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"There is extensive government research on cyber security science, technology, and applications. Much of this research will be transferred to the private sector to aid in product development and the improvement of protective measures against cyber warfare attacks. This research is not widely publicized. There are initiatives to coordinate these research efforts but there has never been a published comprehensive analysis of the content and direction of the numerous research programs. This book provides private sector developers, investors, and security planners with insight into the direction of the U.S. Government research efforts on cybersecurity."--Provided by publisher.
Computer networks --- Cyberspace --- Federal aid to research --- Security measures --- Research --- United States --- Administrative and political divisions.
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"This book addresses the concern expressed by Pentagon Leaders that government resources would be better spent if we restricted the support of research to the top universities to the exclusion of all others. Establishing the veracity of this assertion sounds like a straightforward task, but it is not, with the devil being in the details. In the present case the details reside in the inverse power law (IPL) statistics of the datasets used to construct the measures of research value associated with the three major funding strategies used by the Army Research Office (ARO) to support basic science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) research. The statistics of research value in terms of the number of papers published and citations made to those papers are both IPL distributions, which makes the construction and interpretation of viable measures of research quality problematic. Thus, most of the book is devoted to interpretations of the various measures entailed by IPL statistics, but not with the mathematical details, which are amply referenced. An in-depth study of the funding by ARO addressing this question was concluded prior to Dr. West's retirement from ARO in July of 2021. The major conclusion drawn from the study was that if the budget of the ARO single individual funding was cut in half and invested instead in block grants to top universities, the result would by a disproportionate loss of research value to ARO and to the U.S. Army. The book reviews the measures constructed on which this conclusion was reached and the consistency of this conclusion with the discussion of Science of Science carried out by the broader science community"--
Federal aid to research --- Research grants --- Research --- Government policy --- United States.
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"Transforming American Science documents the ways in which federal funds catalyzed or accelerated changes in both university culture and in the broader system of American higher education during the post-World War II decades. The events of the book lie within the context of the Cold War, when pressure to maintain parity with the Soviet Union impelled more generous government spending and a willingness of some universities to reorient their missions in the service of country and of science. The book draws upon a substantial amount of archival research conducted in various university archives (MIT, Berkeley, Stanford) as well as at the Library of Congress, the National Archives, and various presidential libraries. Author Jonathan Engel considers the re-purposing of the wartime Manhattan Engineering District and the Office of Naval Research to robust peacetime roles in supporting the nation's expanding research efforts, along with the birth of the National Science Foundation, space exploration, and atoms for peace amongst other topics. This volume is the perfect resource for all those interested in Cold War history and in the history of American science and technology policy"--
Research --- Research institutes --- Federal aid to research --- Science and state --- Technology and state --- History --- History --- History --- History --- History
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"Since its founding in 1982, the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program has become the largest and most comprehensive public research and development funding program of small business research in the United States. An underlying tenet of the SBIR program, and the related Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program, is that small and young firms are an important source of new ideas that provide the underlying basis for technological innovation, productivity increases, and subsequent economic growth. By involving qualified small businesses in the nation's research and development efforts, SBIR/STTR grants stimulate the development of innovative technologies and help federal agencies achieve their missions and objectives. At the request of the Department of Energy (DOE), this report examines the SBIR and STTR programs at DOE, focusing on the effectiveness of DOE's SBIR/STTR processes and procedures on topic and awardee selection; DOE outreach efforts to SBIR and STTR applicants; collaborations created between small businesses and research institutions on account of the programs; a range of direct economic and non-economic impacts to awardees; and the role of SBIR/STTR programs in stimulating technological innovation and contributing to DOE's research and development needs, whether directly from awardees or indirectly through spillovers from other firms."--
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This book will expand the body of literature on capacity-building in science and improve public understanding of the issues regarding geographical concentration of federal research funding. The federal government has been the primary sponsor of academic research in the U.S., and the peer-review system has been the primary mechanism for distributing federal government funding for research among universities. The peer-review system ensures the production of the best science by funding the most capable researchers in the country. As a result, federal research funding has been concentrated in high-capacity states where many of the most capable researchers reside. Despite official action - such as the implementation of the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), which targets low capacity jurisdictions for federal funding - the amount of resources going to each state for research is highly uneven. This book provides recommendations on how to improve policy design and program implementation for better research capacity-building outcomes. The book lends itself to a wide audience, as it does not focus entirely on high-level statistical analysis, but will have specific appeal to researchers in science policy, federal budgeting and higher education policy. .
Federal aid to research --- Research and development projects --- Projects, Research and development --- R & D projects --- R and D projects --- R&D projects --- Research & development projects --- Research --- Government policy --- Public policy. --- Education-Economic aspects. --- Economic policy. --- Public Policy. --- Education Economics. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Education—Economic aspects.
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Environmental law --- duurzame energie --- milieurecht --- E-books --- Énergies renouvelables --- Droit européen. --- Europe de l'Ouest --- Intégration économique. --- Renewable energy sources --- Law and legislation --- European Union countries --- Federal aid to energy development --- Environmental policy --- Economic aspects --- Energy policy --- Free trade --- Energies renouvelables --- Politique énergétique --- Libre-échange --- Droit --- EPUB-ALPHA-E EPUB-LIV-FT LIVDROIT STRADA-B --- developpement durable --- duurzame ontwikkeling --- Autriche --- Etats-Unis --- Islande --- Espagne --- France --- Intégration économique
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