der Nahe Osten teilen eine Tausende von Jahren währende gemeinsame Geschichte, die von der Sesshaftwerdung in der Frühgeschichte bis in das 20. Jahrhundert reicht. In Mesopotamien und auf dem Balkan wurden in der Jungsteinzeit jene Techniken und Fertigkeiten entwickelt, auf denen später Europa und die islamische Welt aufbauen konnten. So wurde beispielsweise in den Zentren "Alteuropas"--Entlang der mittleren Donau - ab dem 5. Jahrtausend bereits mit frühen Schriftsystemen experimentiert, ehe die ersten Keilschrifttexte in Mesopotamien und die Hieroglyphenschrift Ägyptens entwickelt werden sollte. Die "Arbeitsteilung" zwischen einzelnen Wissenschaftsdisziplinen hat es mit sich gebracht, dass diese gemeinsame Geschichte immer wieder aufs Neue gesondert geschrieben wurde: einerseits als Geschichte des Balkans oder des südöstlichen Europa, andererseits als Geschichte des Nahen Ostens. Das zur Publikation anstehende Buch hat das Ziel, diese gesondert betrachteten Geschichten zu einer gemeinsamen zusammenzuführen und entwirft somit eine völlig neue Perspektive. Eine vergleichbar konzipierte Darstellung wurde noch nicht unternommen. Geografisch gesehen erstreckt sich die Darstellung zwischen Bosnien im Westen, dem Irak im Osten und der Arabischen Halbinsel und Ägypten im Süden. Die Darstellung des Stoffes ist auf regionalen und temporalen Vergleichen aufgebaut. Insbesondere der temporale Vergleich stellt eine Herausforderung dar, weil der Zeitraum ca. 10000 Jahre umfasst. Das nach Themenbereichen geordnete Buch ist in 17 Kapitel gegliedert und umfasst 455 Manuskriptseiten mit rund 120 Abbildungen. Als eine Einführung für Studierende konzipiert, kann das Werk auch ein allgemein interessiertes Publikum ansprechen. Der Text ist allgemein-verständlich gehalten und geht insbesondere auch auf das gegenwärtige Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem Islam und Europa ein. Des Weiteren werden religionsgeschichtliche, historisch-anthropologische, ökonomische, kulturelle wie auch Fragen der Geschlechtergeschichte grundsätzlich beleuchtet.

Balkan Peninsula --- History.

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The beginnings of historical anthropology as a transdisciplinary project have to be located in the 1970s. However, in this part of the world it is still considered as a young project. This seems to be the main reason for not having yet developed a common understanding about its aims, methods and core contents. There is also no unanimity about the perception, advocated in this volume, that historical anthropology does not represent a new scientific discipline but an altered understanding of history as a discipline as a whole for the purpose of transdisciplinarity. The intention of the endeavor ‘historical anthropology’ is far from questioning established disciplines such as the historical scholarship but to put man in its historical contingency and cultural complexity into the focus of research and academic teaching. Since the temporal dimension does play a central role anthropologically oriented historical scholarship occupies a specific position in this project. Historical anthropology is comprehended here as integration of disciplines in the sense of a comprehensive science of the human being. Historical anthropology conducted in a rather peripheral region such as Southeastern Europe or the Balkans due to its specific historic development and cultural features is confronted with partly other challenges and has partly different aims compared with Western or Central Europe, for instance, which is reflected in the composition of the present volume. It consists of five parts. The first one addresses migration and adaption strategies, the second one gender relations and stages of life. The third one deals with the complex relationship of geographic features such as mountains and sea, and the human being. The fourth part is devoted to law and disciplining, and the concluding one to identities. The authors are either directly affiliated with Centre for Southeast European History and Anthropology at University of Graz or colleagues from abroad with whom the Centre has intensive collaboration.

Anthropology --- History. --- Balkan Peninsula --- Social life and customs.

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The book by Magdalena Lubanska examines the role of religious syncretism in the social and religious life of Muslim-Christian communities in the Western Rhodopes. The author is interested mainly in the origins and motivations of various beliefs and behaviors which at first sight may appear to be syncretic. She looks at syncretism in the context of anti-syncretic tendencies, particularly pronounced among the Muslim neophytes and young members of the Muslim religious elite, who are not interested in the local forms of post-ottoman Islam ("Adat Islam"), preferring instead a "pure" form of religion, a class of fundamentalist religious movements rooted in orthodox Islam and seeking to remain faithful to mainstream Islamic thought and tradition ("Salafi Islam"). Lubanska findings offer an insight into the fact that although certain actions may appear syncretic in nature, their underlying intentions are often not in fact motivated by syncretic tendencies. This is the first study to look at syncretism in Bulgaria from this perspective.

Balkan Peninsula --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Religious Syncretism, Islam, Bulgaria, Rhodopes. --- Rhodope Mountains Region --- Religion. --- Rhodope Mountains --- Archaeology. --- History. --- Balkan Peninsula.

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Twentieth-century Southeastern Europe endured three, separate decades of international and civil war, and was marred in forced migration and wrenching systematic changes. This book is the result of a year-long project by the Open Society Institute to examine and reappraise this tumultuous century. A cohort of young scholars with backgrounds in history, anthropology, political science, and comparative literature were brought together for this undertaking. The studies invite attention to fascism, socialism, and liberalism as well as nationalism and Communism. While most chapters deal with war and confrontation, they focus rather on the remembrance of such conflicts in shaping today's ideology and national identity.

Nationalism --- Balkan Peninsula --- Politics and government --- Balkan, Childhood, Communism, Historiography, Identity, Ideology, Nationalism, Political studies.

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As we commemorate the Bicentennial of the Greek Revolution, this study by Pascal Kitromilidès of the reception of the French Revolution and the influence it had on the birth of nationalism in the Balkans is timely. The 1990 Greek edition was very much in tune with the events of the day, from the 1989 commemorations to mark the Bicentennial of the French Revolution to the upheaval in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe in the late eighties and early nineties. This revised edition in French invites us to take another look at this period of our recent European past by examining the links between revolutionary ideas and the construction of nationalisms, as the work of any historian as a rule tends to converse with the issues of their own era.This re-examination of the politics of the Enlightenment brings a new perspective, in the light of other contexts and shifts the focus by using the Balkans as a starting point. It reveals a new vision of how French revolutionary ideas were received in Europe and how that reception was criticised by liberal thinkers, as well as providing a more thorough perspective on the specific role Hellenism played in the new landscape that emerged between the end of the 18th century and the middle of the 19th century. The eminently revolutionary ideas of nationhood and freedom had a particular resonance in the Balkans and in South-Eastern Europe.

Balkan Peninsula --- Greek history --- French Revolution --- cultural identity --- political history --- cultural history --- History --- France --- Greece