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This book uncovers cultural traces of the ancient Jewry of Eastern Europe from the tenth to the fifteenth centuries in translations from Hebrew into East Slavic. These translations range from accounts of Old Testament prophets and other historical figures important to both Jews and Christians, such as Alexander the Great, to scientific and philosophical texts on subjects spanning astronomy, physiognomy, and metaphysics. Moshe Taube’s fine-grained analysis teases out a robust picture of this massive cultural enterprise: the translators, their erudition, their biases, and their collaborative methods of translation with neighboring Christians. Summarizing over thirty years of the author’s philological and linguistic research, this book is a substantial original contribution to the cultural history of Jews in Eastern Europe and their interaction with, and influence on, Slavic culture in the Middle Ages and Early Modern period.“A perceptive and original analysis of the field from a world-leading authority. This is a condensation of a lifetime’s outstanding and innovative scholarly research into the historical and cultural relations between Jews and Russia.” —William F. Ryan, Professor Emeritus and Honorary Fellow at the Warburg Institute in the School of Advanced Study, University of London"
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Der erste Themenband des neu konzipierten JKGE fragt nach den Spezifika von Bildungspraktiken und -prozessen während der Aufklärungsepoche in den oftmals plurikulturellen und mehrsprachigen Regionen des östlichen Europa. Im Kontext einer global ausgerichteten Erforschung der Aufklärung und der ‚entangled history‘ stehen Fragen nach Transfer, Übersetzung, Vernetzung, Interferenzen, Ungleichzeitigkeiten und Ambivalenzen im Vordergrund: Wie verorten sich die Praktiken der Bildung zwischen Rationalität und kolonialem Blick? Inwiefern waren Bildungsinitiativen und Bildungspraktiken, insbesondere der Volksaufklärung, mit Machtstrukturen verbunden? Wie gestaltete sich der Übergang von religiösen zu stärker rationalen Wissens- und Bildungspraktiken? Wissenschaftler/innen aus Deutschland, Estland, Österreich, Polen, Tschechien und Ungarn nehmen Aspekte aus Politik, Wissenschaft, Bildung, Kirche und Kultur in den Blick. The first issue of the newly designed Journal for Culture and History of the Germans in Eastern Europe (JKGE) addresses the specific conditions of education practices and education processes in the era of Enlightenment in Eastern Europe and its pluricultural and multilingual regions. Research on the Enlightenment period and on ‘entangled history’ has recently gained a more global focus, and this has foregrounded questions of transfer, translation, networking, interferences, asynchronicity and ambivalence. Were educational practices guided by rationality or by a spirit of colonialism, or somewhere along the spectrum between these? To what extent did the structures of authority exercise an influence on educational initiatives and practices, especially those in popular education? How did the multiconfessional context of Eastern Europe affect the transition from religious education to strongly rational ways of organizing knowledge and education? Researchers from Germany, Estonia, Austria, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary focus on aspects of education practices in politics, science, education, church life and culture.
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In Debatten um Sexarbeit und Prostitution wird viel über »die osteuropäischen Prostituierten« diskutiert. Doch wie gestalten sich die Lebensalltage von Menschen aus osteuropäischen Ländern, die in Deutschland der Sexarbeit nachgehen? Basierend auf einer langfristigen ethnographischen Forschung in Berlin bietet Ursula Probst Antworten auf diese Frage. In Auseinandersetzung mit den Erfahrungen von Frauen und Männern aus verschiedenen Ländern des östlichen Europas zeigt sie auf, dass prekäre Lebensumstände sexarbeitender Migrant*innen Ausdrücke weitreichender Marginalisierung, Sexualisierung und Rassifizierung von Osteuropäer*innen im neoliberalen Europa sind.
Neoliberalism. --- Prostitution. --- Body. --- Cultural Anthropology. --- Eastern Europe. --- Gender Studies. --- Gender. --- Germany. --- Marginalization. --- Migration. --- Racialization. --- Slavic Studies.
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Dieses Buch schreibt die Geschichte der litauischen Erinnerungskultur auf eine neue und unkonventionelle Art und Weise. Durch den Fokus auf die Geschichte der Gedenkstätten und Denkmale des Zweiten Weltkrieges werden vielfältige Akteure, Erinnerungspraktiken und historische Diskurse umfassend ausgeleuchtet. Hatten die ersten Kriegsdenkmale und Museen die Funktion, auf die Präsenz der Sowjetmacht hinzuweisen, wurde in den 1960er Jahren das Motiv des litauischen Heldenmutes und Widerstandes zentral. Diese Nationalisierung des Widerstandes ging auf Kosten der jüdischen Untergrundkämpfer; und auch für jüdische Opfer der Massenvernichtung während der deutschen Besatzung war in der sowjetischen Erinnerungspolitik kaum Platz. Nach dem politischen Umbruch und der Wiedererlangung der Staatssouveränität im Jahr 1990 bekam die »erlebte« Geschichte - und vor allem die Erfahrung der Opfer des stalinistischen Terrors - einen zentralen Platz in der öffentlichen Geschichtspräsentation. Fast alle Erinn
History --- History --- History of Eastern Europe --- Contemporary History --- Osteuropäische Geschichte --- Zeitgeschichte (ab 1949)
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This collection consists of articles on the subjects addressed by the research conference “The Shaping of Identity and Personality under Communist Rule: History in the Service of Totalitarian Regimes in Eastern Europe”, held in Tallinn, Estonia, on 9–10 June 2011 and arranged by the Estonian Institute of Historical Memory Foundation and the Unitas Foundation. The organisers of the conference intended to describe, analyse and explain the state policies and activities used in Eastern Europe for shaping the Communist identity and personality by means of manipulating the historical consciousness, and the efficiency of those policies and activities, proceeding from the official historical approaches of the former Eastern bloc. Ideologically mutated history was the important component of the official, Communist identity. The artificial official history and the new historical identity it forced upon the population aspired to establish the sole possible truth by means of half-truths. Probably the most important thread that comes through every article in this collection is the conflict between the official, communist identity and the nation's historical memory, and its consequences.
Socialism, Communism & Anarchism --- Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- History of Eastern Europe --- personality --- history --- memory --- totalitarianism --- propaganda --- communism --- eastern europe --- identity --- Estonia --- Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic --- Estonians --- KGB --- Slovenia --- Soviet Union
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Fifty-one texts illustrate the evolution of modernism in Eastern Europe. Essays, articles, poems, or excerpts from longer works offer new opportunities of possible comparisons of the respective national cultures. The volume focuses on the literary and scientific attempts at squaring the circle of individual and collective identities. Often outspokenly critical of the romantic episteme, these texts reflect a more sophisticated and critical stance than in the preceding periods. At the same time, rather than representing a complete rupture, they often continue and confirm the romantic identity narratives, albeit with "other means". The volume also presents the ways national minorities sought to legitimize their existence with reference to their cultural and institutional peculiarity.
Modernism (Aesthetics) --- National characteristics, European. --- History. --- Europe, Eastern --- Intellectual life. --- Nationalism --- European national characteristics --- Aesthetics --- National characteristics, European --- History --- E-books --- Eastern Europe, Identity, Intellectual life, Modernism, National characteristics, Sources. --- Eastern Europe, Modernism, National characteristics, Nationalism.
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Historical revisionism, far from being restricted to small groups of ‘negationists,’ has galvanized debates in the realm of recent history. The studies in this book range from general accounts of the background of recent historical revisionism to focused analyses of particular debates or social-cultural phenomena in individual Central European countries, from Germany to Ukraine and Estonia. Where is the borderline between legitimate re-examination of historical interpretations and attempts to rewrite history in a politically motivated way that downgrades or denies essential historical facts? How do the traditional ‘national historical narratives’ react to the ‘spill-over’ of international and political controversies into their ‘sphere of influence’? Technological progress, along with the overall social and cultural decentralization shatters the old hierarchies of academic historical knowledge under the banner of culture of memory, and breeds an unequalled democratization in historical representation. This book offers a unique approach based on the provocative and instigating intersection of scholarly research, its political appropriations, and social reflection from a representative sample of Central and East European countries.
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Il teatro yiddish è una fiorente anche se breve civiltà teatrale fiorita tra l’Otto e il Novecento, che ha accompagnato milioni di ebrei dell’Europa centrale e orientale nelle nuove dislocazioni in tutto il mondo. Era un popolo in fuga da persecuzioni e miseria, alla ricerca di benessere e felicità, un popolo che si chiedeva se e come fosse possibile conciliare tradizioni e valori millenari con la modernità. Il teatro yiddish si è sviluppato in dialogo con l’operetta, il melodramma e il teatro borghese del tempo, creando proprie forme del tutto originali, soprattutto il cosiddetto grottesco yiddish. Popolare e sperimentale, attraversato dalla musica e dal canto, soprattutto espressione di grandi attrici e attori che ispiravano i drammaturghi e si confrontavano spregiudicatamente con i grandi autori del passato, il teatro yiddish ha poi cessato di esistere soltanto in apparenza, perché - come qui si dimostra - ha irradiato con le proprie invenzioni recitative, drammaturgiche e registiche il teatro e il cinema di oggi nelle sue migliori espressioni sia popolari che d’avanguardia.
Theater, Yiddish --- Jewish theater --- History. --- Theater --- Theater, Hebrew --- Theater, Jewish --- Jewish entertainers --- Yiddish theater --- Jews --- music --- Eastern Europe --- Central Europe
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