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Cinema-going was the most popular commercial leisure activity in the first half of the twentieth century, peaking in 1946 with 1.6 billion recorded admissions. Though 'going to the pictures' remained a popular pastime, the transition to peacetime altered citizens' leisure habits. During the 1950s increased affluence, the growth of television ownership and the diversification of leisure led to rapid declines in attendance. Cinema attendances fell in all regions, but the speed, nature and extent of decline varied widely across the United Kingdom. By linking national developments to detailed case studies of Belfast and Sheffield, this book adds nuance to our understanding of regional variations in film exhibition, audience habits and cinema-going experiences during a period of profound social and cultural change. Drawing on a wide range of quantitative and qualitative sources, Cinema and Cinema-Going conveys the diverse nature of this important industry, and the significance of place as a determinant of film attendance in post-war Britain.
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Reflecting upon his experience making his 2010 feature film Mothers, a cinematic triptych interweaving three narratives that are each, in their own way, about the often tenuous lines between truth and fiction, and one of which actually morphs into a documentary about the aftermath in a small Macedonian town where three retired cleaning women were found raped and killed in 2008 and the murderer turned out to be the journalist covering the story for a major Macedonian newspaper, the Oscar-nominated Macedonian-born and New York-based writer-director Milcho Manchevski writes that, "Most of us look at films differently or accept stories in a different way if we believe that they are true. We watch a documentary film in a different way from the way we watch a drama. We read a magazine article in a different way from the way in which we read a short story. Sometimes, we even treat a film that employs actors differently than a regular drama because we were told that it is based on something that really happened. We treat these works based on truth or reporting on the truth in different ways. Why? What is it in our relation to reality or in our relation to what we perceive to be reality that makes us value a work of artifice (an art piece) differently depending on our knowledge or conviction of whether that work of artifice is based on events that really took place?" In this extended essay, or letter, Manchevski ruminates the different ways in which both filmmakers and audiences create, experience, and absorb the cinematic narrative with a certain trust and faith in the artwork to render, not the factual truth, per se, but the importantly shared experience of trusting "the plane of reality created by the work itself," such that "we trust its inner logic and integrity, we have faith in what happens while we give ourselves to this work of art." Truth becomes a question of what artist and audience can see and feel together: what feels real becomes the world we inhabit. The book also includes an Afterword, "Truth Approaches, Reality Affects," by internationally renowned film scholar Adrian Martin.
Motion pictures --- Motion picture audiences. --- Production and direction. --- Philosophy. --- aesthetics --- Macedonia --- film studies --- cinema vérité
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L’attention des observateurs occidentaux est aujourd’hui rivée sur l’Asie, au point que beaucoup se demandent si le centre économique mondial n’est pas en train de se déplacer de l’Atlantique vers l’océan Indien. L’essor de l’Inde lui confère une plus grande crédibilité culturelle sur la scène internationale et permet d’aborder le cinéma populaire indien d’un œil neuf. Dans le contexte actuel d’une mondialisation accrue des industries culturelles, la résistance de Bollywood aux productions hollywoodiennes sur son marché intérieur et sa présence hors de ses frontières font exception. Identifier les forces acquises à travers les décennies, les bouleversements en cours et les défis majeurs à relever, donne les clés d’une compréhension en profondeur du cinéma indien. L’analyse transversale des différentes étapes du processus de création cinématographique - de la production, distribution et exploitation des films, en passant par les industries techniques et la réception par les publics, jusqu’aux formes et contenus d’une filmographie représentative des deux dernières décennies - dévoile tous les enjeux, mais aussi les limites, de cette confrontation du cinéma populaire indien au modèle d’Hollywood et des grands groupes multimédias. Soucieux des enjeux contemporains, cet ouvrage propose pour la première fois d’aborder Bollywood sous l’angle des industries culturelles. L’approche de terrain nous plonge au cœur d’un système unique, à la fois foisonnant et rentable, divertissant et innovant.
Motion pictures --- Motion picture industry --- Motion picture audiences --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Audiences --- mondialisation --- cinéma --- Bollywood
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La théorie économique dominante, considérant chaque individu comme un être rationnel, présuppose que son comportement est avant tout dicté par la recherche de son intérêt. Elle a imposé la conception d’une autonomie du désir du sujet, supposé s’orienter librement vers tous les objets, en vue d’une maximisation de sa satisfaction. En s’intéressant particulièrement au cinéma, l’auteur tente de montrer le caractère essentiellement mimétique de nos actes, achats et consommations, explicitant par exemple les fortes concentrations des entrées autour de quelques films en quelques salles. En essayant de nourrir l’approche économique d’autres sciences, et notamment la sociologie, l’anthropologie, la neurobiologie et les travaux de René Girard, il a tenté de montrer que, loin d’être un sujet autonome décochant la flèche de son désir en direction d’un bien optimalement choisi, l’humain adopte au contraire un comportement totalement hétéronome, son regard se portant d’abord sur un autre humain, médiateur souvent involontaire qui l’oriente à son insu vers un objet dont il est déjà lui-même propriétaire. Si les produits offerts et les incantations autour de la « diversité » n’ont jamais été aussi nombreux, l’accroissement du nombre et de la rapidité des supports médiatiques a surtout provoqué l’accélération du processus mimétique, induisant une concentration accrue de la demande sur quelques biens, y compris culturels tels les livres, disques, ou films.
Motion picture industry --- Motion picture audiences. --- Economic aspects. --- Social aspects. --- Motion picture audiences --- Cinéma --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- Publics --- Aspect social --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Film industry (Motion pictures) --- Moving-picture industry --- Cultural industries --- Audiences --- programmation --- cinéma --- salle de cinéma --- film --- Cinéma --- Sociologie de la culture --- Conformisme --- Aspect économique --- Sociologie --- Appréciation
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About the attractiveness and usefulness of the term ""cinema of attractions"" for both pre-classical and post-classical cinema
Film --- Experimental films --- Motion picture audiences --- Motion pictures --- 791.43 --- eenentwintigste eeuw --- experimenetele film --- film --- filmgeschiedenis --- filmtheorie --- receptie-esthetica --- spektakel --- twintigste eeuw --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- History and criticism --- History --- Audiences --- Motion picture audiences. --- Cinéma --- Films expérimentaux --- History. --- History and criticism. --- Histoire --- Histoire et critique --- Publics --- Attractions (Spectacles). --- Cinéma underground--Critique et interprétation. --- Films expérimentaux--Histoire et critique. --- Cinéma--Histoire--20e siècle--Anthologies. --- Film criticism. --- Motion pictures. --- Music, Dance, Drama & Film
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Chacun va au cinéma, aujourd'hui, avec le sentiment de vivre une expérience partagée, mais en même temps intime et singulière. La réception filmique ne fut pourtant pas toujours envisagée ainsi. Durant la période « muette », en France, elle était considérée comme un phénomène ressortissant aux lois de la psychologie collective. Les films ne s'adressaient pas à des individus mais à la foule. La foule était au centre des préoccupations d'une époque que Gustave Le Bon a baptisé d'« ère des foules ». Sa Psychologie des foules est demeurée l'emblème de la psychologie sociale naissante. Pourtant, la vision négative des foules qui s'y dessine ne fut pas la seule manière de concevoir ce phénomène. La foule est aussi apparue comme l'expression d'une volonté de renouveau du communautarisme et du spiritualisme, au sein d'un monde moderne qui s'orientait vers l'individualisme et le matérialisme. C'est par rapport à ces débats que des critiques, cinéastes et théoriciens (Canudo, Gance, Delluc, Epstein, L'Herbier, Moussinac, Faure) envisagèrent d'octroyer au cinéma un rôle capital. Ils voulurent que ce spectacle populaire devienne l'art des foules. Ce n'était qu'ainsi qu'il pouvait offrir aux foules des moments de communion et d'élévation spirituelle, et qu'en même temps, cette mission « religieuse » conférée à l'art par le romantisme serait sauvée. Il était donc destiné à prolonger les idéaux romantiques dans le monde moderne, tout en préparant la venue d'un homme nouveau capable de fusion psychique, voire de télépathie. Psychologies des foules, histoire de l'art, pacifisme, universalisme, socialisme, occultisme et sciences psychiques sont ici convoqués pour exhumer les enjeux idéologiques de cette grandiose et utopique théorisation du cinéma comme Septième Art et de la réception filmique comme phénomène collectif.
Motion pictures --- Motion picture audiences --- Collective behavior --- Social aspects --- History. --- Behavior, Collective --- Crowd behavior --- Crowds --- Mass behavior --- Human behavior --- Social action --- Social psychology --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Cinema --- Feature films --- Films --- Movies --- Moving-pictures --- Audio-visual materials --- Mass media --- Psychology --- Audiences --- History and criticism --- foule --- réception --- théorie du cinéma --- film
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Many recent works of contemporary art, performance, and film turn a spotlight on sleep, wresting it from the hidden, private spaces to which it is commonly relegated. At the Edges of Sleep considers sleep in film and moving image art as both a subject matter to explore onscreen and a state to induce in the audience. Far from negating action or meaning, sleep extends into new territories as it designates ways of existing in the world, in relation to people, places, and the past. Defined positively, sleep also expands our understanding of reception beyond the binary of concentration and distraction. These possibilities converge in the work of Thai filmmaker and artist Apichatpong Weerasethakul, who has explored the subject of sleep systematically throughout his career. In examining Apichatpong’s work, Jean Ma brings together an array of interlocutors—from Freud to Proust, George Méliès to Tsai Ming-liang, Weegee to Warhol—to rethink moving images through the lens of sleep. Ma exposes an affinity between cinema, spectatorship, and sleep that dates to the earliest years of filmmaking, and sheds light upon the shifting cultural valences of sleep in the present moment.
Art and motion pictures. --- Dreams in motion pictures. --- Motion picture audiences. --- Sleep --- PERFORMING ARTS / Film & Video / History & Criticism. --- Psychological aspects. --- Sleeping --- Slumber --- Health --- Psychophysiology --- Rest --- Sleep-wake cycle --- Subconsciousness --- Dreams --- Hypnagogia --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Motion pictures --- Art and moving-pictures --- Motion pictures and art --- Audiences --- sleep; film; dreams in motion pictures; art
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Cinema-going was the most popular commercial leisure activity in the first half of the twentieth century, peaking in 1946 with 1.6 billion recorded admissions. Though 'going to the pictures' remained a popular pastime, the transition to peacetime altered citizens' leisure habits. During the 1950s increased affluence, the growth of television ownership and the diversification of leisure led to rapid declines in attendance. Cinema attendances fell in all regions, but the speed, nature and extent of decline varied widely across the United Kingdom. By linking national developments to detailed case studies of Belfast and Sheffield, this book adds nuance to our understanding of regional variations in film exhibition, audience habits and cinema-going experiences during a period of profound social and cultural change. Drawing on a wide range of quantitative and qualitative sources, Cinema and Cinema-Going conveys the diverse nature of this important industry, and the significance of place as a determinant of film attendance in post-war Britain. Dr Sam Manning teaches at Queen's University Belfast and is a postdoctoral researcher on the AHRC European Cinema Audiences project at Oxford Brookes University. He has recently published articles on the history of cinemas in Northern Ireland in Cultural and Social History and Media History.
Motion picture audiences --- Motion picture theaters --- History. --- Film audiences --- Filmgoers --- Moviegoers --- Moving-picture audiences --- Performing arts --- Cinemas --- Movie theaters --- Moving-picture theaters --- Theaters, Motion picture --- Theaters --- Audiences --- 1900-1999 --- Great Britain. --- Anglia --- Angliyah --- Briṭanyah --- England and Wales --- Förenade kungariket --- Grã-Bretanha --- Grande-Bretagne --- Grossbritannien --- Igirisu --- Iso-Britannia --- Marea Britanie --- Nagy-Britannia --- Prydain Fawr --- Royaume-Uni --- Saharātchaʻānāčhak --- Storbritannien --- United Kingdom --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland --- Velikobritanii͡ --- Wielka Brytania --- Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta --- Northern Ireland --- Scotland --- Wales
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