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Challenger parties are on the rise in Europe, exemplified by the likes of Podemos in Spain, the National Rally in France, the Alternative for Germany, or the Brexit Party in Great Britain. Like disruptive entrepreneurs, these parties offer new policies and defy the dominance of established party brands. In the face of these challenges and a more volatile electorate, mainstream parties are losing their grip on power. This book explores why some challenger parties are so successful and what mainstream parties can do to confront these political entrepreneurs. Drawing analogies with how firms compete, the book demonstrates that political change is as much about the ability of challenger parties to innovate as it is about the inability of dominant parties to respond. Challenger parties employ two types of innovation to break established party dominance: they mobilize new issues, such as immigration, the environment, and Euroscepticism, and they employ antiestablishment rhetoric to undermine mainstream party appeal. Unencumbered by government experience, challenger parties adapt more quickly to shifting voter tastes and harness voter disenchantment. Delving into strategies of dominance versus innovation, the authors explain why European party systems have remained stable for decades, but also why they are now increasingly under strain. As challenger parties continue to seek to disrupt the existing order, Political Entrepreneurs shows that their ascendency fundamentally alters government stability and democratic politics.

Labor market. --- Employees --- Market, Labor --- Supply and demand for labor --- Markets --- Supply and demand --- Bonnie Oglensky. --- Carroll Seron. --- Chris Tilly. --- Cynthia Fuchs Epstein. --- Esther Neuwirth. --- Falling from Grace. --- Flawed System/Flawed Self. --- Good Jobs, Bad Jobs. --- Jackie Rogers. --- Katherine Newman. --- Lauren Rivera. --- Louis Hyman. --- Ofer Sharone. --- Pedigree. --- Philip Moss. --- Robert Sauté. --- Stories Employers Tell. --- Temp. --- Temps. --- The Mismatched Worker. --- The Part-time Paradox. --- accounting work. --- administrative work. --- bookkeeping work. --- clerical work. --- day laborers. --- economic insecurity. --- employment experiences. --- employment opportunities. --- exclusive hiring. --- freelance work. --- freelancers. --- full-time work. --- hiring decisions. --- human resource management. --- inclusion and exclusion in hiring. --- inclusive hiring. --- jobhunting. --- jobseekers. --- labor and employment relations. --- labor force. --- labor market. --- long-term unemployment. --- occupational culture. --- on-call work. --- on-call workers. --- organizational studies. --- part-time positions. --- project management. --- sales work. --- temp agencies. --- temporary help. --- work and employment. --- Political parties - Europe --- Europe - Politics and government - 1945 --- -Labor market. --- Europe --- Politics and government --- Political parties --- Political parties. --- Politics and government. --- Europe. --- Airo Hino. --- Andrew Gamble. --- Bonnie Meguid. --- Case Mudde. --- Catherine Blaiklock. --- Citizen Politics. --- Colin Crouch. --- Crisis without End?. --- Cultural Backlash. --- European Populism in the Shadow of the Great Recession. --- European elections. --- Five Star Movement. --- Hanspeter Kriesi. --- Herbert Kitschelt. --- Jae-Jae Spoon. --- Jean-Marie Le Pen. --- Lega Nord. --- Marine Le Pen. --- National Front. --- Nigel Farage. --- Party Competition between Unequals. --- Peter Mair. --- Pippa Norris. --- Political Survival of Small Parties in Europe. --- Populist Radical Right Parties in Europe. --- Post-democracy. --- Radical Right. --- Ronald Inglehart. --- Ruling the Void. --- Russell Dalton. --- The Transformation of European Social Democracy. --- UK Independence Party. --- UKIP. --- Voting Radical Right in Western Europe. --- West European Politics in the Age of Globalization. --- anti-austerity. --- anti-feminism. --- anti-feminist. --- anti-globalism. --- anti-immigrant. --- anti-immigration. --- climate change denial. --- comparative politics. --- conservatism. --- democratic socialism. --- electoral studies. --- firm competition. --- green party. --- industrial organization. --- left-wing. --- liberalism. --- nationalism. --- nationalist. --- nativism. --- party competition. --- party politics. --- political parties. --- populism. --- populist. --- protectionism. --- right-wing. --- social democracy. --- ultranationalism. --- voter appeal.