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Increased interest in California and other states in providing universal access to publicly funded preschool education is behind this study's aims to analyze the economic returns from investing in high-quality preschool education in California.

Early childhood education -- California -- Cost effectiveness. --- Education, Preschool -- Economic aspects -- California. --- Education, Preschool --- Early childhood education --- Economic aspects --- Cost effectiveness. --- Children --- Infant education --- Prekindergarten --- Preschool education --- Education (Preschool) --- Education --- Nursery schools

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At the dawn of the third millennium, we are confronted with a disturbing phenomenon: although global life expectancy still increases, this is not the case for healthy life expectancy! The explanation of this seemingly contradiction is mainly due to the rising prevalence of the new pandemia of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Even in low and middle income countries, the improvement in healthcare status and life expectancy is paralled by the increase of NCDs, as in all countries worldwide. Since the United Nations General Assembly held in New York in 2011, many publications have emphasized the close link between NCDs and nutrition. The NCDs epidemic forces us to reconsider the public health perspectives. Many governments, non-governmental organizations and other institutions are actively involved in educational nutrition programs and campaigns; however their efforts seldom obtain the results hoped for. It is extremely difficult to induce changes in lifestyle and behavior that have built up over a long period of time. However, it becomes urgent to adapt to our changing life-environment where traditional wisdom and intuitive choices are giving way to individual thinking and search for (often uncontrolled) information. This engenders a number of unprecedented challenges and it calls for a re-appraisal of the existing paradigms to achieve an adequate management of the upstream determinants of health instead of a (pre)dominant medical and hospital-centric approach. In the era of personalized healthcare, it is time to empower policy makers, professionals and citizens for achieving an evidence-based change in the health-disease interface and decision-making process for public health interventions. The scientific and professional society Health Technology Assessment International (HTAi) has recognized nutrition as a health technology by creating a Interest Group (IG) dedicated to research on methodologies and assessments of nutrition-related public health, while taking into account contextual factors (ethical, legal, social, organizational, economic, ...) in order to generate meaningful outcomes for establishing evidence-based health policies. This Research Topic aims to elaborate on some of the potential hurdles which have to be overcome for the sake of sustainable healthcare provisions anywhere in the world, such as shortcomings in methodological approaches, regulatory frameworks, gaps between evidence, its hierarchy and final recommendations for public health management.

nutrition --- sustainable public health --- Health Outcomes --- Cost Effectiveness --- Health Technology Assessment --- Contextual research --- diet quality --- ecosystems health --- Non communicable diseases

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U.S. European Command (EUCOM) views building partnerships as its highest theater priority. U.S. Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) seeks to build partnerships and partner capacity in the EUCOM area of responsibility. In spite of the potential benefits of USAFE's building-partnership (BP) activities, USAFE's posture and its BP activities do come with a cost. In today's austere fiscal environment, it is appropriate to assess how the United States and the U.S. Air Force (USAF) can build partnerships most efficiently while ensuring that the requirements for maintaining key alliances and partnerships continue to be met. This report characterizes the current policy debate on security cooperation and force posture in Europe through a review of the literature and discussions with key policymakers and legislative officials in Washington, develops a framework to describe the current BP approach and environment for the USAF in Europe, defines several alternative postures for conducting BP activities using a building-block approach to cost out each high-payoff BP activity, and recommends efficiencies to improve the USAF's BP activities in Europe.

Combined operations (Military science) --- Security, International --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Air Forces --- Cost effectiveness --- Collective security --- International security --- Allied operations (Military science) --- Cost effectiveness. --- United States. --- Military art and science --- Strategy --- Tactics --- USAFE --- United States Air Forces in Europe --- U.S.A.F.E. --- United States --- Europe --- Military relations

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Conservation. Restoration --- risk management --- risk assessment --- Museology --- Art --- Analyse du risque --- Analysis [Risk ] --- Assessment [Risk ] --- Estimation des risques --- Estimation du risque --- Risk analysis --- Risk assessment --- Risk evaluation --- Schatting van het risico --- Évaluation des risques --- Évaluation du risque --- Collectibles --- Museum conservation methods --- Museums --- Museum techniques --- Analysis, Risk --- Assessment, Risk --- Evaluation --- Public institutions --- Cabinets of curiosities --- Conservation methods, Museum --- Collectables --- Memorabilia --- Collectors and collecting --- Souvenirs (Keepsakes) --- Conservation and restoration&delete& --- Cost effectiveness --- Collection management&delete& --- Technique --- Museum conservation methods - Evaluation. --- Museum conservation methods - Cost effectiveness. --- Museums - Collection management - Evaluation. --- Museums - Collection management - Cost effectiveness. --- Museum techniques - Cost effectiveness. --- Collectibles - Conservation and restoration - Evaluation. --- Collectibles - Conservation and restoration - Cost effectiveness. --- Museologie --- Conservatie. Restauratie --- Kunst --- risicobeheer --- risicoanalyse --- Applied museology --- Museography --- Museum practices --- Museum studies --- Conservation and restoration --- Collection management --- conservatie.

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This report characterizes the diffusion of use of electronic health records (EHRs). The author uses interviews and surveys and a literature review to investigate whether healthcare is expected to duplicate the gains enabled by information technology seen in several prominent industries. To accomplish this, the following questions are asked: What is the current diffusion of health information technology? How does EHR diffusion compare to innovations in other industries? What is such diffusion worth to society? What should the government do, if anything, to speed the adoption of EHRs?

Teleconferencing. --- Medicine --- Medical records --- Diffusion of innovations. --- Information technology --- Evaluation. --- Government policy --- Data processing --- Cost effectiveness. --- Telematics. --- Telecommunication --- CMC systems --- Computer-mediated communication --- Cyberspace --- Innovations, Diffusion of --- Acculturation --- Communication --- Culture diffusion --- Technological innovations --- Clinical records --- Health records --- Hospital medical records --- Patient care records --- Communication in medicine --- Hospital records --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce